6—硝基喹啉的单扫示波极谱分析

研究了６－硝基喹啉在滴汞电极上的电极过程并建立了它的单扫示波极谱测定。在０．１０ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＣｌ底液中，６－硝基喹啉的二阶导数阴极波峰电流ｉ＂ｐ（Ｅ＂ｐ＝－０．６６ＶｖｓＳＣＥ）浓度在１．０×１０＾－７－２．５×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内有良好线性关系，检出限为４．２×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＲＳＤ＝１。７％（ｎ＝６）。此外还考察了多种人体内常见微量物质及表面活性剂对ｉ＂ｐ的影响。     

哌仑西平的单扫描示波极谱法测定

本报道一种测定哌仑西平的单扫描示波极谱法，在０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ４Ｃｌ－ＮＨ３．Ｈ２Ｏ（ｐＨ８．０±０．１）缓冲液中，哌仑西平有一极谱还原波，其峰电位为－１．５１Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），其一阶导数峰高与哌仑西闰浓度在６．６×１０＾－７－４．６×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ｒ＝０．９９８１）和６．６×１０＾－６－１．６×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ｒ＝０．９９９１）范围内有线性关系，检测限为３．４×１０－７ｍｏｌ     

淋必治的极谱研究

在０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ（ｐＨ４．５０）支持电解质中，淋必治（ＳＰＥ）有一灵敏的示波极谱导数还原峰，峰电位Ｅｐ＝－０．９８Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）。峰电流与ＳＰＥ的浓度在２．０×１０＾－７￣８．０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，最低检出限为５．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。该法用于注射针剂中ＳＰＥ含量的测定。，结果良好。文中对ＳＰＥ的极谱行为、电极过程及反应机理进行了探讨。     

含有吸附络合物溶液的倒数示波计时电位法的应用

Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）在０．２％乙二胺－５×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１ＨＯｘ－０．３ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１ＫＯＨ溶液中，有良好的全数示波图，其峰电位Ｅｐ＝－１．０５（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），峰高与Ｐｂ＾２＋溶度在４．０×１０＾－７～２．０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１内成正比，检测下限可达２．０×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１。本实验采用倒数示波计时电位法对铝合金“Ａ”中铅进行了测定，并直接通过示波图，对络合物的吸附属于性进行了     

头孢噻肟钠的降解及其产物伏安行为的研究

头孢噻肟钠在ＮａＯＨ溶液中降解后，于０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＯＨ中得一灵敏的吸附伏安原峰，Ｅｐ＝－０．７８Ｖ（νｓＡｇ／ＡｇＣｌ），ｉｐ与头孢噻肟钠浓度在１．０×１０＾－＾９－１．０×１０＾－＾８，１．０×１０＾－＾８－１．０×１０＾－＾７，１．０×１０＾－＾７－１．０×１０＾－＾６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，检出限为５．０×１０＾－＾１＾０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。用多种电化学手段研究其降解产物的伏安行为，测定了     

线性扫描示波极谱法测定抗癌药物紫杉醇

抗癌药物紫杉醇在０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮＨ３－ＮＨ３－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ中,采用单扫示波极说法进行测定,形成一良好的还原峰,峰电位Ｅｐ＝－１．４５Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）。峰电流与紫杉醇的浓度在１．０×１０＾－７￣８．０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／ｌ之间呈线性关系;检测限为５．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,并将此方法应用于样品测定。用线性扫描和循环伏安法研究体系的性质,结果表明,紫杉醇的电极过程属于具有吸附性的准可逆过程。     

氧氟沙星的单扫描示波极谱分析

报道了一种灵敏的氧氟沙星测定方法－一阶导数单扫示波极谱分析，同时研究了它的极谱波性质和电极反应机理，在ｐＨ６．０的ＫＨ２ＰＯ４－Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４（ＰＢＳ）底液中，氧氟沙星产生一个灵敏的还原峰，Ｅｐ＝－１．５５Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），其导数峰高与浓度在１．０×１０＾－５～４．６×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈良好的线性关系，相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９６，检测下限为２．４×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，可用于氧氟沙星片剂     

大量锆存在下铪镧钼杂多酸—耐尔蓝体系测定给

本文研究了耐尔蓝（ＮＢ）－给镧钼杂多酸（ＨｆＬａＭｏ－聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）体系测定铪的超高灵敏光度法。在ＰＶＡ存在下，铪，镧和钼酸铵形成杂多酸，继而与耐尔蓝形成离子缔合物。其适宜条件为〔ＨＣｌｏ４〕＝１．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，〔Ｌａ×３＋〕＝２．９×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，〔ＭｏＯ４×２－〕＝１．１×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，〔ＮＢ〕＝２．７×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＰＶＡ０．０８％。离子缔合物的最大吸收波长在５９     

铜（Ⅱ）锌（Ⅱ）—氟哌酸体系电化学行为及示波极谱法研究

铜（Ⅱ）和锌（Ⅱ）分别在０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＨ２ＰＯ４－Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４缓冲溶液（ｐＨ６．５）和０．２５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ４Ｃｌ溶液中，与氟哌酸形成良好的络合吸附波，峰电位分别为－０．２６Ｖ和－１．２８Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），络合比分别为１：３和１：２，峰电流与铜（Ⅱ）和锌（Ⅱ）的浓度均在４．０×１０＾－７～５．０×１０＾－６ｎｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，检测限分别为７．０×１０＾－８和５．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ     

一种基于形成杂多核络合物的荧光增敏效应的研究：Ⅲ.锰（Ⅱ）,钴（…

本研究了Ｍｎ＾２＋和Ｃｏ＾２＋对７－（８－羟基－３，６－二磺基萘偶氮）－８－羟基喹啉－５－磺酸－硼砂反应体系的混合荧光增敏作用。实验条件下，荧光增敏强度满足线性加和关系的范围是：Ｍｎ＾２＋浓度０￣２．９×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ；Ｃｏ＾２＋浓度０￣８．８～１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ；总浓度不超过１．０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。检出限量为Ｍｎ＾２＋４．５×１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和Ｃｏ＾２＋１．４×１０＾－８ｍｏ     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

解决能源问题的新途径--光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

黄酮化合物的合成研究进展

黄酮化合物是一类具有多种生物活性的天然产物,其经典的合成方法主要为查耳酮路线和β-丙二酮路线.近年来出现了许多新技术、新方法.本文介绍了2'-羟基查尔酮的氧化关环法、黄烷酮氧化法、改进的Baker-Venkataraman法及其他合成黄酮化合物的方法.     

NiY分子筛表面酸性影响其选择性吸附脱硫性能的机理研究

采用原位红外光谱技术,以噻吩、环己烯和苯为模型探针分子,分别考察单一烃分子在NiY分子筛上的吸附与反应行为以及噻吩与烯烃、芳烃间的竞争吸附和催化反应行为。单一探针分子吸附研究发现,NiY分子筛中与Ni物种相关的Lewis(L)酸位是噻吩的选择性吸附活性位;噻吩和环己烯在NiY分子筛中Brnsted(B)酸位上发生的质子化和低聚反应明显弱于HY分子筛。双探针分子竞争吸附研究发现,环己烯二聚体在NiY中强B酸位上的强化学吸附与噻吩存在显著的竞争吸附行为。另外,苯和噻吩在NiY上的竞争吸附现象在373K时明显减弱。由此,在选择性吸附脱硫过程中,减少吸附剂表面B酸中心可降低烯烃对噻吩的竞争吸附,另外适当提高吸附体系的温度可以有效避免芳烃对噻吩的竞争吸附。