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1.
Toshimitsu Yamazaki 《Hyperfine Interactions》2000,127(1-4):135-142
The metastable antiprotonic helium atom–molecule (in short, atomcule),
, which was discovered in 1991 as being the cause of the anomalous longevity of antiprotons with an overall lifetime of about
3 μs, now provides an exotic playground for laser spectroscopy, helped by the existence of numerous long lived states with
1–2 μs lifetimes. This three body system is characterized by a large angular momentum l ∼ 38 of
coupled with the electron in the 1s ground orbital, and looks like an exotic hydrogen isotope with many different “nuclear
states” as well as an exotic molecule with two centers (He2+ and
). So far, a number of laser resonance transitions have been identified. The present talk will cover the following topics:
(1) high precision spectroscopy in comparison with three body theories involving the relativistic effect and QED, and (2)
hyperfine structure of
;laser-microwave triple resonance.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
2.
Yasunori Yamazaki 《Hyperfine Interactions》2001,138(1-4):141-152
The Antiproton Decelerator (AD) devoted primarily to atomic physics experiments has been stably operated since 2000. Until
now, three proposals have been approved, two of which are on the production and spectroscopy of antihydrogen, and the third
one is on atomic collisions and precision spectroscopy of antiprotonic atoms, ASACUSA collaboration. One of the unique features
of the ASACUSA collaboration is to develop intense slow and ultra slow antiproton beams of high quality, which will open a
new multidisciplinary field involving atomic physics, nuclear physics and elementary particle physics. The ultra slow antiprotons
will be prepared by combining the AD (down to 5.3 MeV), the RFQD (Radio Frequency Quadrupole Decelerator) (down to several
tens keV), and an electron cooling device which will be called “MUSASHI” (Monoenergetic Ultra Slow Antiproton Source for High-precision
Investigations) (down to several eV). MUSASHI produces the eV antiproton beam through an electron cooling of trapped antiprotons
and a radial compression followed by an extraction through a transport beam line. The transport beam line is specially designed
so that the pressure at the trap region can be maintained more than six orders of magnitude better than the collision region
and at the same time the transport efficiency is kept at almost 100%. The ultra slow antiproton beam allows for the first
time to study collision dynamics such as antiprotonic atom formation and ionization processes under single collision conditions,
and also to study spectroscopic nature of various metastable antiprotonic atoms such as
p,
He+,
He++, etc. Metastable
p are particularly interesting because they allow to make high precision spectroscopy of two body exotic atoms. Production
and spectroscopy of antiprotonic atoms consisting of unstable exotic nuclei will also be discussed.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
G.L. Borchert D. Anagnostopoulos M. Augsburger D. Belmiloud C. Castelli D. Chatellard M. Daum J.P. Egger P. El-Khoury M. Elble R. Frosch H. Gorke D. Gotta P. Hauser P. Indelicato K. Kirch S. Lenz N. Nelms K. Rashid O.W.B. Schult Th. Siems L.M. Simons 《Hyperfine Interactions》1998,114(1-4):157-164
Some time after its formation an exotic atom may be considered a hydrogen-like system consisting of a nucleus and an exotic
particle in a bound state. In this situation it is an ideal tool to study cascade properties, while for the innermost orbits
it can be used to probe the interaction with the nucleus. From an extended series of experiments using high resolution X-ray
spectroscopy for both aspects typical examples are reported and preliminary results are given: 1. To determine the complex
scattering length in
H the
hyperfine transitions have been measured. 2. To determine the pion mass the 5
4 transitions in
N have been studied. In all cases a major contribution to the uncertainty originates from the calibration. Therefore a new
method is proposed that will establish a universal set of high precision calibration lines for pionic, muonic and electronic
systems.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Leonid I. Men'shikov 《Hyperfine Interactions》1999,119(1-4):245-250
A new interpretation of the nature of the metastable states of antiprotons in helium is proposed. The first step is the formation
of an ion (
), which shall be called “ioncule”. After its decay a neutral “atomcule” (
) is formed which was observed in the experiments on metastable antiprotonic helium. This model explains the experiments in
a natural way, in particular the quenching by atomic and molecular admixtures and the pressure dependence of quenching in
pure helium. At high helium densities the ioncule creates a vacuum bubble in helium. It is shown that the annihilation of
slowed-down
can be suppressed at helium pressures of ∼ 10 000 bar.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
G.L. Borchert D. Anagnostopoulos M. Augsburger C. Castelli D. Chatellard J.P. Egger P. El Khoury M. Elble H. Gorke D. Gotta P. Hauser P. Indelicato K. Kirch S. Lenz N. Nelms K. Rashid O.W.B. Schult Th. Siems L.M. Simons 《Hyperfine Interactions》2000,127(1-4):149-155
At the LEAR facility, CERN, antiprotonic Lα transitions in light elements have been investigated with a focussing crystal
spectrometer. The high resolution of the experiment allowed for the first time to resolve in
H the 23P0 state from the close lying states 23P2, 21P1, and 23P1. In
D the corresponding transitions were found to be more than an order of magnitude broader. To a large extent the results for
H support the meson exchange model.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
G.Ya. Korenman 《Hyperfine Interactions》1999,119(1-4):227-233
Effect of medium density on shift and broadening of (
) spectral lines is considered in the framework of binary-collision approximation with an effective (
)–He potential including the long-range attraction and short-range repulsion. Quantum calculations of the scattering phase
shifts at reasonable values of the potential parameters allow to explain the main features of the observed density effect
on the shape of (
) spectral lines in low-temperature helium.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
Auger decay rates of the metastable antiprotonic helium 3,4He
e are calculated. The variational method and solution of coupled differential equations are combined to determine the initial
metastable state wave function. Besides metastable states, the calculation reveals specific short-lived states of the antiprotonic
helium with an essentially different structure of the wave function. An effect of mixture of the wave functions is taken into
account to calculate the decay rate for a few metastable states, which are close in energy to the short-lived ones.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
R. Orbach 《Hyperfine Interactions》1989,49(1-4):325-333
The excitation dynamics of site diluted magnets can be described at low energies (long length scales) by magnons, and above
a crossover frequency, ωc, (short length scales) by fractons. The density of fracton states is given by
, where
is the fracton dimensionality. Dilution gives rise to a characteristic length ξ∝(p−p
c)ν, wherep
c is the critical concentration for (magnetic) percolation. The crossover frequency ωc is proportional to ξ-1[1+(θ/2)], where θ is the rate at which the diffusion constant decays with distance for diffusion on an equivalent network. A fractal
dimensionD describes the density of magnetic sites on the infinite network, and
. For percolating networks,
for all dimensions ≥2. Neutron scattering structure factor measurements by Uemura and Birgeneau compare well with calculations
using fracton concepts.
Magnons are extended at low energies, while the fracton states are geometrically localized, with a wave function envelope
proportional to exp
. Here,
is the fracton length scale at frequency ω. The exponentd
ϕ lies between 1 andd
min, the chemical length index (of the order of 1.6 in three dimensions). The localization of the magnetic excitations causes
a spread in the NMR relaxation rates. A given nuclear moment will experience only a limited set of fracton excitations, resulting
in an overall non-exponential decay of the NMR relaxation signal. When strong cross-relaxation is present, the relaxation
will be exponential, but the temperature dependence will be strongly altered from the concentrated result. 相似文献
9.
D. Verney F. Le Blanc L. Cabaret J. Crawford H.T. Duong J. Genevey G. Huber F. Ibrahim M. Krieg J.K.P. Lee D. Lunney J. Obert J. Oms J. Pinard J.C. Putaux B. Roussière J. Sauvage V. Sebastian 《Hyperfine Interactions》2000,127(1-4):79-82
Laser spectroscopy measurements have been performed on neutron deficient iridium isotopes. The hyperfine structure and isotope
shift of the optical Ir I transition 5d76s2
4F9/2 → 5d76s6p 6F11/2 at 351.5 nm have been studied for the 182–189Ir,
and 191,193Ir isotopes. The nuclear magnetic and quadrupole moments were obtained from the HFS measurements and the changes of the mean
square charge radii from the IS measurements. A large mean square charge radius change between 187Ir and 186Ir and between
and
has been observed.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
The main properties of the interaction of ultra low‐energy antiprotons (E⩽10-6 a.u.) and antihydrogen with atomic hydrogen are established. Elastic and inelastic cross‐sections and Protonium formation
spectrum are calculated within quantum mechanical coupled channels approach. The results of calculations differ strongly from
predictions made by extrapolation of semiclassical models to the energy domain of interest. It is shown that the main feature
of the observables behaviour is determined by existence of a family of
H,
H near‐threshold metastable states.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
11.
M.J. Prandolini W.D. Hutchison J. Leib D.H. Chaplin G.J. Bowden 《Hyperfine Interactions》1998,116(1-4):83-89
NMRON studies for the
54Mn transitions in antiferromagnetic MnBr2
4H2O, in the millikelvin regime, are presented and discussed. New values are given for (i) the sum of the effective molecular exchange and magnetic anisotropy fields acting on the Mn2+ ions,
=2.23(2) T, and (ii) the magnetic dipole hyperfine splitting, A=-201.99(1) MHz, electric quadrupole hyperfine splitting P=0.049(8) MHz and pseudoquadrupole splitting
=1.63(2) MHz for the 54Mn nuclei. 相似文献
12.
In view of current interest in the trapping of antihydrogen (
) atoms at low temperatures [1–3], we have carried out a full four-body variational calculation to determine s-wave elastic phase shifts for hydrogen antihydrogen scattering, using the Kohn Variational Principle. Terms outside the Born–Oppenheimer
approximation have been taken into account using the formalism of Kołos and Wolniewicz [4]. As far as we are aware, this is
the first time that these terms have been included in an H
scattering calculation. This is a continuation of earlier work on H–
interactions [5–7]. Preliminary results differ substantially from those calculated using the Born–Oppenheimer approximation
[8–10]. A method is outlined for reducing this discrepancy and taking the rearrangement channel into account.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
13.
A. Werthmüller A. Adamczak R. Jacot‐Guillarmod F. Mulhauser L.A. Schaller L. Schellenberg H. Schneuwly Y.‐A. Thalmann S. Tresch 《Hyperfine Interactions》1998,116(1-4):1-16
The charge exchange reaction of negative muons from the
atom to oxygen has been measured in gaseous mixtures of H2 + O2. The measurements were performed at three different relative oxygen concentrations ranging from 0.2% to 0.8% and total pressures 3.5–15 bar. A mean transfer rate of
, describing the transfer from the ground state of thermalized
atoms to oxygen, was determined. In order to investigate the energy dependence of the transfer rate, Monte Carlo simulations of the
thermalization and the muon transfer were carried out. The comparison of measured and simulated time spectra yielded an epithermal transfer rate
=3.9
1011 s-1 in the energy interval 0.12–0.22 eV. The analysis with the model of Two components shows that all measured time spectra can be reproduced with the same set of parameters. 相似文献
14.
Let
be the Haag--Kastler net generated by the
(2) chiral current algebra at level 1. We classify the SL(2,
)-covariant subsystems
by showing that they are all fixed points nets
H
for some subgroup H of the gauge automorphisms group SO(3) of
. Then, using the fact that the net
1 generated by the
(1) chiral current can be regarded as a subsystem of
, we classify the subsystems of
1. In this case, there are two distinct proper subsystems: the one generated by the energy-momentum tensor and the gauge invariant subsystem
. 相似文献
15.
G. Filoti V.M. Meriacre E. Mateescu V. Kuncser K.I. Turta 《Hyperfine Interactions》1998,116(1-4):127-136
Six new
oxo trinuclear iron(III) complexes of the type [Fe3O(R–COO)6(H2O)3]
X, where X=
or Cl– and R=C5, C7, C8, C9 were synthesized and investigated by Infra Red, Mössbauer Spectroscopy and magnetic measurements. The data pointed to a high spin state (S=5/2) for iron and for antiferromagnetic interactions. The asymmetrical shape of the Mössbauer doublet and its temperature dependence was treated using the Blume relaxation model. The relaxation process is influenced by both X and R components. 相似文献
16.
17.
F. Le Blanc 《Hyperfine Interactions》2000,127(1-4):71-78
The COMPLIS (COllaboration for spectroscopic Measurements using a Pulsed Laser Ion Source) experiment is carried out at the
ISOLDE Booster facility at CERN. The aim is to measure the hyperfine structure and the isotope shift of a series of radioactive
laser desorbed atoms by multiple step laser ionization. This technique is especially suitable for refractory elements not
directly available as beams from the isotope separator. By collecting a primary radioactive beam, it is possible to delay
the laser desorption as long as necessary to obtain the particular daughter of interest. Laser spectroscopy measurements have
been carried out on very neutron deficient gold, platinum and iridium isotopes. Magnetic moments μI, spectroscopic quadrupole moments
and changes of the nuclear mean square charge radius
along each isotopes series have been extracted. From some results, a detailed comparison with the predictions of the models
is presented.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
18.
James S. Cohen 《Hyperfine Interactions》2001,138(1-4):159-166
Cross sections for capture of negative muons (μ−) and antiprotons (
) by helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon atoms (incomplete for the two heaviest noble-gas atoms) are calculated using
the fermion molecular dynamics (FMD) method. These cross sections are used to estimate the capture ratios in mixtures, but
these ratios are not precise since the total energy-loss cross sections have not yet been determined.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
N. M. Agababyan V. V. Ammosov M. Atayan N. Grigoryan H. Gulkanyan A. A. Ivanilov Zh. Karamyan V. A. Korotkov 《Physics of Atomic Nuclei》2006,69(1):35-38
The influence of nuclear effects on the production of neutral strange particles (V
0) is investigated using the data obtained with SKAT propane-freon bubble chamber irradiated in the neutrino beam (with E
v
=3−30 GeV) at the Serpukhov accelerator. The mean multiplicity of V
0 particles in nuclear interactions,
, is found to exceed significantly that in “quasideuteron” interactions,
. The ratio of
is larger than that for π− mesons,
. It is shown that the multiplicity gain of V
0 particles can be explained by intranuclear interactions of produced pions.
The text was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
20.
Contributions of sea quark and gluon spins to the proton spin in Drell-Jahn processes and direct production of photons in proton-proton and proton-antiproton collisions are studied in the present work. Analytical expressions for two-spin asymmetries
and
are derived. In both processes, these asymmetries are studied and analyzed as functions of the kinematic variables , x
T, and x
F. Measurements of two-spin asymmetries
and
make it possible to determine the individual contributions of sea quark and gluon spins to the proton spin. 相似文献