Low-lying four-quasiparticle state in82Rb

The g-factor of the 6⁺ 191.3 keV excited state with a half-life T_1/2=12.3(6) ns in⁸²Rb populated in the⁷⁹Br(⁴He,n) and⁸¹Rb(³He,2n) reactions has been measured by the TDPAD method. On the basis of the experimental g-factor g _exp =+0.670(8) the four-quasiparticle configuration [πg9/2?ν(g9/2) ₇ ^2/3 ]₆₊ involving an anomalous neutron coupling has been assigned to this state.     

In-beamγ-ray spectroscopy of the neutron deficient100Ag

The neutron deficient nucleus¹⁰⁰Ag, three proton holes below and three neutron particles above the N=Z=50 shell closure at¹⁰⁰Sn, has been identified and studied by in-beam spectroscopy. The reactions⁴⁶Ti(⁵⁸Ni,3pn) at 231 MeV and⁶⁴Zn(⁴⁰Ca,3pn) at 167 MeV of the respective⁵⁸Ni and⁴⁰Ca beams were used, and states up to 8.7 MeV excitation energy and spin I?20 were found in two mainγ-ray cascades forming band-like structures of even and odd parity. Large scale shell model calculations suggest predominantπg ₉ ^2/?3 ν(d_5/2,g_7/2)³ andπg ₉ ^2/?3 ν(d_5/2,g_7/2)²h_11/2 structures with maximum spins I ^π = 19⁺ and I ^π =22^?, respectively, for the two level sequences. The influence ofπp_1/2 vs.νh_11/2 excitations is discussed for low lying odd-parity levels.     

Electromagnetic transition strengths and nuclear moments in123Xe

The level structure of¹²³Xe has been studied with the¹¹⁴Cd (¹²C, 3n) and^?Cd (¹³C, 4n) reactions using in-beamγ-ray spectroscopy. The yrast cascade on the low lying odd parity states originating from theh _11/2 neutron orbital has been investigated yielding lifetimesτ of 18(3) ps, 2.2 (4) ns and 17(2) ns for the 15/2^?, 11/2^? and 9/2^? states, respectively. Theg-factor of thet _1/2=5.2 μs isomer has been measured to beg=?0.256(2). From the time differential observation of the electric quadrupole interaction in a¹¹⁴Cd single crystal the spin of this isomer has been determined to be 7/2 and from the coupling constante ² Qq/h=116(2) MHz the quadrupole moment was deduced. The results are discussed in the framework of the triaxial rotor plus particle model.     

The structure of 113Sn from proton and alpha- particle induced reactions

The results of in-beam investigations of ¹¹³ Sn using the (p,n), (p,3n), (α,n) and (α,2n) reactions are summarized. Excited states have been identified until E _x = 4715 MeV and J ^π = (27/2^{t -}). For a large number of levels mean lifetimes τ have been determined with the DSA method. For the J ^k = 25/2⁺ state at E _x = 4059 MeV, τ = 1.0(4) ns has been measured with the γ-RF method. The experimental results are compared with the predictions of shell-model calculations. Most of the positive-parity states may be considered as one-or three-quasiparticle neutron excitations of the 2d_5/2, 1_g7/2, 3_s1/2 and 2d_3/2 shells, the negative-parity states as the coupling of one 1h_11/2 neutron to the two- or four-quasiparticle neutron excitations in the even-mass ¹¹²Sn core. For the 25/2⁺ isomer the three-quasiparticle neutron configuration ν(h ₁₁ ^2/2 g ₇ ^2/?1 ) has been proposed on the basis of a shell-model analysis using the mass-formula formalism. The experimentally observed yrast states in ₅₀ ¹¹³ Sn₆₃ are compared with the corresponding states in the valence mirror nucleus ₆₃ ¹⁴⁵ Eu82 giving remarkable similarities although the parameters for the shell-model calculations differ considerably. The analysis of nearest-neighbour spacing distributions of experimentally obtained 5/2⁺ states in ¹¹³Sn does not allow definite conclusions about regularity or chaos.     

Die Hyperfeinstruktur des 32 P 1/2-Zustandes von Natrium im starken Magnetfeld

The hyperfine structure of the 3² P _1/2-state of²³Na has been measured by the optical double resonance technique in a magnetic field sufficiently strong to decoubleI andJ. The magnetic interaction constantA _1/2 and the Landég-factor were found to be:A _1/2=94.3(2) MHz,g=0.66581(12).     

High-spin states in68Ga

The⁶⁸Ga nucleus has been studied via the reactions⁶⁵Cu(α, nγ)⁶⁸Ga atE _α=12–21 MeV and⁶⁶Zn(α, p nγ)⁶⁸Ga atE _α=25–40 MeV. The level scheme has been established by means of relative yield functions, electronic timing measurements, prompt and delayedγ-γ coincidences, angular distributions and directional orientation coÏncidences. Spins up to 11⁺ were assigned to levels up to 4 MeV excitation and the higher ones were interpreted by coupling a⁶⁷Ga core with a (v 1 g_9/2) neutron.     

The (n, 2n) excitation functions for93Nb and103Rh with special respect to the isomeric states in92Nb and102Rh

By means of the activation technique the excitation functions for the reactions⁹³Nb(n,2n)^92mNb(10.15d),¹⁰³Rh(n,2n)^102mRh(2.9y), and¹⁰³Rh(n,2n)^102gRh(206d) were measured with an average total uncertainty of about ±8% between 10 and 20 MeV neutron energy. In addition the total⁹³Nb(n, 2n) cross-section was compared with the⁵⁹Co(n, 2n) cross-section at 16.8 MeV by direct neutron detection using the time-of-flight technique. The results are compared with statistical theory, especially with theoretical expectations for the isomeric cross-section ratios, which are only in reasonable agreement with the experiment if one assumes a ground state spinI _g=5 for⁹²Nb andI _g=2 for¹⁰²Rh.     

Thermal neutron induced α-particle reaction on64, 65, 67Zn and77Se

The (_n th,α) reaction spectroscopy was done on^{64, 65, 67}zn and⁷⁷Se at the 87 m curved thermal neutron guide of the Grenoble high flux reactor. In each of the⁶⁴Zn(n, α)⁶¹ Ni and⁶⁷ Ni(n, α) ⁶⁴Ni reactions, one line showed up corresponding to anα-particle transition to the first excited state in⁶¹Ni and⁶⁴Ni withσ _α1=11±3 μb and 159±20 μb respectively. In the case of the radioactive⁶⁵Zn(T _1/2=244d) nucleus, two lines showed up corresponding to the ground state and the first excited state transitions in⁶²Ni with large values ofσ _α0=1.0±0.1b andσ _α1=1.0±0.1b. For the⁷⁷Se(n, α)⁷⁴Ge reaction, the ground state and first excited transitions were present withσ _α0=940±20 μb andσ _α1 = 30±5 μb respectively. The spin-parity (J ^π) of the neutron resonance contributing at thermal energy are discussed.     

EPR study of Fe3+ and Mn2+ in CeO2 and ThO2

Attempts were made to grow CeO₂ and ThO₂ single crystals doped with transition metal ions. Only Fe³⁺ and Mn²⁺ could be detected by the EPR technique. The EPR spectrum of Fe³⁺ in CeO₂ exhibits the well-known fine structure in cubic fields. The parameters areg=2.0044(1) anda=15.6(1)·10^?4 cm^?1. The hyperfine constantA for⁵⁷Fe in hexahedral coordination was found to be 8.9(1)·10^?4 cm^?1. The EPR spectrum of Mn²⁺ in CeO₂ reveals two cubic Mn²⁺ centers. The parameters for center 1 areg=1.9999(1) andA=86.9(1)·10^?4 cm^?1 and for center 2g=1.9984(1) andA=87.0(1)·10^?4 cm^?1. Heating the Mn doped CeO₂ samples in hydrogen, the Mn²⁺ centers transform from cubic into trigonal centers with approximate values ofg=1.9988(2),A=84.5(6)·10^?4 cm^?1 andD=203(1)·10^?4 cm^?1. The two observed Mn²⁺ centers in ThO₂ exhibita priori axial symmetry with approximate values ofg=2.0006(2),A=88.9(4)·10^?4 cm^?1 andD=33(3)·10^?4 cm^?1.     

The deformation of the ground and excited states in the Ag and Sn nuclei

The microscopic calculation of the potential energies in the ground and excited states of Ag and Sn nuclei has been performed. The single particle Nilsson potential and the shell correction Strutinski method have been used. The weak sensitivness to nonaxial deformation has been found for even neighbours of these nuclei. The small tendency towards prolate deformation of the ground and excited one-quasiparticle states originating from theg _9/2 proton subshell in^101–105Ag odd isotopes has been noticed. The behaviour with quadrupole e and hexadecapole ε₄ deformation of the ground and two-quasiparticle excited 0⁺ states originating from thed _5/2,g _9/2 andg _7/2 proton subshells andh _11/2 neutron subshell in^112–118Sn has been investigated. The small quadrupole deformation of the excited 0⁺ states has been found what is in agreement with the experimental data concerning the rotational bands build on the first excited 0⁺ states in Sn isotopes.     

New determination of the neutron-proton scattering amplitude and precise measurements of the scattering amplitudes on carbon,chlorine, fluorine and bromine

After an improvement on the theory of the neutron-gravity-refractometer and after refinements of the experimental procedure we have performed new measurements of the absolute value of the neutron-proton scattering amplitude at low neutron energies. In order to obtain and to confirm a very high accuracy we carried out neutron-reflection experiments on 18 various liquids of 11 different organic substances containing the elements carbon, hydrogen and/or chlorine. Compounds with fluorine and bromine were used to measure the scattering amplitudes of these elements. We found the coherent scattering amplitudes of the bound atoms to be:a _H=?3.7409(1l)fm,a _c=6.6484(13)fm,a _c1=9.5792(8)fm,a _F=5.66(2)fm anda _Br=6.79(2)fm. The low energy (n, p)-parametersa _t anda _s were calculated with the presenta _H and a new value of the (n, p) scattering cross-sectionσ ₀. By comparing the measureda _C with values obtained from precise transmission experiments we could determine the gravitational accelerationg _f of the free neutron in terms of the local value g. We found the two values to be equal:g _f =0.9996(7)g.     

Elastic properties of CsCN

The temperature dependence of the elastic constants of CsCN exhibiting the CsCl structure was measured with ultrasonic and neutron techniques. The room temperature values were found to bec ₁₁=18.8,c ₁₂=10.7 andc ₄₄=2.95 10¹⁰ dyn/cm². The sound waves inT _2g andE _g symmetries exhibit anomalous temperature effects which are similar but definitively weaker than those in the NaCl type cyanides. In addition we measured the acoustic phonon dispersion along [100] and [110]. These results are compared with recent molecular dynamics calculations.     

Nuclear orientation of183Re and184Re in iron

The temperature dependence of the anisotropy of γ-rays from the decay of oriented¹⁸³,¹⁸⁴Re nuclei situated in an iron matrix was measured between 14 and 33 mK. Magnetic hyperfine splitting constants ofgH _HF=5.04(9) × 10^?18 erg andgH _HF=3.21 (13) × 10^?18 erg were determined for the groundstates of¹⁸³Re and¹⁸⁴Re, respectively. With the previously known hyperfinefield of ?760(15) kG for Re in iron the followingg-factors were deduced:¹⁸³Reg=1.32 (5) and¹⁸⁴Reg=0.84 (5). The E2/M1 mixing ratio of the 793 keV 2⁺ ?2⁺ transition in¹⁸⁴W was accurately determined to δ (793 keV)=+16.65 (85).     

Neutronh 11/2 alignments in the triaxial nucleus133La

High spin states have been studied in¹³³La via the¹²²Sn (¹⁵N, 4ny) fusion evaporation reaction. Bands build on low lying h_11/2,g_7/2 and d_5/2 proton states have been identified. At higher spin a h_11/2 neutron alignment is observed. The softness with respect to the triaxial deformation makes the nuclear shape sensitive to the quasiparticle configurations and coexistence between states withy ≈ + 30°,y ≈ ? 30° andy ≦ ? 60° was found. The results have been interpreted using total routhian surface (TRS) model calculations.     

Energy splitting betweenT > andT < single particle states in91Nb

The isobaric energy splitting ΔE(n, l, j) betweenT _>- andT _<-single particle states in the shell (2d _5/2, 2d _3/2, 1g _7/2, 3S _1/2) has been experimentally determined for⁹¹Nb from a study of the reaction⁹⁰Zr(³He,d)⁹¹Nb. The splitting of the 1g _7/2-states is found to be about 25% larger than that of the³ s _1/2-states. The observed dependence of the energy splitting ΔE(n, l, j) on the shell model quantum numbers (n, l, j) of the states is reproduced by the expression \(\Delta {\rm E}(n, l, j) = \frac{1}{2}(2T + 1) \left\langle {\phi _ > ^{n l j} | U_1 (r)|\phi _ > ^{n l j} } \right\rangle\) , which is based on approximate solutions of Lane's equations.φ _> ^nlj is the wave function of the parent state in the (nC) system. There is evidence, that only a Lane potentialU ₁(r) of surface type can reproduce the observed strong dependence of ΔE(n, l, j) on the quantum numbers. The depthū ₁ of Lane's potential is found to be 2.0 MeV.     

The magnetic moments and halflives of the 5/2− states in199Hg and197Hg and the discrepancies in the experimental hyperfine fields at Hg in Fe

The Larmor-precession frequencies for¹⁹⁷Hg in Fe have been determined to beω _L = 1291 ±25 MHz at 293 K andω _L = 1334±25 MHz at 105 K. For¹⁹⁹Hg in Feω _L =1372±50 MHz has been measured at 293 K. The half-lives of the 5/2^? states in¹⁹⁷Hg and¹⁹⁹Hg have been remeasured asT _1/2(¹⁹⁷Hg)=8.1±0.16 nsec andT _1/2(¹⁹⁹Hg)=2.45±0.05 ns, respectively. The magnetic moment of the 5/2^? 158keV state in¹⁹⁹Hg was redetermined by the integral perturbed angular correlation method in an external magnetic field of 47kG asμ(5/2 ^? ) = 0.905±0.091 nm. With this new value consistency for the magnetic hyperfine fields at Hg in Fe measured with the TDPAC-method and with the NMR/ON-method is obtained. This fact is used to determine theg-factors of the 5/2^? states in¹⁹⁷Hg and¹⁹⁹Hg more precisely fromω _L -values given above:g(¹⁹⁷Hg)=0.342(6);g(¹⁹⁹Hg)=0.352(13). The magnetic moments of the first excited 2⁺ states in^198–204Hg isotopes which rely on calibrations with the¹⁹⁹Hg-g-factor, are revised.     

Polarisierte Anregung der metastabilen 6s 5d-Terme im Ba I-Spektrum und Messung derg J-Faktoren

In an atomic beam experiment Ba-atoms were excited in the metastable levels of the 6s 5d-configuration by optical pumping and electron impact. The three states 6s 5d ¹ D ₂ and³ D _1,2 were populated by optical excitation of the 6s 6p ¹ P ₁- and³ P ₁-level resp., which decay partly into the metastable states. The¹ D ₂- and³ D ₃-level could be excited and aligned by impact of 50 eV-electrons. Radiofrequency transitions between Zeemansublevels were detected by resonance scattering of light and theg _J-values of the four 6s 5d-levels were measured:g _J(^1D ₂)=1.0032 (2),g _J(^3D ₁)=0.4986 (2),g _J(^3D ₂)=1.1638 (2) andg _J(^3D ₃)=1.3341 (2).     

中子辐照含氢硅中的一种新EPR谱

氢气氛下生长的区熔硅(磷～10¹⁴/cm³)经镉比为10,总通量为(2.9—6.0)×10¹⁷n/cm²的中子辐照后,在77K,X波段观测到一种S=1/2的新EPR谱(标号为PK2)。g_eff值随(011)平面内磁场的角度关系呈三斜对称性。对应于缺陷在硅中一特定取向下的g张量主值及主轴相对于立方晶轴的方向余弦如下:g(±0.0004) n[100] n[010] n[001] g_{1关键词：}     

E2 moments andg-factors in neutron deficient lead isotopes

The half-lives of the (vi _13/2)² I ^π=12⁺ isomers in^{190, 192}pb were measured asT _1/2 =7.9(4) μs and 1.10(5) μs, respectively. The quadrupole moment and theg-factor of the corresponding state in¹⁹⁴Pb were determined toQ=49(3) efm² andg=?0.167(2) using the perturbed angular distribution method. Additionalg-factor and lifetime information was obtained for a number of isomers in^{194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200}Pb also involvingi _13/2 neutrons. The results are discussed in comparison to a two-quasiparticle Tamm-Dancoff calculation in the full shell using the surface delta interaction.     

Semi-empirical analysis of magnetic moments of single-particle (or-hole) states around the 208Pb core

Magnetic moments of single-particle (or-hole) states around the ²⁰⁸Pb core were fitted by three state-independent parameters δg_l^(p), δg_l⁽ⁿ⁾ and α, where α is a parameter that is connected closely with δg_S and g_p. The analysis was performed under the assumptions that (i) the state-dependence of radial integral I((nl)²(n'l')²) involved in δg_s and g_p is calculated by the harmonic-oscillator potential, and (ii) δg_s is taken as being equal to ?4g_p, as expected from the δ-force type core polarization. An excellent fit was obtained when δg_l^(p) = 0.10(2), δg_l⁽ⁿ⁾ = ?0.05(1) and α = 1.2(1), which show that the main contributor to δg_s is the M1 core polarization and δg_l⁽ⁿ⁾ is certainly smaller than 0. B(M1)'s for allowed transitions calculated with the use of the same parameters as above are smaller than the observed B(M1)'s whereas α = 1.01(1) explains well the observed B(M1)'s.