Almost periodic solutions of second-order neutral equations with piecewise constant arguments

In this paper, we present a theorem on the almost periodic solutions of second-order neutral equations with piecewise constant arguments of the form

(x(t)+px(t−1))^″=qx([t])+f(t),${(x\left(t\right)+px(t-1))}^{″}=qx\left(\left[t\right]\right)+f\left(t\right)\text{,}$

On the reduction principle for differential equations with piecewise constant argument of generalized type

In this paper we introduce a new type of differential equations with piecewise constant argument (EPCAG), more general than EPCA [K.L. Cooke, J. Wiener, Retarded differential equations with piecewise constant delays, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 99 (1984) 265-297; J. Wiener, Generalized Solutions of Functional Differential Equations, World Scientific, Singapore, 1993]. The Reduction Principle [V.A. Pliss, The reduction principle in the theory of the stability of motion, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 27 (1964) 1297-1324 (in Russian); V.A. Pliss, Integral Sets of Periodic Systems of Differential Equations, Nauka, Moskow, 1977 (in Russian)] is proved for EPCAG. The structure of the set of solutions is specified. We establish also the existence of global integral manifolds of quasilinear EPCAG in the so-called critical case and investigate the stability of the zero solution.     

On the almost automorphy of bounded solutions of differential equations with piecewise constant argument

In this paper we give sufficient spectral conditions for the almost automorphy of bounded solutions to differential equations with piecewise constant argument of the form x^′(t)=Ax([t])+f(t), t∈R, where A is a bounded linear operator in X and f is an X-valued almost automorphic function.     

On the spectrum of almost periodic solution of second order scalar functional differential equations with piecewise constant argument

We study the spectrum containment of almost periodic solution to neutral delay differential equations with piecewise constant argument (EPCA, for short). We find an important property, which is different from that given by Cartwright for ordinary differential equations (ODE). Some known (periodic solution) results would be expanded. As a corollary, it is shown that EPCA with periodic perturbations possess a quasi-periodic solution and no periodic solution. This new phenomenon is due to the piecewise constant argument and illustrates a crucial difference between ODE and EPCA.     

The existence of pseudo-almost periodic solutions of third-order neutral differential equations with piecewise constant argument

In this paper, we present some existence theorems for pseudo-almost periodic solutions of differential equations with piecewise constant argument by means of pseudo-almost periodic solutions of relevant difference equations.     

A new almost periodic type of solutions of second order neutral delay differential equations with piecewise constant argument

A definition of pseudo almost periodic sequence is given and the existence of pseudo almost periodic sequence to difference equation is studied. Based on these, the existence of pseudo almost periodic solutions to neutral delay differential equations with piecewise constant argument is investigated     

Existence of almost periodic solutions of second order neutral delay differential equations with piecewise constant argument

By constructing almost periodic sequence solutions to difference equations, the existence of almost periodic solutions of neutral delay differential equations with piecewise constant argument

Pseudo almost periodic solutions of differential equations with piecewise constant arguments

In this paper, we give a definition of pseudo almost periodic sequence and study the existence of pseudo almost periodic sequence to difference equation. Based on these, we investigate the existence of pseudo almost periodic solutions to differential equations with piecewise constant arguments which was considered by K. L. Cooke & J. Wiener and found applications in certain biomedical problems.     

Almost periodic linear differential equations with non-separated solutions

A celebrated result by Favard states that, for certain almost periodic linear differential systems, the existence of a bounded solution implies the existence of an almost periodic solution. A key assumption in this result is the separation among bounded solutions. Here we prove a theorem of anti-Favard type: if there are bounded solutions which are non-separated (in a strong sense) sometimes almost periodic solutions do not exist. Strongly non-separated solutions appear when the associated homogeneous system has homoclinic solutions. This point of view unifies two fascinating examples by Zhikov-Levitan and Johnson for the scalar case. Our construction uses the ideas of Zhikov-Levitan together with the theory of characters in topological groups.     

Pseudo almost periodic solutions for equation with piecewise constant argument

By using the roughness theory of exponential dichotomies and the contraction mapping, some sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence and uniqueness of pseudo almost periodic solution of the above differential equation with piecewise constant argument

     

On the module containment of the almost periodic solution for a class of differential equations with piecewise constant delays

In the first part of this paper, we obtain a new property on the module containment for almost periodic functions. Based on it, we establish the module containment of an almost periodic solution for a class of differential equations with piecewise constant delays. In the second part, we investigate the existence, uniqueness and exponential stability of a positive almost periodic and quasi-periodic solution for a certain class of logistic differential equations with a piecewise constant delay. The module containment for the almost periodic solution is established.     

Oscillatory and periodic solutions of differential equations with piecewise constant generalized mixed arguments

We study scalar advanced and delayed differential equations with piecewise constant generalized arguments, in short DEPCAG of mixed type, that is, the arguments are general step functions. It is shown that the argument deviation generates, under certain conditions, oscillations of the solutions, which is an impossible phenomenon for the corresponding equation without the argument deviations. Criteria for existence of periodic solutions of such equations are discussed. New criteria extend and improve related results reported in the literature. The efficiency of our criteria is illustrated via several numerical examples and simulations.     

Green's function and comparison principles for first order periodic differential equations with piecewise constant arguments

In this paper we obtain the expression of the Green's function related with a first order periodic differential equation with piecewise constant argument. We derive comparison results for the treated linear operator by studying the sign of the obtained Green's function.     

On a new almost periodic type solution of a class of singularly perturbed differential equations with piecewise constant argument

A new class of ergodic sequences, pseudo almost periodic sequence, is introduced, and the existence of pseudo almost periodic sequence to difference equation is studied. Based on these, we investigate the existence of pseudo almost periodic solutions for a nonautonomous, singularly perturbed differential equations with piecewise constant argument.     

Pseudo almost periodic solutions for the systems of differential equations with piecewise constant argument

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of new almost periodic type solutions, so-called pseudo almost periodic solutions for the systems of differential equations with piecewise constant argument by means of introducing the notion of pseudo almost periodic vector sequences.     

Almost periodic type solutions of differential equations with piecewise constant argument via almost periodic type sequences

The existence of almost periodic, asymptotically almost periodic, and pseudo almost periodic solutions of differential equations with piecewise constant argument is characterized in terms of almost periodic, asymptotically, and pseudo almost periodic sequences. Thus Meisters's and Opial's theorems are extended.     

Stability of oscillatory solutions of differential equations with general piecewise constant arguments of mixed type

We examine scalar differential equations with general piecewise constant arguments of mixed type, in short DEPCAG of mixed type, that is, the arguments are general step functions. Criteria of existence of the oscillatory and nonoscillatory solutions of such equations are proposed. Necessary and sufficient conditions for stability of the zero solution are obtained. Our results are new, extend and improve earlier publications. Several numerical examples and simulations are also given to show the feasibility of our results.     

Existence theorem of periodic solutions for a delay nonlinear differential equation with piecewise constant arguments

Existence criteria are proved for the periodic solutions of a first order nonlinear differential equation with piecewise constant arguments.