离子液体[Cnpy][NTf2] (n=2, 4, 5)的动力粘度和电导率

在298.15-338.15 K和283.15-338.15 K温度范围内,分别测量了N-烷基吡啶双三氟甲磺酸亚胺(烷基链分别为:乙基、丁基、戊基)三种疏水型离子液体的动力粘度和电导率.利用Arrhenius 方程和Fulcher 方程将测量的动力粘度和电导率对温度拟合,得到了动力粘度和电导率随温度变化方程式.从电导率和密度计算出了上述三种离子液体在283.15-338.15 K温度范围内的摩尔电导率.应用Walden 规则,描述了动力粘度与摩尔电导率之间的关系.     

1-丁腈-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲基磺酸亚胺的性质

制备了功能化离子液体1-丁腈-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲基磺酸亚胺。在T为283.15-353.15 K温度范围内,测定了该功能化离子液体的密度、动力粘度、电导率及折光率。讨论了亚甲基的增减对该类功能化离子液体的密度、动力粘度、电导率及折光率等性质的影响,并与传统咪唑类、吡啶类离子液体物理化学性质的变化趋势进行了对比。通过经验方程计算了该功能化离子液体的热膨胀系数、分子体积、标准摩尔熵及晶格能等热力学性质参数。讨论了Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT)方程和Arrhenius方程的适用性,得出VFT方程适用于该功能化离子液体,而Arrhenius方程并不适用。有关研究对新型离子液体的合成及其工业化的应用具有十分重要的意义。     

两种疏水型膦类离子液体的密度、动力粘度及电导率（英文）

通过传统的方法,制备了两种对水和空气稳定的四烷基膦类离子液体。离子液体是:己基三丁基膦四氟化硼和己基三丁基膦双三氟甲基磺酸亚胺。在T=283.15-353.15 K温度范围内,测定了两个离子液体的密度、动力粘度及电导率。讨论了温度、阴离子结构对离子液体的性质的影响。结合文献报道的其它离子液体,讨论了该类离子液体性质随阳离子结构的变化规律,并与咪唑类离子液体的性质进行了比较。通过经验方程,利用密度数据计算了两个离子液体的重要热力学性质参数,例如:分子体积、标准摩尔熵及晶格能等。并将估算性质与传统的咪唑、吡啶类离子液体进行了对比。通过密度和电导率确定了离子液体的摩尔电导率。讨论了Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman(VFT)方程和Arrhenius方程对于粘度和电导率拟合的可行性,并估算了电导活化能及流动活化能。通过Walden规则,描述了密度、粘度及电导率之间的联系。有关研究对新型离子液体的合成及其工业化的应用具有十分重要意义。     

四种深共融溶剂的性质:密度、电导率、动力粘度及折光率

制备了四种四丁基氯化铵类深共融溶剂,包括四丁基氯化铵:丙酸[TBAC:2PA]、四丁基氯化铵:乙二醇[TBAC:2EG]、四丁基氯化铵:聚乙二醇[TBAC:2PEG]、四丁基氯化铵:苯乙酸[TBAC:2PAA].在288.15-338.15 K温度范围内,测定了它们的密度、电导率、动力粘度及折光率.讨论了温度对密度、电导率、动力粘度及折光率等性质的影响.通过经验方程估算了深共融溶剂的热膨胀系数、分子体积、标准摩尔熵及晶格能等热力学性质参数.利用Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT)方程和Arrhenius方程,将测量的电导率和动力粘度对温度拟合,得到了动力粘度和电导率随温度变化方程式.有关研究对深共融溶剂的工业化应用具有重要意义.     

过渡金属离子液体EMIFeCl3的性质研究

在干燥高纯氩气氛的手套箱内, 直接将摩尔比为1∶1的高纯无水FeCl3与氯化1-甲基-3-乙基咪唑(EMIC)混合, 得到棕色透明的离子液体EMIFeCl4. 在293.15~343.15 K温度范围内测定了该离子液体的密度和表面张力. 利用Glasser经验方程和空隙模型研究了EMIFeCl4的性质, 并与离子液体EMIAlCl4进行比较, 指出空隙模型具有一定的合理性.     

咪唑醋酸盐的制备和物理化学性质及其水和乙醇溶液的电导率

制备了离子液体1-甲基咪唑醋酸盐（[Mim]Ac）,1,3-二甲基咪唑醋酸盐（[Mmim]Ac）和1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐（[Emim]Ac）,分别测定了它们在293.15-338.14 K间的密度、电导率和绝对粘度,计算了相应的摩尔电导率和运动粘度.用最小二乘法分别拟合建立了密度、电导率、摩尔电导率、绝对粘度和运动粘度与温度的函数关系.讨论了咪唑环3位氮原子上烷基链长对以上咪唑醋酸盐五种物理化学性质的影响.在293.15 K测定了[Mim]Ac{或[Mmim]Ac,[Emim]Ac}（1）-H₂O（或EtOH）（2）二元溶液在全浓度范围内的电导导率,计算了对应的咪唑醋酸盐的摩尔电导率.发现无论是水溶液还是乙醇溶液,溶液的电导率和咪唑醋酸盐的摩尔电导率都随着浓度的增加先增大而后减小.同一浓度下,咪唑环3位氮原子上烷基链长增加,相应的溶液电导率和摩尔电导率下降.且水溶液的电导率和摩尔电导率远大于乙醇溶液的.     

稀散金属室温离子液体BMIInCl4的性质研究

在干燥高纯氩气氛的手套箱内,直接将摩尔比为1∶1的高纯无水InCl₃与氯化1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑(BM IC l)混合,得到无色透明的离子液体BM IInCl₄.在278.15-343.15 K温度范围内测定了该离子液体的密度和表面张力.利用G lasser经验方程和空隙模型讨论了BM IInCl₄的性质,并与离子液体BMIAlCl₄作了比较,证明了空隙模型具有一定的合理性.     

Pitzer-Simonson理论和Pitzer-Simonson-Clegg理论在离子液体PMIBF4水溶液中的应用

在278.15～343.15 K温度范围内, 测定了在浓度范围从摩尔分数0.09的四氟硼酸-1-甲基-3-戊基咪唑(PMIBF₄)离子液体水溶液到纯离子液体的密度, 计算了离子液体PMIBF₄水溶液的表观摩尔体积^fV, 讨论了Pitzer-Simonson (PS) 理论和Pitzer-Simonson-Clegg (PSC)理论的适用性. 以纯离子液体为参考态, 用实验数据分别拟合了Pitzer-Simonson (PS)方程、Pitzer-Simonson-Clegg (PSC)方程和简化PSC方程, 得到了这些理论模型的体积参数值. 从拟合偏差来看, PSC方程比PS方程有更好的适用性. 同时还可看出, PSC方程比只有三个参数的简化PSC方程有更小的拟合标准偏差和更好的相关系数.     

Pitzer-Simonson理论和Pitzer-Simonson-Clegg理论在离子液体PMIBF4水溶液中的应用

在278.15～343.15 K温度范围内, 测定了在浓度范围从摩尔分数0.09的四氟硼酸-1-甲基-3-戊基咪唑(PMIBF₄)离子液体水溶液到纯离子液体的密度, 计算了离子液体PMIBF₄水溶液的表观摩尔体积^fV, 讨论了Pitzer-Simonson (PS) 理论和Pitzer-Simonson-Clegg (PSC)理论的适用性. 以纯离子液体为参考态, 用实验数据分别拟合了Pitzer-Simonson (PS)方程、Pitzer-Simonson-Clegg (PSC)方程和简化PSC方程, 得到了这些理论模型的体积参数值. 从拟合偏差来看, PSC方程比PS方程有更好的适用性. 同时还可看出, PSC方程比只有三个参数的简化PSC方程有更小的拟合标准偏差和更好的相关系数.     

[Bmim]FeCl_4离子液体的物理性质

研究了自制[Bmim]FeCl4离子液体的电导率、黏度与温度的关系,并与文献数据进行了对比.结果表明,采用落球法和旋转法都能准确地测量[Bmim]FeCl4离子液体的黏度;与Andrade方程相比,VTF方程能更好地拟合[Bmim]FeCl4离子液体的黏度和温度的关系,其相关系数达0.999 9.采用不同电导率仪测量的[Bmim]FeCl4离子液体的电导率有较大差别;相比Arrhenius方程而言,VTF方程能更好地拟合电导率与温度的关系;随着温度的变化,电导率与黏度的关系符合Walden规则,其相关系数达到0.99以上.     

两种疏水型膦类离子液体的密度、动力粘度及电导率

Two air and water stable hydrophobic phosphonium ionic liquids (ILs), tributyl-hexylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate ([P4446][BF4]) and tributyl-hexylphosphonium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([P4446][NTf2]), were prepared by the traditional method. Their basic physico-chemical properties of density, dynamic viscosity, and electrical conductivity were measured in the temperature range of 283.15-353.15 K. The effect of the temperature and structure of the anion on the thermodynamic properties were discussed. The properties are compared with the cation structures changing of the phosphonium type ILs. The most important thermodynamic properties for their practical application, such as molecular volume, standard molar entropy, and lattice energy, were calculated from their density using empirical equations. The calculated values were compared with those of imdazolium and pyridinium type ILs. Molar electrical conductivity was determined from density and electrical conductivity. The applicability of the Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT) and Arrhenius equations to the fitting of the dynamic viscosity and electrical conductivity was validated. The activation of the electrical conductivity and dynamic viscosity were obtained from the final VFT equation. According to the Walden rule, the density, dynamic viscosity, and electrical conductivity were described by the Walden equation. The results are very important for academic studies as well as industrial applications of these ILs.     

Density,viscosity, and excess properties of aqueous solution of diethylenetriamine (DETA)

Densities and viscosities of aqueous DETA solutions were measured for the entire concentration range and for the temperature range between (293.15 and 363.15) K. The excess molar volume was determined from the experimental density data whereas the excess Gibbs free energy and the excess entropy of flow were determined from the experimental viscosity data by implementing the theory of rate processes of Eyring. A Redlich–Kister equation was applied to correlate the excess properties such as: the excess molar volume and the excess Gibbs free energy of flow as functions of the DETA mole fraction and temperature. The results showed that the model agree very well with the experimental data. In comparison with AEEA and DEA, the excess properties of DETA are higher than these amines.     

The Properties of Solutions of Isoniazid in Water and Dimethylsulfoxide

The density, viscosity and conductivity of binary mixtures of the front line antitubercular drug isoniazid (INH), in aqueous solution and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution, were determined at various temperatures (25, 37 and 55?°C) up to 0.3 mol?L^?1 of INH. The apparent molar volumes were calculated from the density data. In the INH + water system the apparent molar volume of INH changed smoothly, whereas in the INH + DMSO system it passes through a maximum. Also, both systems showed pronounced maxima in their viscosity and conductivity isotherms. In addition, UV?CVis, FT-IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy were performed on the solutions. On the basis of this data, the predominant molecular interactions occurring between INH and water and between INH and DMSO were found to be hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, the susceptibility profile of DMSO, INH and its combination was studied against M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined. The results suggest a synergistic effect of INH at sub-MIC concentrations and DMSO.     

Novel diethanolamine based deep eutectic mixtures for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture: synthesis and characterisation

In this work, diethanolamine was successfully used as a hydrogen bond donor to prepare three different deep eutectic solvents (DESs) using three quaternary ammonium salts at different molar ratios. Important physical properties of the prepared DESs including melting point, glass transition, crystallisation temperature, density, refractive index and viscosity were measured in temperature ranging from (298.15 to 358.15 K). Moreover, in order to explore the changes in chemical structures of the DESs, FTIR analysis was performed. The developed DESs have melting points lower than 293.15 K, and of significantly low density (close to water) and comparable viscosity. The effect of temperature and molar ratio on physical properties were also discussed. Empirical models were used to correlate the density, refractive index and viscosity data of the DESs as a function of temperature and molar ratio. A quantitative analysis, also called as ANOVA analysis, was conducted to investigate the significance of the experimental physical properties data. The new DESs prepared in this work have a potential to be used in numerous applications including CO₂ capture.     

Interactions of Diglycine in Aqueous Saccharide Solutions at Varying Temperatures: A Volumetric,Ultrasonic and Viscometric Study

Densities, viscosities and speeds of sound were measured for ternary mixtures of diglycine (0.05 to 0.30 mol⋅kg⁻¹) in 2, 4 and 6 mass-% aqueous xylose, L(-)arabinose, and D(-)ribose solutions at 288.15, 298.15 and 308.15 K and at atmospheric pressures, using a DSA 5000 instrument. The limiting apparent molar volume, limiting apparent molar adiabatic compressibility and their corresponding slopes were computed using the density and speed of sound data. Corresponding transfer functions have also been determined. The viscosity data have been analyzed on the basis of the Jones-Dole equation. The viscosity B-coefficient and Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow per mole of solvent and solute have been evaluated. Hydration numbers, pairwise and triplet interaction coefficients have also been evaluated from these data. The variations of these parameters with concentration and temperature clearly suggest the roles of diglycine and saccharides in solute–solvent interactions.     

Physical–chemical properties of nickel analogs ionic liquid based on choline chloride

In this paper, a homogeneous, green analogs ionic liquid containing choline chloride and nickel chloride hexahydrate is formed. The structure of the analogs ionic liquid is preliminary investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is shown that the nickel chloride hexahydrate bond via hydrogen bonds with choline chloride and urea. The physico-chemical properties of the analogs ionic liquid such as viscosity, conductivity, density, and thermal stability are measured as a function of temperature and composition. The thermal expansion coefficients (r), the molar Gibbs energy of activation (ΔG*) for viscous flow, the molar enthalpy of activation (ΔH*), and the molar entropy of activation (ΔS*) for viscous flow have been calculated. A straight-line equation is used to fit the density data while the Arrhenius equation is used to fit both viscosity and conductivity. Thermal stability of analogs ionic liquid was carried out from room temperature to 973.15 K. It indicates that analogs ionic liquid is stable from room temperature to 488.2 K.