R22-DMA热力学性质及吸收压缩式热泵系统优化

1引言吸收压缩式（SC）热泵是一种适用于变温热源的高效复合式热泵系统，比常规压缩式热泵具有工作范围广，工作压力低以及较高COP值等特点。文献出对以R22－DMA为工质的SC热泵进行了实验研究。本文则对新型工质R22－DMA的热力学性质进行研究整理，给出计算二元系统的蒸汽压、烩、摘等的实用公式；并对以其为工质的一种新型SC热泵循环进行计算机模拟优化分析，给出了实际SC热泵在典型制冷工况下的制冷性能及其优化条件。2R22－DMA的热力学性质2．1汽波相平衡R22－DMA二元系统的汽液相平衡实验数据较缺乏，文献［2］给出部分温度…     

太阳能吸收/压缩复叠双温制冷系统特性研究

根据温湿度独立控制空调系统所需冷量的品位不同,提出了一种冷量梯级利用的太阳能吸收/压缩复叠双温制冷系统,由太阳能溴化锂单效吸收制冷子系统、高温冷水循环子系统和水冷压缩制冷子系统复叠而成。建立了新系统的热力学数学模型,分析太阳能溴化锂单效吸收制冷子系统蒸发温度、发生温度和环境温度对新系统性能影响,并与传统的太阳能溴化锂单效吸收制冷(SSAR)系统和太阳能吸收/压缩复叠制冷(SAC-CR)系统进行性能比较。结果表明,存在最优的发生温度和环境温度使系统所需集热面积最小,新系统所需集热器面积均低于传统SAC-CR和SSAR系统,且新系统功耗显著低于传统SAC-CR系统,为面向温湿度独立控制空调系统应用的吸收/压缩复叠双温制冷机组研制提供理论依据。     

燃气压缩式热泵空调系统的实验研究

对采用燃气机驱动的压缩式热泵空调系统进行安装、改造及运行实验,实验的内容主要包括发动机系统的运行特性、热泵系统、整体系统的性能特性。实验结果表明,燃气机热泵是一项高效节能技术,在实验条件下其平均一次能源利用率PER为1.42;而且部分负荷特性好,可以良好的实现变速调节。     

小型节能风冷绝热吸收制冷循环研究

电压缩空调器广泛使用所带来电力供应问题及其所用工质对环境潜在影响已成为推动燃气风冷空调器发展的强大动力。为解决传统风冷管内降膜吸收燃气空调所存在的高温、高压、高浓度、结晶、腐蚀、效率偏低等问题,提出一种回收冷剂水余热、将吸收传质过程与溶液冷却传热过程分阶段进行的风冷绝热吸收制冷循环,分析室外温度、蒸发温度和高发流量比等对循环特性影响。研究结果表明,该循环是切实可行的,既节能,又能保证环境温度较高时系统稳定运行和较高能效比。     

原子在压缩光场中的吸收与色散

本文导出了一二能级原子系综与多模压缩光场相互作用的Bloch方程。在此基础上求得了原子对压缩光的吸收与色散。结果表明,对于不同的压缩条件,吸收线型呈现亚自然与超自然线宽现象。而原子的色散行为明显依赖于光场起伏的压缩方向与振幅的相干激发方向。当这两个方向不平行或垂直时,色散零点相对于原子跃迁频率发生移位。 关键词：     

海水热泵空调系统应用研究

海水热泵空调系统运行可靠、效率高、无污染,运行费用是常规空调系统的40%~50%,与电系统相比节能率在70%以上。文中对海水热泵空调系统的设计应用进行了详细的阐述,包括实施可行性、系统特点和原理,及设计方法等。旨在以一实际工程为例,对海水热泵系统的运行情况进行实验测试和分析,为该技术进一步推广积累工程经验,同时也为沿海地区将海水应用于空调系统提供一定的实验依据。     

喷淋吸收过程模型及实验研究

开式循环吸收式热泵是用于HAT循环烟气水回收的新型技术手段.本文以喷淋吸收器为对象,对应用氰化钙溶液的吸收过程进行了研究.首先通过理论建模预测了吸收过程的温度及浓度分布,并且就温度及浓度等参数的影响进行了分析;其次对喷淋吸收过程进行了实验研究并与冷却水喷淋减湿进行对照,结果表明要达到相同的吸收效果,冷却水流量要多于溶液流量5倍以上.     

吸收式热泵降膜吸收过程传热传质理论分析及实验关联

本文对吸收式热泵的降膜吸收过程中动量、能量及质量传递进行了较全面的理论分析，建立了变膜厚降膜吸收数学模型，揭示了吸收过程中热量、动量、质量传递过程间的相互作用关系并提出以ＰＥ数为核心的凝结式降膜吸收理论。依据该理论，成功地对降膜吸收过程传热实验数据进行关联，获得了实用传热计算的无因次准则公式。     

电动汽车热泵空调系统混气特性模拟实验研究

基于低温工况下的纯电动汽车热泵空调系统,为降低排气温度、提高换热性能,分别设计了中压、低压混气热泵空调系统,并建立相应系统数学模型,模拟计算系统的排气温度、换热量等主要性能参数,并与实验数据进行对比。研究表明:相对于中压混气热泵空调系统,低压混气热泵空调系统较稳定高效,更能满足电动汽车在低温环境下的需求。     

冷源方式选择对CEC影响的分析

以空调系统能耗系数CEC(Coefficient of Energy Consumption)即空调设备全年总能量消耗量与假想空调负荷累计值之比作为空调系统能耗性能评价指标,对天津地区某典型办公大楼建筑空调系统选用水源热泵和溴化锂冷热水机组条件下的能耗状况进行计算与分析。并证明了与采用水源热泵的空调系统相比较,采用溴化锂冷水机组的空调系统节电不节能。     

吸附式制冷系统中吸附工质对的探索和实验研究

介绍了吸附制冷工作原理,并对制冷空调学术界对吸附工质对的研究进展进行了分析,发现目前吸附工质对研究中相对薄弱的环节是吸附剂的导热性能。本课题以探索最佳比例混合式吸附剂为目的,开展吸附剂导热性能和吸附性能的实验研究,指出研究出兼具良好导热性能和吸附性能的吸附工质对,对提高制冷系统能效比将具有明显的促进作用。     

内燃机车司机室吸附式空调器的实验研究

本系统是一种采用分子筛－水吸附式制冷原理、以内燃机排气的余热驱动的新型空调系统。制冷系统为单吸附器结构，并通过蓄冷器，实现向内燃机车司机室连续、稳定地供冷。本文阐述了内燃机车司机室吸附式空调系统的设计原理及部分实验研究结果。     

Thermodynamic analysis data on vapour absorption heat pump working on R22-DMETEG pair

A thermodynamic analysis of the vapour absorption heat pump working on R22-DMETEG pair is made and the results are presented in the form of graphs and correlations. These data can be used to estimate the idealised system performance parameters such as heat quantities, flow rates, pump work, COP and second law efficiency. The procedure for using the data for above computations is described.     

Thermodynamic design data for absorption heat pump systems operating on water-lithium iodide—part I. Cooling

The operating temperatures in the absorption heat pump system fix the absorber and the generator concentration for a given working pair. Derived thermodynamic design data, including Carnot coefficients of performance and enthalpy-based coefficients of performance, with and without an economizer heat exchanger for possible combinations of operating temperatures, are presented for water-lithium iodide absorption systems for cooling. The effects of operating temperatures as well as economizer heat exchanger on the performance of an absorption cooler are illustrated graphically.     

Thermodynamic design and assessment of hybrid double absorption solar cooling systems

This communication presents an investigation of the thermodynamic design and feasibility assessment of hybrid double-absorption solar cooling systems. The systems considered are conventional closed-cycle and open-cycle absorption systems with an additional open-absorber component through which the process room air is passed, cooled and dehumidified. The cooling produced in the evaporator is utilized to remove heat from the open absorber as well as the process air being circulated. Thermodynamic modelling of system components for a fixed set of operating conditions and with water-LiBr as working fluid have been carried out and the system COP predicted as a function of regenerator temperature, mass flow ratio and latent heat load in the process air and the ambient air. A comparative study of the open and closed cycle options has been made and detailed parametric results are presented. It is concluded that the hybrid double-absorption solar cooling systems are better in performance than conventional systems and an open-cycle double-absorption system is even more attractive and cost effective as compared to closed-cycle option.     

Absorption heat-pump regeneration in a rankine steam cycle

This paper presents a system of regenerative heating incorporating an absorption heat pump in a Rankine steam cycle which can improve cycle efficiency. A simulation has been performed to estimate the Rankine cycle efficiency in the proposed Absorption Heat Pump Regeneration (AHPRG) heating system using the working pair R21³-DMETEG. The results show that the cycle efficiency can be improved considerably without reducing the work output by the incorporation of AHPRG for low-temperature heating of steam condensate. Further, the temperature of the heat-pump evaporator which absorbs the heat rejected at the steam condenser plays a predominant role in the cycle efficiency.     

活性炭-甲醇吸附制冰机的循环特性分析

所研究的吸附式制冰机以块状活性炭和甲醇为工质对,采用烟气加热。研究表明,对于本系统,双床循环较为合 适;双床循环中回热回质过程可以有效的改善吸附床的工作性能以及系统的热力完善度,并能将系统的制冷功率提高7％ 到11％。在循环时间为50 min时,回热回质条件下制冷功率为2 kw左右,可以实现每小时制冰15 kg左右。     

Thermodynamic assessment of an absorption heat transformer with TFE-Pyr as the working pair

An absorption heat transformer using the working pair trifluoroethanol-pyrrolidone (TFE-Pyr) is described. Trifluoroethanol is used as the working fluid and pyrrolidone is used as the absorbent. A computer simulation model is developed for the thermodynamic analysis of the heat transformer. By the verification of a group of experimental measurements, the model is used to investigate the influences of various operating conditions, design parameters and component dimensions on the performance of the heat transformer. Conclusions on the heat transformer are made according to the results of the thermodynamic assessment.     

多功能热管型二级吸附制冷的循环特性研究

设计了一台以氯化钙/活性炭复合吸附剂和氨作为吸附工质对的多功能热管型吸附制冷机组,采用一种新型的基于二次回热的二级循环方式来降低驱动热源的温度梯度,吸附床的加热解吸、冷却吸附及回热过程均由无外加驱动力的多功能热管工作完成.研究结果表明:当解吸温度为103℃及冷却水温度为30℃时,回热型二级循环相对传统二级循环可显著提高机组的工作性能,制冷系数COP及单位质量吸附剂制冷功率SCP提高幅度均在23%以上;相对单级循环,二级吸附循环的最大优点在于能有效利用更低品位的余热和可再生能源作为驱动热源进行制冷,吸附制冷技术在低温热源场合的应用提供了有效途径.     

Experimental Assessment of Latent Heat of Evaporation for Hybrid Nanofluids

Innovative use of nanoparticles in synthesis to form hybrid nanofluids is of great interest recently. This generation of nanofluids is known to improve some thermal characteristics deliberately. In the present study, evaporative behavior of hybrid nanofluids is investigated experimentally. In boiling-mode cooling systems, longer lengths of dryouts are more preferred. In this regard, enhancing the value of heat of evaporation is a target. The experiments are implemented at temperature ranging from 90 to 155?C and in the solid volume fraction range of 0–3%. It is found that the use of hybrid nanofluids to enhance the fluid stability and in consequence the fluid latent heat of evaporation (LHE) is rational just at high working pressures (higher than 400 kPa). The most effective hybrid nanofluid in this study is 2% Ag–Au, which results in max increase of 8.7% in the latent heat of evaporation.