Periodic solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We identify periodic solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media: multi-hump soliton solutions propagating in a fully periodic fashion. We also demonstrate recurrences and breathers whose evolution is statistically periodic and discuss why some systems support periodic solitons while others do not.     

Anderson localization in nonlocal nonlinear media

We theoretically and numerically investigate the effect of focusing and defocusing nonlinearities on Anderson localization in highly nonlocal media. A perturbative approach is developed to solve the nonlocal nonlinear Schr?dinger equation in the presence of a random potential, showing that nonlocality stabilizes Anderson states.     

Two-dimensional stationary nonlinear surface solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We address two-dimensional surface solitons occurring at the interface between a semi-infinite linear medium and a semi-infinite nonlocal nonlinear medium. We find that there exist stable single and dipole surface solitons. The properties of the surface solitons can be affected by the degree of nonlocality. Interestingly, only when the degree of nonlocality is greater than a critical value, the surface solitons can exist.     

Multipole vector solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We show that multipole solitons can be made stable via vectorial coupling in bulk nonlocal nonlinear media. Such vector solitons are composed of mutually incoherent nodeless and multipole components jointly inducing a nonlinear refractive index profile. We found that stabilization of the otherwise highly unstable multipoles occurs below certain maximum energy flow. Such a threshold is determined by the nonlocality degree.     

Random-phase surface-wave solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally, incoherent surface solitons in a noninstantaneous nonlocal nonlinear media. These incoherent surface waves are located at the interface between a nonlinear medium with long-range nonlocality and a linear dielectric medium (air).     

Incoherent soliton turbulence in nonlocal nonlinear media

The long-term behavior of a modulationally unstable nonintegrable system is known to be characterized by the soliton turbulence self-organization process: It is thermodynamically advantageous for the system to generate a large-scale coherent soliton in order to reach the ("most disordered") equilibrium state. We show that this universal process of self-organization breaks down in the presence of a highly nonlocal nonlinear response. A wave turbulence approach based on a Vlasov-like kinetic equation reveals the existence of an incoherent soliton turbulence process: It is advantageous for the system to self-organize into a large-scale, spatially localized, incoherent soliton structure.     

Surface superlattice solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We analyse surface solitons at the interface between a one-dimensional photonic superlattice and a uniform medium with weak nonlocal nonlinearity. We demonstrate that in deep lattices there exist three kinds of surface solitons when the propagation constant exceeds a critical value, including two on-site solitons and one off-site soliton. These three kinds of surface solitons have unique dynamical properties. If the relative depth of the superlattice is low, there is only one kind of off-site soliton; however, the solitons of this kind can propagate stably, unlike their deep superlattice counterparts. Dipole surface solitons are also investigated, and the stable domain is given.     

Two-dimensional multipole solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We present the experimental observation of scalar multipole solitons in highly nonlocal nonlinear media, including dipole, tripole, quadrupole, and necklace-type solitons, organized as arrays of out-of-phase bright spots. These complex solitons are metastable, but with a large parameters range where the instability is weak, permitting their experimental observation.     

Gray spatial solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We study gray solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media and show that they are stable and can form bound states. We reveal that the gray soliton velocity depends on the nonlocality degree and that it can be drastically reduced in highly nonlocal media. This is in contrast with the case of local media, where the maximal velocity is dictated solely by the asymptotic soliton amplitude.     

Lattice-supported surface solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We reveal that lattice interfaces imprinted in nonlocal nonlinear media support surface solitons that do not exist in other similar settings, including interfaces of local and nonlocal uniform materials. We show the impact of nonlocality on the domains of existence and stability of the surface solitons, focusing on new types of dipole solitons residing partially inside the optical lattice. We find that such solitons feature strongly asymmetric shapes and that they are stable in large parts of their existence domain.     

Kummer solitons in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media

We solve the three-dimensional (3D) time-dependent strongly nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NNSE) in spherical coordinates, with the help of Kummer's functions. We obtain analytical solitary solutions, which we term the Kummer solitons. We compare analytical solutions with the numerical solutions of NNSE. We discuss higher-order Kummer spatial solitons, which can exist in various forms, such as the 3D vortex solitons and the multipole solitons.     

Spiraling multivortex solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We demonstrate the existence of a broad class of higher-order rotating spatial solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media. We employ the generalized Hermite-Laguerre-Gaussian ansatz for constructing multivortex soliton solutions and study numerically their dynamics and stability. We discuss in detail the tripole soliton carrying two spiraling phase dislocations, or self-trapped optical vortices.     

强非局域非线性介质中的旋转涡旋光孤子

利用变分方法,得到了Snyder-Mitchell模型的旋转空间调制涡旋光孤子的近似解析解.在传输过程中,这种光孤子具有可观察的旋转特性.在一定的条件下,旋转的空间调制涡旋光孤子将退化为圆对称的涡旋光孤子. 关键词： 非局域非线性介质 强非局域性 空间调制涡旋光孤子 变分法     

Rotating soliton clusters in nonlocal nonlinear media

From the study of the dynamics for the ring-like soliton clusters, we find that there exists a critical value of the ring radius, dcr, for the stationary rotation of the clusters with respect to the beam centre even in the presence of the relatively strong noise, and that the soliton clusters will not rotate but only undergo periodic collisions in the form of simple harmonic oscillator if the ring radius is large enough. We also show that the direction of the rotation can be opposite to the direction of phase gradient when the relative phase difference is within the domain 0 〈 ｜θ｜ 〈 π, while along the direction of phase gradient when the relative phase difference is within the domain π 〈｜θ｜ 〈 2π     

Ince-Gaussian solitons in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media

We have introduced a novel class of higher-order spatial optical Ince-Gaussian solitons (IGSs) that constitute the third complete family of exact and orthogonal soliton solutions of the Snyder-Mitchell model. The transverse structure of the IGSs is characterized by the Ince polynomials and has an inherent elliptical symmetry. The IGSs form the exact and continuous transition modes between Hermite-Gaussian solitons and Laguerre-Gaussian solitons.     

Elegant Ince—Gaussian breathers in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media

A novel class of optical breathers,called elegant Ince-Gaussian breathers,are presented in this paper.They are exact analytical solutions to Snyder and Mitchell’s mode in an elliptic coordinate system,and their transverse structures are described by Ince-polynomials with complex arguments and a Gaussian function.We provide convincing evidence for the correctness of the solutions and the existence of the breathers via comparing the analytical solutions with numerical simulation of the nonlocal nonlinear Schro¨dinger equation.     

Hollow Gaussian beams in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media

The propagation of hollow Gaussian beams in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media is studied in detail.Two analytical expressions are derived.For hollow Gaussian beams,the intensity distribution always evolves periodically.However the second-order moment beam width can keep invariant during propagation if the input power is equal to the critical power.The interaction of two hollow Gaussian beams and the vortical hollow Gaussian beams are also discussed.The vortical hollow Gaussian beams with an appropriate topological charge can keep their shapes invariant during propagation.     

Dipole solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media with anisotropy

We investigate the existence and stability of dipole-mode solitons in two-dimensional models of nonlocal media with anisotropic Kerr nonlinearity analytically and numerically. We obtain the approximate solution of such elliptic dipole solitons by using the variational approximation. The dynamics of such dipole-mode solitons is governed by the eccentricity of both the input beam and the nonlocal response function. We also compute the stability of the solitons by direct numerical simulations. The effects of the anisotropy of the nonlocal response function on the propagation of the dipole beam are also discussed in detail.     

Propagation of Cartesian beams in nonlocal nonlinear media

We introduce a very general self-trapped beam solution of the Snyder-Mitchell linear model in Cartesian coordinates. We name such a field a self-trapped Cartesian beam (CB) which is characterized by two parameters. The complex amplitude of the self-trapped CBs is described by the product of the parabolic cylinder functions and the Gaussian function. The self-trapped standard, elegant, and generalized Hermite-Gaussian beams can be obtained by treating them as the special cases of the self-trapped CBs.     

Incoherently coupled soliton pairs in nonlocal nonlinear media

We show that incoherently coupled soliton pairs can exist in nonlocal Kerr-type nonlinear media. Such solitons can propagate in bright--bright, dark--dark, and gray--gray configurations. When the nonlocal nonlinearity is absent, these bright--bright and dark--dark soliton pairs are those observed previously in local Kerr-type nonlinear media. Our analysis indicates that for a self-focusing nonlinearity the intensity full width half maximum (FWHM) of the bright--bright pair components increases with the degree of nonlocality of the nonlinear response, whereas for a self-defocusing nonlinearity the intensity FWHM of the dark--dark and gray--gray pair components decreases with the increase in the degree of nonlocality of the nonlinear response. The stability of these soliton pairs has been investigated numerically and it has been found that they are stable.