巨正则系综Monte Carlo模拟方法研究活性炭的微孔尺寸

根据299K下甲烷在活性炭中的吸附实验数据，通过调节狭缝微孔的孔宽参数，利用巨正则系综Monte Carlo（GCEMC）方法得到不同也宽下流体的微观结构以及吸附等温线，比较并拟合模拟结果和实验数据，确定了活性炭微孔的平均孔宽，为下一步求解微孔尺寸分布以及为预测吸附剂在不同温度下吸附不同吸附质分子的吸附性能提供了基础与指导，模拟，甲烷分子采用单点Lennard-Jones球型分子模型，活性炭用狭缝孔来近似表征，流体分子与单个狭缝墙的相互作用采用著名的Steele的10－4－3势能模型，模拟表明，此方法为考察介孔材料的微孔分布以及微孔平均孔宽提供了新的思路。     

巨正则系综Monte Carlo模拟方法确定活性炭的微孔尺寸

根据299K下甲烷在活性炭中的吸附实验数据,通过调节狭缝微孔的孔宽参数,利用巨正则系综MonteCarlo(GCEMC)方法得到不同孔宽下流体的微观结构以及吸附等温线.比较并拟合模拟结果和实验数据,确定了活性炭微孔的平均孔宽,为下一步求解微孔尺寸分布以及为预测吸附剂在不同温度下吸附不同吸附质分子时的吸附性能提供了基础与指导.模拟中,甲烷分子采用单点Lennard-Jones球型分子模型,活性炭用狭缝孔来近似表征,流体分子与单个狭缝墙的相互作用采用著名的Steele的10－4-3势能模型.模拟表明,此方法为考察介孔材料的微孔分布以及微孔平均孔宽提供了新的思路.     

自由基聚合反应的Monte Carlo模拟方法

本文将化学反应动力学的MonteCarlo模拟方法运用到引发剂引发的自由基聚合反应的非稳态动力学,针对自由基聚合反应动力学数值模拟所特有的"无伸缩问题",采用"偏倚抽样法"解决了MonteCarlo模拟中的"无伸缩问题",模拟结果与非稳态动力学解的结果完全一致,此算法易推广到研究更复杂的自由基聚合反应体系。     

层柱状微孔材料吸附存储天然气的Monte Carlo模拟

采用巨正则系综MonteCarlo方法模拟了天然气中主要成分甲烷在层柱状微孔材料中T=300K下的吸附存储,在模拟中层柱状微孔采用Yi等人建立的柱子均匀分布在两炭孔墙之间的模型来表征。甲烷分子采用Lennard-Jones球型分子模型,炭孔墙采用Steele的10-4-3模型,对孔宽为1.36nm的层柱微孔,模拟了四个不同孔率的层柱材料吸附甲烷的情形。得到了孔中流体的局部密度分布以及吸附等温线,对比不同孔率下甲烷的吸附量,得到了此情形吸附甲烷的较佳孔率为0.94。     

流体熵相关性质的Monte Carlo模拟新方法

提出了用于计算实际体系熵相关性质的Monte Carlo 多级取样分子模拟方法.应用这一方法,对硬球流体的化学势及Helmholtz 自由能进行了估算,得到了满意的结果.计算化学势时,不存在通常试验粒子方法所遇到的高密度问题.该方法特别适合规律性的系统研究,较之普通模拟方法要有效得多.模拟得到的硬球体系无限稀释组份的超额化学势与对比直径的关系,在相变区域为一条双凹曲线;无论是在相变区还是在单相区,Carnahan-Starling 公式对这一关系的描述均有较大偏差.     

混合高聚物分相过程标度、分形与Monte Carlo模拟

基于光散射、Monte Carlo模拟标度理论和分形(Fractal)概念研究和分析了高分子混合体系不稳相分离过程结构函数的标度行为和成因, 结果表明相分离的形态是一种分形结构, 其分形维数不随时间变化. 结构函数的标度行为起源于相态的分形结构. 相态的分形结构是不稳相分离特征之一.     

流体熵相关性质的Monte Carlo模拟新方法

提出了用于计算实际体系熵相关性质的Monte Carlo多级取样分子模拟方法. 应用这一方法, 对硬球流体的化学势及Helmholtz自由能进行了估算, 得到了满意的结果. 计算化学势时, 不存在通常试验粒子方法所遇到的高密度问题. 该方法特别适合规律性的系统研究, 较之普通模拟方法要有效得多. 模拟得到的硬球体系无限稀释组份的超额化学势与对比直径的关系, 在相变区域为一条双凹曲线; 无论是在相变区还是在单相区, Carnahan-Starling公式对这一关系的描述均有较大偏差.     

单壁碳纳米管上毒性苯气体净化的分子模拟

采用巨正则系综蒙特卡罗(GCMC)方法研究了空气中微量苯组分在单臂碳纳米管(SWNTs)上的吸附净化. 模拟表明, 具有较大孔径的(20,20)纳米管比较适合吸附纯苯蒸汽, 而对于移除空气中的毒性苯物质, 苯的吸附选择性分别在(12,12)纳米管及4.0 MPa时和(18,18)纳米管及0.1 MPa时出现最小值和最大值. 为了解释这一异常行为, 我们进一步分析了N₂-O₂-C₆H₆混合物的局部密度分布、吸附分子构型和概率密度分布, 发现(18,18)纳米管内外完全被苯分子占据, 而对于(12,12)纳米管, 由于存在更强的吸附质-吸附剂相互作用, 空气分子更倾向于吸附在管与管之间的间隙. 此外, 吸附分子的空间有序参数表明大多数苯分子采取“平躺”在纳米管表面的定位, 而线性的N₂和O₂分子则多数平行于孔轴方向. 最后研究了温度和苯分子主体相浓度对分离效果的影响. 我们发现较大孔中的选择性随着温度的增加比小孔下降更加明显. 与此对比, 主体相苯浓度对小孔中的选择性起到更加重要的作用.     

Monte Carlo模拟研究抗体-抗原复合物生长的标度行为

通过Monte Carlo模拟方法对抗体-抗原复合物在等活性和非等活性条件下生长的标度行为进行了研究. 模拟所用算法的有效性通过在等活性条件下的模拟结果与解析结果之间的一致性得以证明. 在模拟中, 主要考察了抗体-抗原复合物的数量分布函数、重均聚合度以及特征关联长度在临界点附近的标度行为, 给出相应的标度指数, 并以其检验溶胶-凝胶相变的广义标度律. 研究结果表明, 非等活性对抗体-抗原复合物的生长具有显著影响, 可为临床免疫分析提供相应的理论线索.     

高分子链构象性质和溶解性的Monte Carlo模拟

运用Monte Carlo方法对线型高分子链格点模型的构象进行了模拟,研究了单链体系的构象的尺寸（采用均方末端距,均方回转半径来表征）、形状（采用平均非球形因子来表征）和溶解性随溶剂与链段间相互作用能的变化情况.结果表明,、和随着εPS的增大而减小,具有相同的变化规律;随着Δε增大,溶剂变得越来越不利于溶解,高分子链的形状蜷曲为椭球形,高分子线团相互穿插交叠.     

Random End‐Switching Configurational Bias Monte Carlo for Long Chain Molecules

Summary: The exponential attrition of configurational bias Monte Carlo for long chains can be reduced to almost quadratic by a simple modification of the basic move. Each trial move begins on the side of the remaining sub chain opposite to the cut location. This type of move is akin to large‐scale reptation and in the limit of one‐segment cut is reptation. The extension is shown to require the same Rosenbluth weighting scheme as the original algorithm. Several examples are used to demonstrate the reliability and the improved performance of the proposed method.

     

芳香类化合物在ITQ-1分子筛中吸附特性的蒙特卡罗模拟

用巨正则统计系综蒙特卡罗模拟研究了苯、甲苯以及间二甲苯分子在ITQ-1分子筛中的吸附特性.从这3种分子的粒子分布云图上,可发现分子的扩散和吸附主要在十二元环超笼内发生,在十元环通道内的吸附和扩散则相对较难.从一系列不同压力下的蒙特卡罗模拟还预测了3种分子的吸附等温线,预测结果与实验结果相符.这3种分子在一定压力下,都可通过十元环通道或连接十二元环超笼的十元环窗口到达分子筛孔道内部,达到较好的吸附平衡状态.     

A Method for Handling Branch Points in Monte Carlo Simulations

A general procedure is described for introducing branch point relaxation into a Metropolis Monte Carlo simulation of molecules expressed on the discrete space of a lattice. The lattice may be of any type. When applied to regular tri‐ and tetrafunctional stars represented by self‐avoiding walks on a high‐coordination lattice, the method produces the expected behavior for the mean‐square dimensions, displacement of the center of the mass, and the times for internal relaxation of the branches. The method is easily generalized to branch points of higher functionality and molecules that contain multiple branch points.     

Critical flux of hard sphere suspensions in crossflow filtration: Hydrodynamic force bias Monte Carlo simulations

A Monte Carlo method is developed for crossflow membrane filtration to determine the critical flux of hard sphere suspensions. Brownian and shear-induced diffusion are incorporated into an effective hydrodynamic force exerted on the hard spheres in a concentrated shear flow. Effects of shear rate and particle size on the critical flux are investigated using hydrodynamic force bias Monte Carlo simulations, providing a baseline of the critical flux.     

Adsorption of Benzene and Propylene in Zeolite ZSM-5： Grand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulations

The adsorption behavior of benzene and propylene in zeolite ZSM-5 was studied by Grand Canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC) simulations. It could be found that benzene and propylene molecules showed different adsorption behavior in the zeolite cavities. The loadings of propylene were significantly larger than those of benzene at 100 kPa. From the figures of potential energy distribution,the potential energy of benzene/zeolite was more negative than that of propylene/zeolite,so benzene could be adsorbed more stably t...     

The Grand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulations of Benzene and Propylene in ITQ-1 Zeolite

Thealkylationofbenzenewithpropylenetoproducecumene,astartingmaterialfortheproductionofacetoneandphenol,isveryimportantinhydrocarbonprocess.ComparedwithsomemineralacidsincludingAlCl,andothers,zeolitesseemtobemorecleancatalysts,moreoveF,theycaneffectivelyreducetheamountoflessdesiredproductssuchasdiisopropylbenzenes.SeveralzeoIitesincludingH-ZSM-5,USYflandMCM-22havebeentestedforthereactionoftheaIkylationofbenzenewithpropylene,andithasbeenfoundthatP,USYandMCM-22areveryreactiveI.ZeoIiteMC…     

Application of combined Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics method to simulation of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine lipid bilayer

We describe a new equilibration procedure for the atomic level simulation of a hydrated lipid bilayer. The procedure consists of alternating molecular dynamics trajectory calculations in a constant surface tension and temperature ensemble with configurational bias Monte Carlo moves to different regions of the configuration space of the bilayer, in a constant volume and temperature ensemble. The procedure is described in detail and is applied to a bilayer of 100 molecules of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and 3205 water molecules. We find that the hybrid simulation procedure enhances the equilibration of the bilayer as measured by the convergence of the area per molecule and the segmental order parameters, as compared with a simulation using only molecular dynamics (MD). Progress toward equilibration is almost three times as fast in CPU time, compared with a purely MD simulation. Equilibration is complete, as judged by the lack of energy drift in three separate 200-ps runs of continuous MD started from different initial states. Results of the simulation are presented and compared with experimental data and with other recent simulations of DPPC. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 20: 1153–1164, 1999     

噻吩分子及其与异辛烷二元混合物在MCM-22分子筛中吸附的蒙特卡罗模拟

应用巨正则蒙特卡罗模拟方法研究了噻吩分子以及噻吩与异辛烷混合物在MCM-22分子筛中的吸附和分布. 通过模拟获得了噻吩分子在MCM-22分子筛中不同温度(298、363 和393 K)下的吸附等温线和等量吸附热, 以及298 K时噻吩和异辛烷分子二元混合物在MCM-22分子筛中的吸附及分布情况. 结果表明, 吸附温度和吸附压力对噻吩分子在MCM-22分子筛吸附都有影响, 但等量吸附热受温度和吸附量影响较小. 对于二元混合物的吸附, 噻吩和异辛烷在分子筛中存在竞争吸附过程, 噻吩能够大量吸附在MCM-22分子的十元环和超笼中, 而异辛烷主要吸附在MCM-22分子筛的超笼系统, 从而可以将噻吩分子与异辛烷分子分离开来.     

Influence of the presence of small gas molecules in the structure of comblike polyacrylates: a Monte Carlo study

A theoretical strategy has been developed to study the motion of small molecules through ordered polymeric systems. The strategy, which has been incorporated into a computer program denoted MCDP/2, is especially useful to study comblike polymers organized in biphasic arrangements. This is because it is based on a configurational bias Monte Carlo algorithm, which is more efficient than conventional methods to study dense systems. The MCDP/2 program has been used to investigate the influence of CH(4) and CO(2) gas molecules in the structure of isotactic poly(octadecyl acrylate), a typical comblike polymer. For this purpose, the pure polymer and different molecular systems constituted by several gas molecules dissolved in the polymer matrix have been simulated. Results indicated that the structural relaxation of the polymer is not coupled to the motion of gas molecules. The importance of these results in the field of molecular modeling of transport properties in comblike polymers is discussed.