A new model transformation method and its application to extending a class of stability criteria of neutral type systems

This paper proposes a generalized equivalent model transformation method, which can include methods proposed by Fridman et al. and Bellen et al., for the stability analysis of a class of neutral type systems. By using the proposed model transformation method, a class of existing stability criteria derived by the Lyapunov functional approach can be extended to less conservative ones in terms of nonlinear matrix inequalities. Furthermore, procedures to solve these nonlinear matrix inequalities are also proposed. Illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model transformation method.     

The nonlinear boundary layer to the Boltzmann equation for cutoff soft potential with physical boundary condition

We consider the nonlinear boundary layer to the Boltzmann equation for cutoff soft potential with physical boundary condition, i.e., the Dirichlet boundary condition with weak diffuse effect. Under the assumption that the distribution function of gas particles tends to a global Maxwellian in the far field, we will show the boundary layer exist if the boundary data satisfy the solvability condition. Moreover, the codimensions of the boundary data which satisfies the solvability condition change with the Mach number of the far field Maxwellian like Chen et al. (2004) [5], Ukai et al. (2003) [6] and Wang et al. (2007) [7].     

Analysis of a class of nonlinear subdivision schemes and associated multiresolution transforms

This paper is devoted to the convergence and stability analysis of a class of nonlinear subdivision schemes and associated multiresolution transforms. As soon as a nonlinear scheme can be written as a specific perturbation of a linear and convergent subdivision scheme, we show that if some contractivity properties are satisfied, then stability and convergence can be achieved. This approach is applied to various schemes, which give different new results. More precisely, we study uncentered Lagrange interpolatory linear schemes, WENO scheme (Liu et al., J Comput Phys 115:200–212, 1994), PPH and Power-P schemes (Amat and Liandrat, Appl Comput Harmon Anal 18(2):198–206, 2005; Serna and Marquina, J Comput Phys 194:632–658, 2004) and a nonlinear scheme using local spherical coordinates (Aspert et al., Comput Aided Geom Des 20:165–187, 2003). Finally, a stability proof is given for the multiresolution transform associated to a nonlinear scheme of Marinov et al. (2005).     

Two-step Newton methods

We present sufficient convergence conditions for two-step Newton methods in order to approximate a locally unique solution of a nonlinear equation in a Banach space setting. The advantages of our approach over other studies such as Argyros et al. (2010) [5], Chen et al. (2010) [11], Ezquerro et al. (2000) [16], Ezquerro et al. (2009) [15], Hernández and Romero (2005) [18], Kantorovich and Akilov (1982) [19], Parida and Gupta (2007) [21], Potra (1982) [23], Proinov (2010) [25], Traub (1964) [26] for the semilocal convergence case are: weaker sufficient convergence conditions, more precise error bounds on the distances involved and at least as precise information on the location of the solution. In the local convergence case more precise error estimates are presented. These advantages are obtained under the same computational cost as in the earlier stated studies. Numerical examples involving Hammerstein nonlinear integral equations where the older convergence conditions are not satisfied but the new conditions are satisfied are also presented in this study for the semilocal convergence case. In the local case, numerical examples and a larger convergence ball are obtained.     

Solitary waves for the Klein-Gordon-Maxwell system with critical exponent

In this paper we study the existence of solutions for nonlinear Klein-Gordon-Maxwell equations coupled with Maxwell’s equations when the nonlinearity exhibits critical growth. We improve some previous existence results in Azzollini et al. (2009) [5], Carrião et al. (2009) [4] and Cassani (2004) [3].     

Parameter identification in multistage population dynamics model

We present a numerical analysis to solve a parameter identification problem. We identify the demographical parameters of a multistage population dynamics model (Ainseba et al., 2011 [12]). Our nonlinear optimization problem with constraints is solved by a Quasi-Newton method. The convergence proof of this numerical method is performed here. Some numerical applications of it are also given at the end of the paper.     

Elements of Metrodynamics: the General Setting

In this paper we generalize the study started in (Brackx et al., Oper Theory Adv Appl, Birkh?user, Basel (2006)) by considering the general case of a nonsingular metric, not necessarily symmetric. We show how this general case allows to derive several interesting cases: besides the symmetric case (see also Brackx et al., 2006) we study the symplectic case and several other systems.     

DrAmpl: a meta solver for optimization problem analysis

Optimization problems modeled in the AMPL modeling language (Fourer et al., in AMPL: a modeling language for mathematical programming, 2002) may be examined by a set of tools found in the AMPL Solver Library (Gay, in Hooking your solver to AMPL, 1997). DrAmpl is a meta solver which, by use of the AMPL Solver Library, dissects such optimization problems, obtains statistics on their data, is able to symbolically prove or numerically disprove convexity of the functions involved and provides aid in the decision for an appropriate solver. A problem is associated with a number of relevant solvers available on the NEOS Server for Optimization (Czyzyk et al., in IEEE J Comput Sci Eng 5:68–75, 1998) by means of a relational database. We describe the need for such a tool, the design of DrAmpl and some of its consequences, and keep in mind that a similar tool could be developed for other algebraic modeling languages.     

On the asymptotic behavior of the principal eigenvalues of some elliptic problems

This paper is concerned with nonself-adjoint elliptic problems involving indefinite weights and boundary conditions of the Dirichlet, Neumann or Robin type. We study the asymptotic behavior of the principal eigenvalues, when the first order term (drift term) becomes larger and larger. The basic results of Berestycki et al. (Commun. Math. Phys., 253:451–480, 2005) are extended to the present context. Moreover, answers are provided to some open problems raised in Berestycki et al. (Commun. Math. Phys., 253:451–480, 2005).     

Planar graphs without triangles adjacent to cycles of length from 4 to 7 are 3-colorable

It is known that planar graphs without cycles of length from 4 to 7 are 3-colorable (Borodin et al., 2005) [13] and that planar graphs in which no triangles have common edges with cycles of length from 4 to 9 are 3-colorable (Borodin et al., 2006) [11]. We give a common extension of these results by proving that every planar graph in which no triangles have common edges with k-cycles, where k∈{4,5,7} (or, which is equivalent, with cycles of length 3, 5 and 7), is 3-colorable.     

The existence of minimal large positive solutions for a class of nonlinear cooperative systems

In this paper we establish the existence of the minimal large positive solution for a general class of nonlinear cooperative systems including the simplest prototype of García-Melián et al. (2016). Precisely, based on the existence of a large positive supersolution, we can infer the existence of the minimal large positive solution. Moreover, we also give some sufficient easily computable conditions for the existence of a large positive supersolution. Our results generalize, very substantially, some of the findings of García-Melián et al. (2016) adopting a rather novel methodology.     

A new discrete dynamical system of signed integer partitions

In Brylawski (1973) Brylawski described the covering property for the domination order on non-negative integer partitions by means of two rules. Recently, in Bisi et al. (in press), Cattaneo et al. (2014), Cattaneo et al. (2015) the two classical Brylawski covering rules have been generalized in order to obtain a new lattice structure in the more general signed integer partition context. Moreover, in Cattaneo et al. (2014), Cattaneo et al. (2015), the covering rules of the above signed partition lattice have been interpreted as evolution rules of a discrete dynamical model of a two-dimensional p–n semiconductor junction in which each positive number represents a distribution of holes (positive charges) located in a suitable strip at the left semiconductor of the junction and each negative number a distribution of electrons (negative charges) in a corresponding strip at the right semiconductor of the junction. In this paper we introduce and study a new sub-model of the above dynamical model, which is constructed by using a single vertical evolution rule. This evolution rule describes the natural annihilation of a hole–electron pair at the boundary region of the two semiconductors. We prove several mathematical properties of such new discrete dynamical model and we provide a discussion of its physical properties.     

Preference-based unawareness

Morris, 1996, Morris, 1997 introduced preference-based definitions of knowledge and belief in standard state-space structures. This paper extends this preference-based approach to unawareness structures (Heifetz et al., 2006, Heifetz et al., 2008). By defining unawareness and knowledge in terms of preferences over acts in unawareness structures and showing their equivalence to the epistemic notions of unawareness and knowledge, we try to build a bridge between decision theory and epistemic logic. Unawareness of an event is characterized behaviorally as the event being null and its negation being null.     

Semiparametric analysis based on weighted estimating equations for transformation models with missing covariates

Missing covariate data are very common in regression analysis. In this paper, the weighted estimating equation method (Qi et al., 2005) [25] is used to extend the so-called unified estimation procedure (Chen et al., 2002) [4] for linear transformation models to the case of missing covariates. The non-missingness probability is estimated nonparametrically by the kernel smoothing technique. Under missing at random, the proposed estimators are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal, with the asymptotic variance estimated consistently by the usual plug-in method. Moreover, the proposed estimators are more efficient than the weighted estimators with the inverse of true non-missingness probability as weight. Finite sample performance of the estimators is examined via simulation and a real dataset is analyzed to illustrate the proposed methods.     

Global existence and nonexistence for diffusive polytropic filtration equations with nonlinear boundary conditions

In this paper, we deal with the global existence and nonexistence of solutions to a diffusive polytropic filtration system with nonlinear boundary conditions. By constructing various kinds of sub- and super-solutions and using the basic properties of M-matrix, we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for global existence of nonnegative solutions, which extend the recent results of Li et al. (Z Angew Math Phys 60:284–298, 2009) and Wang et al. (Nonlinear Anal 71:2134–2140, 2009) to more general equations and simplify their proofs slightly.     

Exponential inequalities and inverse moment for NOD sequence

Some exponential inequalities for a negatively orthant dependent sequence are obtained. By using the exponential inequalities, we study the asymptotic approximation of inverse moment for negatively orthant dependent random variables, which generalizes and improves the corresponding results of Kaluszka and Okolewski [Kaluszka, M., Okolewski, A., 2004. On Fatou-type lemma for monotone moments of weakly convergent random variables. Statist. Probab. Lett. 66, 45–50], Hu et al. [Hu, S.H., Chen, G.J., Wang, X.J., Chen, E.B., 2007. On inverse moments of nonnegative weakly convergent random variables. Acta Math. Appl. Sin. 30, 361–367(in Chinese)] and Wu et al. [Wu, T.J., Shi, X.P., Miao, B.Q., 2009. Asymptotic approximation of inverse moments of nonnegative random variables. Statist. Probab. Lett. 79, 1366–1371].     

Secure implementation in production economies

This paper shows that, in production economies, the generalized serial social choice functions defined by Shenker (1992) are securely implementable (in the sense of  Saijo et al., 2007) and that they include the well-known fixed path social choice functions.     

Preserving the Rothschild–Stiglitz type increase in risk with background risk: A characterization

In order to generalize previous results by Li et al. (2016), Guo et al. (2016) extended the definition of the Rothschild–Stiglitz type of increase in risk to a background risk framework. They provided several sufficient conditions for such a ranking to hold, involving expectation dependence concepts. In this short note, the corresponding characterizations are established, based on the bivariate higher-degree increasing concave orders introduced by Denuit et al. (1999).     

Optimal rejection curves for exact false discovery rate control

Finner et al. (2012) provided multiple hypothesis testing procedures based on a nonlinear rejection curve for exact false discovery rate control. This paper constructs classes of such procedures and compares the most powerful procedure in each class to competing procedures.