Significance of Stefan blowing effect on flow and heat transfer of Casson nanofluid over a moving thin needle

The current mathematical model explains the influence of non-linear thermal radiation on the Casson liquid flow over a moving thin needle by considering Buongiorno's nanofluid model.The influences of Stefan blowing, Dufour and Soret effects are also considered in the model. The equations which represent the described flow pattern are reduced to ordinary differential equations(ODEs) by using apt similarity transformations and then they are numerically solved with Runge–Kutta-Fehlberg's fourth fifth-order method(RKF-45) with shooting process. The impacts of pertinent parameters on thermal, mass and velocity curves are deliberated graphically.Skin friction, rate of heat and mass transfer are also discussed graphically. Results reveal that, the increase in values of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, Dufour number, heating and radiative parameters improves the heat transfer. The increasing values of the Schmidt number deteriorates the mass transfer but a converse trend is seen for increasing values of the Soret number. Finally,the escalating values of the radiative parameter decays the rate of heat transfer.     

含相变材料玻璃类围护结构传热系数分析

建立太阳辐射加热下含半透明相变材料类玻璃围护结构的一维相变导热和辐射耦合稳态传热模型,采用控制容积法结合布格尔定律,数值求解含相变材料玻璃围护结构内部的能量传递,分析相变材料的辐射物性参数和室内外环境因素对其传热系数的影响.结果表明,计算相变材料类玻璃围护结构传热系数需要考虑其半透明性;传热系数不仅受物性参数和环境因素的影响,还与材料的液相率与透光率等因素有关.     

The effect of magnetic fields on the stability of a cylindrical flow with mass and heat transfer

The effect of axial and radial magnetic fields on the Kelvin-Helmholtz stability of a cylindrical interface between the vapor and liquid phases of a fluid is studied when the vapor is hotter than the liquid and the two phases are enclosed between two cylindrical surfaces coaxial with the interface, and when there is mass and heat transfer across the interface. Both axisymmetric and asymmetric disturbances are considered. The linear dispersion relations are obtained and discussed. It is found that a uniform axial magnetic field has a stabilizing effect on the interface, while the effect of a radial magnetic field depends strongly on the choice of some physical parameters of the system. It is also found that the instability criterion is independent of heat and mass transfer coefficient, but it is different fromthat in the same problem without heat and mass transfer. Finally, the heat and mass transfer has a destabilizing influence on the system.     

Impact of non-uniform heat sink/source and convective condition in radiative heat transfer to Oldroyd-B nanofluid: A revised proposed relation

Nanofluids are embryonic as auspicious thermo liquids for application of heat transfer which have been scrutinized precisely, in current eons. Thermo-physical properties of these liquids have noteworthy stimulus on their heat transfer features. The manifestation of dense nanoparticles in the base liquid ominously intensifies the effective liquid thermal conductivity and therefore heightens the features of heat transfer. The highest attention of this exertion is to investigate the features of nanoparticles mass flux conditions and non-uniform heat sink/source on magnetite Oldroyd-B nanofluid. Additionally, heat convective and thermal radiation mechanisms are considered. Homotopic approach has been established for the solution of non-linear structures. The upshots elucidate that the Brownian and thermophrosis nanoparticles exaggerate the temperature field, however analogous tendency is being noted for thermal radiation and non-uniform heat sink/source parameters. This exertion also investigated that the concentration of Oldroyd-B nanofluid decline for curvature parameter and augment for thermophrosis parameter. In addition, for the endorsement of up-to-date derived clarifications a comparison table of skin friction coefficient is organized in limiting circumstances.     

载气汽油蒸汽在水平圆管内的冷凝

研究了空气质量含量在2%~13%,汽油蒸汽和空气的混合气体在水平管内的冷凝换热。并分析了不凝气体质量分数对管内冷凝换热的影响规律。得到Co随Re变化的冷凝换热系数的实验关联式。     

Boiling heat transfer of refrigerant R-21 in upward flow in plate-fin heat exchanger

The article presents the results of experimental investigation of boiling heat transfer of refrigerant R-21 in upward flow in a vertical plate-fin heat exchanger with transverse size of the channels that is smaller than the capillary constant. The heat transfer coefficients obtained in ranges of small mass velocities and low heat fluxes, which are typical of the industry, have been poorly studied yet. The characteristic patterns of the upward liquid-vapor flow in the heat exchanger channels and the regions of their existence are detected. The obtained data show a weak dependence of heat transfer coefficient on equilibrium vapor quality, mass flow rate, and heat flux density and do not correspond to calculations by the known heat transfer models. A possible reason for this behavior is a decisive influence of evaporation of thin liquid films on the heat transfer at low heat flux.     

Heat transfer in boiling of refrigerant R-21 in a downward flow in an assembly of minichannels

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of heat transfer in boiling of refrigerant R-21 in a downward flow in a vertical assembly of minichannels of a plate-fin heat exchanger. Characteristic regimes of vapor-liquid flow and heat transfer coefficients have been obtained for the case of plain fins in the ranges of low mass velocities and heat fluxes that are typical of the industry but poorly studied. The obtained data show no significant dependence of the heat transfer coefficient on the heat flux density and mass velocity, which may be explained by the decisive effect of the evaporation of thin liquid film on the heat transfer at low heat flux density.     

液氮流动沸腾换热研究综述

作为一种优良的低温冷却剂,液氮在航天、电子工业、超导磁体和超导电缆冷却及低温生物医疗等领域应用广泛。在这些应用中,准确预测液氮的流动沸腾换热特性对于系统设计和安全运行十分重要。该文主要介绍了液氮流动沸腾换热的特点,对已有的实验和数值模拟结果进行了归纳;并比较了四个液氮流动沸腾换热计算关联式的预测情况,以及关联式中干度、质量流量、热流密度和压力对换热系数的影响;指出了有待进一步研究的课题。     

Heat and mass transfer at adiabatic evaporation of binary zeotropic solutions

Results of numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer in a laminar flow of three-component gas at adiabatic evaporation of binary solutions from a flat plate are presented. The studies were carried out for the perfect solution of ethanol/methanol and zeotrope solutions of water/acetone, benzene/acetone, and ethanol/acetone. The liquid-vapor equilibrium is described by the Raoult law for the ideal solution and Carlson–Colburn model for real solutions. The effect of gas temperature and liquid composition on the heat and diffusion flows, and temperature of vapor-gas mixture at the interface is analyzed. The formula for calculating the temperature of the evaporation surface for the binary liquid mixtures using the similarity of heat and mass transfer was proposed. Data of numerical simulations are in a good agreement with the results of calculations based on the proposed dependence for all examined liquid mixtures in the considered range of temperatures and pressures.     

HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER AND WALL SHEAR STRESS IN VERTICAL GAS-LIQUID FLOW

Results of an experimental investigation of heat and mass transfer and wall shear stress at gas-liquid flow in a vertical tube are presented. Local wall shear stress and mass transfer coefficients were measured by an electrochemical method. Experiments were performed in the range of Reynolds number variation with respect to liquid Rc_i, = 8.5 × 10³-5.4 × 10⁴, gas Re_g = 3 × 10³-1.4 × 10⁵, pressure 0.1-1 MPa. The relationship between heat and mass transfer and wall shear at gas-liquid flows is shown to exist. The results of measuring heat and mass transfer coefficients are generalized by formulas applied to calculate heat and mass transfer in single-phase turbulent flow.     

Casson fluid flow: Free convective heat and mass transfer over an unsteady permeable stretching surface considering viscous dissipation

The present study investigates a Casson fluid flow in the presence of free convection of combined heat and mass transfer toward an unsteady permeable stretching sheet with thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and chemical reaction. The governing partial differential equations are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations and then solved by an efficient Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method. The dimensionless velocity is decreased by increasing values of the chemical reaction and magnetic parameter while fluid temperature is significantly reduced by increasing values of the Prandtl number. The heat transfer rate is reduced with increasing values of thermal radiation and magnetic parameters.     

Radiative-Convective Heat Transfer in Discharge Chamber at Turbulent Gas Flow

In the paper radiative-convective heat transfer in electric arc flowed through by Ar in the discharge chamber is studied. The equation system for heat, mass and momentum transfer in boundary layer approximation is considered, and the turbulence model with radiation pulsation and electrodynamic values is suggested. By solution of the equation system with the help of finite differences method distributions of temperature, heat flows and turbulent transfer coefficients over chamber length were obtained. The radiation and turbulence influence on the electric arc characteristics is analysed.     

雾化喷射冷却的机理及模型研究

雾化喷射冷却的换热机理十分复杂,目前其研究还很不成熟。本文从喷射雾滴的特性参数出发,以被冷却表面上形成的喷射液膜为对象,考虑了冷却液体向环境的散热,建立质量、能量守恒方程,得到半经验半解析的雾化喷射换热模型。其中,本文提出真换热系数和显换热系数的概念,认为显换热系数受空间散热影响,而真换热系数只与喷雾动量有关。最后设计了雾化喷射局部换热实验,对模型进行检验,结果表明,该模型能够较好地符合实验所得的换热系数及加热面表面温度沿喷射半径的分布趋势。     

BOILING HEAT TRANSFER MECHANISMS IN A HORIZONTAL TUBE BUNDLE

The effect of thermal environment on boiling heat transfer performance in a section of a horizontal tube bundle was investigated using R-113 as the working fluid. The in-line tube bundle has five columns and 27 rows with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.3. Heal transfer coefficients obtained from the instrumented tube in the tube bundle with only one tube heated while the other tubes remained unhealed and with all the lubes in the bundle heated are reported for a range of heat flux, pressure, mass flow rate, and quality. The results showed that heat transfer coefficient of a tube in a heated bundle is slightly higher than that in an unhealed bundle, with the variation of heat transfer coefficient decreasing as heat flux, mass flow rate, or pressure increased. It was also found that higher quality would tend to improve the heat transfer. However, the effect of quality disappeared as heat flux, mass flow rate, and pressure increased. Based on the experimental data, the mechanism of the heat transfer augment due to thermal environment was analyzed. It was proposed that fluid agitation and thin liquid film formation are two main factors for a heated bundle to have better transfer performance than an unhealed bundle,     

管内两层介质入口段扩散混合的耦合换热研究

对圆管内辐射物性不同的两层介质层流入口段,采用SIMPLEC算法与蒙特卡罗法数值模拟了二维稳态流动与扩散混合时的辐射-对流耦合换热。通过计算,分析了介质层几何参数、介质物性与流动参数对组份分布与耦合换热的影响。结果表明,介质组分的扩散混合对耦合换热存在明显的影响区域,且该影响区大于组分的扩散混合区;外层介质的吸收系数、入口截面的相对厚度对耦合换热的影响基本一致;质扩散系数对耦合换热的影响很小,入口雷诺数的增加会抑制质扩散。     

气流床气化炉壁面熔渣行为模拟

本文对气流床煤气化炉内高温合成气和壁面渣层的流动与传热传质过程进行了分析,建立了渣层流动、传热传质和相变数理模型,采用VOF方法对渣层和气体之间自由界面进行追踪,采用射线追踪方法(DTRM)计算辐射换热,采用焓法计算渣层相变,熔融态渣滴在渣层表面的沉积通过源项引入.应用所建立的数学模型对实验室规模的Texaco煤气化炉进行了模拟.结果表明:气化炉壁面换热系数从上到下先增加再减少最后再增加;炉膛温度升高,固态渣层厚度减少;壁面温度升高,固态渣层厚度减少.     

FORCED-CONVECTION HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER FROM COMPLEX SURFACES

Abstract

Heat and mass transfer rates from complex surfaces to a turbulent channel flow were measured using an infrared imaging system and the naphthalene sublimation technique, respectively. The surfaces are composed of spherical particles embedded either in a layer of thermally conducting, nonevaporating liquid or in an isothermal layer of subliming naphthalene. The experimental results indicate that, in general, the surface heat and mass transfer coefficients vary as the surface roughness increases, whereas the surface heat transfer coefficient changes as the solid-to-liquid thermal conductivity ratio is varied. Mass transfer rates exhibit less sensitivity to variations in the naphthalene height for surfaces composed of smaller particles, and heat transfer rates from surfaces of smaller particles remain fairly constant as the liquid level and thermal conductivity ratios are varied. The results are discussed relative to drying of partially wetted surfaces with surface complexity induced by the presence of droplets upon an impermeable substrate or a receding moisture front in a bed of granular material.     

The influence of radiation heat exchange on characteristics of liquid fuel ignition by a heated metal particle

A complex of interrelated heat-mass transfer processes at gas-phase ignition of a typical liquid fuel by a hot metal particle immersed partially into a liquid is investigated numerically. The scale of influence of the radiation heat exchange at particle—liquid fuel and particle—gas—vapor mixture interfaces is found. Conditions under which the impact of this factor can be neglected are determined.     

太阳辐照对静止水面稳态蒸发的影响

针对低风速下静止水面的蒸发过程,考虑水面与气流的对流传热传质、水体对太阳能辐射的容积内光谱吸收及内部传热,建立分析太阳辐照作用的水面稳态蒸发模型.采用控制容积法结合蒙特卡洛法和谱带模型数值求解水体内部、表面、气流之间的能量传递与质交换.分析空气湿度、温度、流速及正逆温差下,太阳辐照强度对于水面蒸发的影响.结果表明,太阳辐照强度对低风速下静止水面蒸发的影响很大.     

竖直平壁上双组分混合液膜态沸腾换热解析研究

本文应用近似解析方法对双组分混合液在竖直平壁上的膜态沸腾换热进行了理论分析,得到了其平均膜态换热系数的解析计算式,并通过三种典型的双组分混合液例证了传质过程对换热的影响。