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1.
为研究硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_n复合物的氢键作用,采用密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-311++G(d, p)基组水平上对硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_n复合物的结构进行优化,采用MP2/6-311++G(d, p)方法,经基组叠加误差和零点能校正计算得到复合物的相互作用能.利用自然键轨道分析方法研究复合物氢键作用的本质,并对复合物中水分子的振动光谱进行分析.计算结果表明,硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_n复合物存在着6个硝酸羟胺-H_2O稳定构型和8个硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_2稳定构型,且最稳定构型的相互作用能分别为52.821 kJ·mol~(-1)和73.349 kJ·mol~(-1).在硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_n复合物中,水中H-O伸缩振动频率明显红移,且红移增大的程度与复合物稳定化能的变化趋势基本一致. 相似文献
2.
采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,在6-31+G*基组水平上研究了儿茶素-胸腺嘧啶分子间相互作用机制,得到稳定的儿茶素-胸腺嘧啶复合物13个,并且复合物形成了2个或更多的氢键. 另外,在相同机组水平上进行了振动分析,结果表明儿茶素-胸腺嘧啶复合物间存在N-H…O、C-H…O、O-H…O三种类型氢键,氢键对于复合物的稳定性起着重要的作用. 应用了分子中的原子理论和自然键轨道理论对这13种复合物中氢键的性质和特征进行了分析. 发现所有的氢键复合物进行基组重叠误差校正后的相互作用能为-18.15~-32.99 相似文献
3.
运用第一性原理赝势方法,对氮化硅新相(六方Pˉ6和Pˉ6′相)的电子结构、光学性质和相变过程进行分析,研究能带结构、介电函数谱、反射谱和能量损失函数的变化机理.研究发现,β→Pˉ6→δ相变是可行的,在室温下β→Pˉ6和Pˉ6→δ相变的临界压强分别为42.9和47.7 GPa;相界的斜率为正值表明Pˉ6→δ相变过程伴随着晶胞体积的塌缩;Pˉ6和Pˉ6′相分别属于直接带隙和间接带隙半导体,能隙宽度分别为4.98和4.01 eV;得到了两相的零频介电常数;反射谱表明,两相的强反射峰均位于真空紫外线区域,因此可以用作紫外光屏蔽或紫外探测材料;在可见光区域,两相表现为近似透明. 相似文献
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用密度泛函理论和含时密度泛函理论研究了2'-脱氧鸟苷在水溶液中形成的一水和二水复合物在基态和激发态的氢键性质.计算了两种复合物的稳定构型、红外光谱、前沿分子轨道以及密里根电荷等光物理参数.结果表明,两种水合物的分子内氢键在光激发下变化不一致,分子间氢键变化相似.一水复合物的分子内氢键N3···H4-O2 在激发态是加强的,二水复合物的是减弱的.两种水合物的分子间氢键N2-H2···O3和O3-H5···O2及O3···H7-O4和H5···O1-C1在激发态全是减弱的.两种复合物红外光谱的计算结果与实验值一致.二水复合物中分子间氢键O4···H1-N1在激发态断裂,形成了新的分子间氢键O4···H3-N2,这种变化可能与鸟嘌呤部分的结构弯曲有关.最后分析了一水和二水复合物分子的分子内电子转移特性. 相似文献
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为计算相互作用较弱的分子碎片之间的耦合能,Harris从密度泛函理论出发,提出了一种简化方法,即冻结密度近似(FDA)方法.对该方法在描述分子间氢键作用的合理性进行了验证.对水分子间的HO┉H氢键、甲酰胺与水分子间的NH┉O氢键、二氟甲烷和水分子间的OH┉F氢键,以及DNA中的碱基(AT,GC)之间的N—H┉O,N—H┉N等类型的氢键的计算表明:若电子交换关联采用非定域自旋密度近似,FDA的计算结果同其他abinitio方法的计算结果以及实验结果都符合得很好.FDA在计算过程中既不需要求解泊松方程,也不需要进行反复的自洽迭代,所以运算速度较快,在研究生物大分子体系中的氢键相互作用方面具有一定的使用价值关键词:冻结密度近似氢键密度泛函 相似文献
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董肖 《原子与分子物理学报》2018,35(4):565-569
基于密度泛函理论(DFT)当中的B3LYP(杂化密度泛函)方法,于6-311G(d,p)基组水平上对NH_3与CaH_2的反应机理进行了计算分析,对反应过程中的反应物、中间体、过渡态及产物进行了全几何参数优化,得到其构型和基本参数.对得到的中间体和过渡态进行频率分析和内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算,以证实中间体和过渡态的正确性和相互连接关系.使用QCISD方法在6-311G(d,p)基组水平对各驻点的单点能进行计算,给出能量信息.计算结果表明:CaH_2与NH_3主要以摩尔比为1:2进行反应,分两步氢取代过程,生成产物Ca(NH2)2和2H2.反应所释放的H2中两个H原子分别来源于CaH_2和NH_3,反应的关键是脱氢,主要在于克服N—H键断裂所需能量.相比较而言从NH_3中脱氢比从—NH2中脱氢较易. 相似文献
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董肖 《原子与分子物理学报》2017,34(6)
采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法研究了NH3与MgH2的放氢反应机理,在6-311G(d, p)基组水平上对反应物、中间体、过渡态及产物进行了全几何参数优化。频率分析和内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算证实了中间体和过渡态的正确性和相互连接关系。计算结果表明。反应分两步单通道的氢取代过程,且反应过程相类似,反应生成Mg(NH2)2和2H2。两步氢取代反应所释放的H2中两个H原子分别来源于NH3和MgH2。反应脱氢的关键在于克服N—H键断裂所需能量。 相似文献
9.
董肖 《原子与分子物理学报》2019,36(4):533-537
金属-N-H体系储氢材料在放氢反应过程中往往伴随着NH3的释放,且NH3会对材料的储放氢性能产生重要影响.采用密度泛函理论当中的杂化密度泛函(B3LYP)方法,6-311G(d,p)基组水平上对NH3与BeH2的微观反应机理进行了理论计算分析,对得到的中间体和过渡态进行频率计算和内禀反应坐标(IRC)分析,以判断中间体和过渡态的正确性和相互连接关系.使用QCISD方法在6-311G(d,p)基组水平对各驻点的单点能进行计算,给出能量信息.计算结果表明:BeH2与NH3主要以摩尔比为1:2进行反应,分两步氢取代过程,生成产物Be(NH2)2和2H2.反应所释放的H2中两个H原子分别来源于BeH2和NH3,反应的关键是脱氢,主要在于克服N-H键断裂所需能量.相比较而言从NH3中脱氢比从-NH2中脱氢较易. 相似文献
10.
密度泛函方法研究气相胞嘧啶的互变异构化 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
分别采用7种基组、3种理论方法对胞嘧啶异构体Cyt1的结构进行优化,通过与Cyt1的实验结果进行比较,选取了适合研究胞嘧啶分子的B3LYP/6311+G方法.用该方法对胞嘧啶分子的8种异构体构型进行了充分优化,研究了其中能量较低的6种胞嘧啶异构体的互变异构化过程.对于得到的所有优化构型都进行了频率分析.对于基态构型,所有的频率都是正的;对于过渡态构型,只有一个虚频.同时,做了详尽的内禀反应坐标计算,以保证所得到的过渡态连接相应的始末异构体.所有给出的能量都已做了零点能校正.理论研究结果可以对已有的实验结果给予合理解释. 相似文献
11.
Takao Okazaki Madoka Nakagawa Takeshi Futemma Toshikazu Kitagawa 《Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry》2016,29(2):107-111
Persistent carbocations generated by the protonation of hetero‐polycyclic aromatic compounds with oxygen atom(s) were studied by experimental NMR and density function theory calculations. Benzo[kl]xanthene ( 1 ), dibenzo[d,d′]benzo[1,2‐b:4,3‐b′]difuran ( 2 ), and dibenzo[d,d′]benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]difuran ( 3 ) were synthesized by the annulation of arenediazonium salts. Compound 1 in FSO3H‐SbF5 (4:1)/SO2ClF and 3 in FSO3H‐SbF5 (1:1)/SO2ClF ionized to 1aH+ with protonation at C(4) and to 3aH+ with protonation at C(6), and these cations were successfully observed by NMR at low temperatures. The density function theory calculations indicated that 1aH+ and 3aH+ were the most stable protonated carbocations and that 2 should ionize to 2aH+ with protonation at C(6). According to the changes in 13C chemical shifts (Δδ13C), the positive charge was delocalized into the naphthalene unit for 1aH+ , into one benzo[b,d]furan unit for 2aH+ , and into one benzo[b,d]furan unit for 3aH+ . Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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O.A. Goroshko V.A. Ivanov I.V. Soppa 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2010,322(21):3385-3390
A simple method is proposed for the observation of interaction in the assembly of single domain particles based on registration of anhysteretic remanent magnetization. In contrast to established methods relied on isothermal magnetization, the proposed method is more sensitive to the weak interaction and helps to find the distribution of the particles in the interaction fields. The method is very simple: a differentiating of a single experimental curve is enough to obtain the distribution. Verification of the method was performed on the samples of different origins and proved a good correlation of experimental results and numerical estimations. 相似文献
13.
化学电阻气体传感器对于空气质量、食品检测和人体呼吸有着重要作用.传感器上修饰物硫醇与待测的VOCs之间吸附的气敏机理分析是选择硫醇、预测吸附能力与特异性的重要手段.本文选取了11-巯基-1-十一醇(MUD)和4-甲氧基苄硫醇(MTT)两种常见的硫醇与六种典型的VOCs(乙醇ETN、异丙醇IPA、丙酮ACN、正己烷HXN、甲苯TLN、苯甲醛BND),基于密度泛函理论(DFT),计算其表面静电势(ESP)并建立气体吸附模型.在气体吸附模型的基础上计算其吸附能,并分析其弱相互作用,从微观角度解释气体吸附的作用机理.实验结果表明,具有羟基的MUD分子对同样有羟基的气体(如ETN、IPA)能够以氢键的方式吸附,具有较强的选择效果;具有苯环的MTT分子与具有苯环结构的气体分子(如TLN、BND)吸附时会在苯环之间形成π-π堆积,基于色散作用进行吸附,这表明MTT分子对具有苯环结构的气体有着较强的吸附作用.研究发现其色散作用吸附的强弱与分子的表面ESP绝对值有关.本文对于传感器表面修饰物吸附气体的气敏机理进行了探究,并对表面修饰物的选择和实验结果预测提供了理论指导. 相似文献
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The DOS structures of NiO (0 0 1;1 1 1) surfaces and CO adsorption on these surfaces have been studied with spin-unrestricted and periodic DFT (B3LYP) methods. On the basis of the analysis of orbital interaction on DOSs, the bonding properties of surface atomic orbitals have also been interpreted. It is found that CO adsorption on (0 0 1) and (1 1 1) surfaces have different mechanisms and adsorption energies. A four-electron σ orbital interaction is produced when CO is adsorbed on NiO (1 1 1), CO adsorbption on NiO (1 1 1) surface is obviously stronger than that on surface (0 0 1). It is easy for the clean NiO (1 1 1) surface to reconstruct to (2 × 2) structure, but the surface covered by CO does not undergo such a reconstruction. 相似文献
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Iron trichloride as oxidizer in acid slurry for chemical mechanical polishing of Ge_2Sb_2Te_5
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The effect of iron trichloride (FeC13) on chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) film is inves- tigated in this paper. The polishing rate of GST increases from 38 nm/min to 144 nm/min when the FeC13 concentration changes from 0.01 wt% to 0.15 wt%, which is much faster than 20 nm/min for the 1 wt% H2O2-based slurry. This polish- ing rate trends are inversely correlated with the contact angle data of FeCl3-based slurry on the GST film surface. Thus, it is hypothesized that the hydrophilicity of the GST film surface is associated with the polishing rate during CMP. Atomic force microscope (AFM) and optical microscope (OM) are used to characterize the surface quality after CMP. The chemical mechanism is studied by potentiodynamic measurements such as Ecorr and Icorr to analyze chemical reaction between FeCl3 and GST surface. Finally, it is verified that slurry with FeCl3 has no influence on the electrical property of the post-CMP GST film by the resistivity-temperature (RT) tests. 相似文献
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在密度泛函理论耦合超软贋势第一性原理的平台上,研究了甲烷在Si(111)表面的物理吸附特性.通过建立硅晶胞的不同吸附位置(top、bridge、fcc)模型,对比分析了甲烷在相应位置吸附界面变化的键结构、吸附能和态密度,获得了相应吸附点的吸附特征.对比分析的结果表明,甲烷只有在fcc位置物理吸附状态较为理想.分析态密度、键长及键角等数据揭示fcc位甲烷吸附对体系硅晶胞有很大的影响,其体系的键能最低,即此时体系结构最稳定.本文所得研究成果可用于Si表面对甲烷气体的敏感性分析及气体传感器领域. 相似文献
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在密度泛函理论耦合超软贋势第一性原理的平台上,研究了甲烷在Si(111)表面的物理吸附特性。通过建立硅晶胞的不同吸附位置(top、bridge、fcc)模型,对比分析了甲烷在相应位置吸附界面变化的键结构、吸附能和态密度,获得了相应吸附点的吸附特征。对比分析的结果表明,甲烷只有在top位置物理吸附状态较为理想。分析态密度、键长及键角等数据揭示top位甲烷吸附对体系硅晶胞有很大的影响,其体系的键能最低,即此时体系结构最稳定。本文所得研究成果可用于Si表面对甲烷气体的敏感性分析及气体传感器领域。 相似文献
18.
G. Gwinner E. Gomez L. A. Orozco A. Perez Galvan D. Sheng Y. Zhao G. D. Sprouse J. A. Behr K. P. Jackson M. R. Pearson S. Aubin V. V. Flambaum 《Hyperfine Interactions》2006,172(1-3):45-51
Francium combines a heavy nucleus (Z = 87) with the simple atomic structure of alkalis and is a very promising candidate for precision tests of fundamental symmetries
such as atomic parity non-conservation measurements. Fr has no stable isotopes, and the ISAC radioactive beam facility at
TRIUMF, equipped with an actinide target, promises to provide record quantities of Fr atoms, up to 1010/s for some isotopes. We discuss our plans for a Fr on-line laser trapping facility at ISAC and experiments with samples of
cold Fr atoms. We outline our plans for a measurement of the nuclear anapole moment – a parity non-conserving, time-reversal
conserving moment that arises from weak interactions between nucleons – in a chain of Fr isotopes. Its measurement is a unique
probe for neutral weak interactions inside the nucleus.
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19.
F Caccavale 《Pramana》1998,50(6):653-668
A review of the state-of the-art of the research in the field of chemical interactions in silica and silicate glasses implanted
with metal ions (e.g., Si, Ti, W, Ag, Cu, Cr) and N is presented in terms of new compounds formation. Moreover, under certain
circumstances, the formation of nanometer-radius metal colloidal particles in a thin surface layer is observed. The chemical
state of the implanted atoms is determined by X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and X-ray excited Auger-electron spectroscopies (XE-AES).
Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) are used to determine the in-depth
elemental distributions. Optical absorption measurements and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to detect the
presence of metallic clusters, as well as to determine their mean size and size distribution. A thermodynamics approach is
used to explain the interaction between the implanted ion and the separate atomic species of the target glass and/or between
the implanted ion and the target molecular species. 相似文献
20.