核磁共振技术结合模式识别对中药马兜铃酸亚急性生化效应的研究

利用核磁共振技术结合模式识别方法,研究了马兜铃酸(AristolochicAcid,AA)的亚急性生化效应.大鼠连续5日腹腔注射马兜铃酸后,不同时间段尿液¹HNMR谱显示与肾小管及肾乳头受损相关的标记物(NMRmarker)浓度有显著变化;铬酸钠、氯化汞、二溴乙胺、盐酸肼和异硫氰酸-α-萘酯,并利用主成分分析法对造成的肝肾损伤模型组、AA组和对照组的大鼠尿液¹HNMR谱解析和分类.¹HNMR谱中各种代谢物的谱峰强度变化及主成分分析结果均显示,马兜铃酸引起的肾损伤与肾小管及肾乳头损伤模型类似,且随给药量的积累,肾损伤范围扩大程度加深,引起肾脏不可逆损伤.该方法可用于中药的毒理学研究.     

Metabolomic Profiling of Serum from Human Pancreatic Cancer Patients Using <Superscript>1</Superscript>H NMR Spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor with the worst prognosis among all cancers. At the time of diagnosis, surgical cure is no longer a feasible option for most patients, thus early detection of pancreatic cancer is crucial for its treatment. Metabolomics is a powerful new analytical approach to detect the metabolome of cells, tissue, or biofluids. Here, we report the application of ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) combined with principal components analysis to discriminate pancreatic cancer patients from healthy controls based on metabolomic profiling of the serum. The metabolic analysis revealed significant lower of 3-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxyisovalerate, lactate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide as well as significant higher level of isoleucine, triglyceride, leucine, and creatinine in the serum from pancreatic cancer patients compared to that of healthy controls. Our data demonstrate that the subtle differences in metabolite profiles in serum of pancreatic cancer patients and that of healthy subjects as a result of physiological and pathological variations could be identified by NMR-based metabolomics and exploited as metabolic markers for the early detection of pancreatic cancer.     

基于1HNMR给药赭石后大鼠尿液的代谢组学分析

基于1H NMR 的代谢组学方法结合多变量数据分析方法(主成分分析和偏最小二乘判别分析)对灌胃给药赭石(2,5和10 g/ kg 体重剂量)的成年 Wistar 大鼠尿液进行分析,并对大鼠给药前1天、给药后1~5天尿液1 H NMR 数据进行单变量比较分析,筛选出赭石的潜在特征代谢物,对赭石引起的代谢变化进行研究,为赭石的科学用药提供依据。结果表明,大鼠体内柠檬酸、牛磺酸、肌酸酐、α-酮戊二酸、琥珀酸、二甲基甘氨酸等代谢物浓度发生明显变化,随给药时间的变化出现恢复趋势,且恢复趋势与给药剂量相关,可作为赭石的潜在特征代谢物。给药2,5和10 g/ kg 体重剂量赭石降低了大鼠机体三羧酸循环能力,影响了能量、肌酸及二甲基甘氨酸的代谢,且10 g/ kg 体重剂量赭石对大鼠肝功能造成一定影响。     

亚硒酸钠对大鼠代谢产物影响的核磁共振研究

本文采用核磁共振(^1H NMR)技术研究了在最高耐受摄入量条件下补充亚硒酸钠对大鼠尿液代谢产物的影响。结果表明,在大鼠尿液中甲酸、乙酸、乳酸、丙氨酸、琥珀酸、甘氨酸、马尿酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸等代谢物谱峰信号显著增强,而柠檬酸、肌酸、尿素、尿甘素和氧化三甲胺(TAMO)的谱峰信号则显著降低。乳酸、柠檬酸和琥珀酸是体内三羧酸循环的中间产物,其代谢异常是能量代谢紊乱的标志;马尿酸、苯丙氨酸、丙氨酸的代谢异常与肾小球的滤过和回收功能有关;乙酸和甘氨酸的代谢异常则是肝功能损伤的标志,组织切片的结果也证明大鼠的肝和肾已经发生损伤,与^1H NMR的结果相一致。采用HPLC检测到补充亚硒酸钠后尿液中8-OHdG(8-hydroxy1-2′-deoxyguansoine)水平显著升高,证明体内氧化损伤的发生。以上结果表明,在最高耐受摄入量条件下补充亚硒酸钠是不安全的,用NMR方法对阐明硒的毒理学分子基础是有效的。     

Urine NMR Metabolomic Study on Biochemical Activities to Investigate the Effect of P. betle Extract on Obese Rats

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - The present studies are to evaluate the ability of PB to induce weight loss and urine metabolite profile of Piper betle L. (PB) leaf extracts using...     

1H AND 31P NMR Spectroscopy of Agrocinopine

The ¹H NMR data of agrocinopine in D₂O solution as extracted from standard 2D NMR experiments, along with 1D ³¹P and ¹³C NMR experiments allow to support the trisaccharide structure originally proposed on basis of comparative ¹³C NMR measurements.     

High-Resolution 1H NMR Spectroscopy of Organic Matter of Carbonate-Chara Sapropel

The structural-group composition of samples of organic matter of Chara sapropel and Characeae algae was studied by ¹H NMR.     

不同批次SD大鼠血清的代谢组学比较

基于核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)的代谢组学及多元统计等技术分析不同饲养时期的健康SD大鼠血清,探讨了不同批次的实验动物在机体代谢上的差异性。结果表明不同批次的SD大鼠血清代谢物中,柠檬酸、丙酮酸、琥珀酸、谷氨酰胺、二甲基甘氨酸等成分的含量相对稳定,而丙氨酸、精氨酸、异亮氨酸、乳酸、3-羟基丁酸、胆碱等成分的含量易波动。进一步分析得出,氨基酸代谢、酮体代谢、胆碱代谢等体内代谢途径在不同批次大鼠间存在一定的波动性。该研究为评价健康大鼠之间的批次一致性提供了一种新的思路,也为准确地确定血液生物标志物奠定了基础。     

核磁共振技术及模式识别对硝酸镥急性毒性的研究

通过分析Wistar大鼠灌胃0.2,2,10和100mg/kg体重硝酸镥[Lu(NO₃)3]48h内尿液的¹HNMR谱,研究了重稀土化合物Lu(NO₃)3在大鼠体内的急性生物效应.以氯化汞、铬酸钠、四氯化碳、盐酸肼和异硫氰酸-α-萘酯为模型药物,利用模式识别技术解析大鼠尿液的¹HNMR谱,对不同剂量Lu(NO₃)3的生物效应进行了分类.结果表明,应用核磁共振和模式识别相结合的方法,可清楚地认识稀土化合物生物效应,低剂量Lu(NO₃)3(0.2,2mg/kg体重)的毒性与肾毒化合物铬酸钠类似,而高剂量Lu(NO₃)3(10,100mg/kg体重)归入肝毒化合物四氯化碳组.该方法也可用于其它金属化合物及中药等药物的毒理学研究.     

素食人群尿液1H NMR代谢轮廓的多因素方差分析

结合方差分析(ANOVA)和偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)两种分析技术,对素食和普食人群的尿液1H NMR谱进行分析.利用ANOVA方法将数据矩阵分解为几个独立因素矩阵,滤除干扰因素后,再利用PLS-DA对单因素数据进行建模分析.实验结果表明,ANOVA/PLS-DA方法可以有效地减少饮食因素和性别因素之间的相互...     

~1H NMR谱中质子的化学等价性和磁等价性问题探讨

对1H NMR谱中质子的化学等价性和磁等价性问题进行了探讨,介绍了其意义和比较简便的判断方法,通过实例指出了该部分内容教学中容易忽视的一些问题。     

High resolution 13C and 1H NMR spectral analysis of 1-azafluorene

An analysis of the ¹H and ¹³C spectra of 1-azafluorene has been carried out using computer calculations and homo- and heteronuclear double resonance techniques. The ⁴J, ⁵J and ⁶J long-range coupling constants of the 9-CH₂ group protons with the protons of the pyridine and the phenylene rings have been observed and measured. The long-range J(CH) values in the ¹H coupled ¹³C spectrum have been assigned and measured on a first-order basis.     

Detection and Chiral Recognition of α‐Hydroxyl Acid through 1H and CEST NMR Spectroscopy Using a Ytterbium Macrocyclic Complex

Chiral α‐hydroxyl acids are of great importance in chemical synthesis. Current methods for recognizing their chirality by ¹H NMR are limited by their small chemical shift differences and intrinsic solubility problem in organic solvents. Herein, we developed three YbDO3A(ala)₃ derivatives to recognize four different commercially available chiral α‐hydroxyl acids in aqueous solution through ¹H NMR and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) spectroscopy. The shift difference between chiral α‐hydroxyl acid observed by proton and CEST NMR ranged from 15–40 and 20–40 ppm, respectively. Our work demonstrates for first time, that even one chiral center on the side‐arm chain of cyclen could set the stage for rotation of the other two non‐chiral side chains into a preferred position. This is ascribed to the lower energy state of the structure. The results show that chiral YbDO3A‐like complexes can be used to discriminate chiral α‐hydroxyl acids with a distinct signal difference.     

Structure Determination of Cellulose Esters via Subsequent Functionalization and NMR Spectroscopy

New paths for the fast and reliable analysis of cellulose esters (CE) via subsequent functionalization and ¹H NMR spectroscopy were studied. Perpropionylation of the CE is an inexpensive and efficient method. For cellulose diacetates used as representative ester well resolved ¹H NMR spectra were obtained, which can be used for the calculation of the over all degree of substitution (DS) and the partial DS values at position 2, 3, and 6. No transesterification occurs during the subsequent acylation and a standard deviation of S² = 1.32 x 10⁻⁴ was found for a series of experiments. In case of more complex ester structures especially with extended aliphatic moieties per-4-nitrobenzoylation need to be applied prior to NMR measurements. The spectra obtained can be completely assigned and applied for the calculation of DS values.     

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Cepoperazone in Serum and Urine

Abstract

A high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the quantitative analysis of cefoperazone in serum and urine. Standard curves were linear over the range of concentrations 2–30 μg/ml and a good correlation was established between the amount of cefoperazone injected and peak height. The mean percentage analytical recovery of cefoperazone was 96.3% and the mean within day coefficient of variation in serum was 2.8%. Serum and urine components, as well as several beta-lactam antibiotics, did not interfere with the measurement of cefoperazone. This is a rapid, reproducible, and sensitive assay suitable for use in pharmacokinetic studies.     

Oleocanthal Quantification Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy and Polyphenols HPLC Analysis of Olive Oil from the Bianchera/Belica Cultivar

The cultivar Bianchera is an autochthonous variety from the eastern part of northern Italy, but it is also cultivated in the Slovenian and Croatian peninsula of Istria where it is named Belica (Slovenia) and Bjelica (Croatia). The properties of oleocanthal, a natural anti-inflammatory ibuprofen-like compound found in commercial monocultivar extra virgin olive oils, were determined by means of both quantitative ¹H NMR (qNMR) and HPLC analyses, where qNMR was identified as a rapid and reliable method for determining the oleocanthal content. The total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by means of the Folin–Ciocalteau method and the major phenols present in the olive oils were also quantified by means of HPLC analyses. All these analyses confirmed that the cultivar Bianchera was very rich in polyphenols and satisfied the health claim provided by the EU Commission Regulation on the polyphenols content of olive oils and their beneficial effects on human health.     

Classification of Wines Based on Combination of ^1H NMR Spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis

A combination of ^1H nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectroscopy and principal component analysis （PCA） has shown the potential for being a useful method for classification of type, production origin or geographic origin of wines. In this preliminary study, twenty-one bottled wines were classified/separated for their location of production in Shacheng, Changli and Yantai, and the types of the blended, medium dry, dry white and dry red wines, using the NMR-PCA method. The wines were produced by three subsidiary companies of an enterprise according to the same national standard. The separation was believed to be mainly due to the fermentation process for different wines and environmental variations, such as local climate, soil, underground water, sunlight and rainfall. The major chemicals associated with the separation were identified.