Analysis of the form of ultrashort pulses by spectral nonlinear interferometry

A new method for recording the phase structure of ultrashort optical pulses is proposed that makes no use of a reference pulse. Using three-wave interactions in a nonlinear optical medium, a wave of spectral decomposition of an ultrashort pulse is transformed into a monochromatic wave. The spatial phase structure of this wave contains information on the phase structure of the pulse spectrum and on the pulse form. This structure is analyzed by shearing interferometry.

     

光纤中基于交叉相位调制的超短光脉冲串的产生

提出一种在单模光纤正常色散区由连续波产生超短光脉冲串的新方法，即让连续波和一个波长位于光纤正常色散区的调制脉冲串在光纤中同时传输，交叉相位调制效应和群速度色散效应的相互作用能使连续波演化成一串超短光脉冲，其脉冲宽度比调制脉冲串中的脉宽要小得多，本文还通过计算机模拟，对这一方法进行了全面的考察和分析。结果表明，该方法不仅实用，而且可取得较好的效果。     

Carrier-envelope phase dependence of few-cycle ultrashort laser pulse propagation in a polar molecule medium

We theoretically investigate carrier-envelope phase dependence of few-cycle ultrashort laser pulse propagation in a polar molecule medium. Our results show that a soliton pulse can be generated during the two-photon resonant propagation of few-cycle pulse in the polar molecule medium. Moreover, the main features of the soliton pulse, such as pulse duration and intensity, depend crucially on the carrier-envelope phase of the incident pulse, which could be utilized to determine the carrier-envelope phase of a few-cycle ultrashort laser pulse from a mode-locked oscillator.     

光纤中基于互相位调制效应的超短光脉冲对的产生

提出一种在单模光纤正常色散区由连续波产生超短光脉冲对的新方法.即让连续波和一个波长位于光纤负色散区的高阶孤子在光纤中同时传输,互相位调制效应和群速度色散效应的互相作用能使连续波演化成超短光脉冲对.本文还通过计算机模拟,对该方法进行了全面的考察和分析.结果表明,此方法实用且效果较好.     

New method of control over the phase of an ultrashort electromagnetic pulse under frustrated total internal reflection conditions

A new method of operational control over the phase of an ultrashort pulse in the range from 0 to π with insignificant phase distortions is proposed. The results of the experiment on control within 0.7 π over the phase of a terahertz pulse with a relative spectral width exceeding an octave are presented.     

载波相位对超短脉冲时间重心的影响

以Gauss、Hyperbolic Secant、Lorentz三种脉冲为例,利用理论推导和数值模拟的方法研究了载波相位对超短脉冲时间重心的影响,并给出了三种脉冲的时间重心与载波相位的解析表达式和数值模拟的图形.研究结果表明:当脉冲包络的宽度短于一个光学振荡周期时,载波相位对超短脉冲的时间重心开始有较显著的影响.     

超短激光脉冲驱动的Thomson散射空间分布特性

研究了超短激光脉冲驱动的Thomson散射的辐射空间分布. 发现辐射的空间分布对称性显著地依赖于超短脉冲的载波相位η₀，在η₀＝0，π时，辐射的空间分布呈现出二重或一重对称性；而在其他载波相位时，这些空间分布对称性遭到破坏. 辐射光的准直性也依赖于驱动脉冲的载波相位，在η₀＝±π/2时辐射光的准直性最好. 这些结果表明可以通过改变驱动激光脉冲的载波相位来控制辐射光的空间分布，也可以利用辐射空间分布对相位的依赖特性来测量超短激光脉冲的载波相位. 关键词： Thomson散射 空间分布 载波相位     

Influence of spatiotemporal coupling on the capture-and-acceleration-scenario vacuum electron acceleration by ultrashort pulsed laser beam

This paper investigates the properties of the ultrashort pulsed beam aimed to the capture-and-acceleration-scenario (CAS) vacuum electron acceleration. The result shows that the spatiotemporal distribution of the phase velocity, the longitudinal component of the electric field and the acceleration quality factor are qualitatively similar to that of the continuous-wave Gaussian beam, and are slightly influenced by the spatiotemporal coupling of the ultrashort pulsed beam. When the pulse is compressed to an ultrashort one in which the pulse duration T_FWHM <5T₀, the variation of the maximum net energy gain due to the carrier-envelope phase is a crucial disadvantage in the CAS acceleration process.     

无干涉条纹的光谱位相相干直接电场重构法

提出一种新的诊断飞秒脉冲振幅与位相的高精度测量方法.该方法发展了传统的SPIDER方法，保留了原方法对脉冲信息可以实时、有效和全面地测取的优点，并能克服其不能测量脉宽较大或位相信息复杂的脉冲的缺点.在新方法中和频后的脉冲对没有相对延时，形成无干涉条纹的剪切干涉图.在调节一个小量延时于某些特定值，可去掉剪切干涉图的歧义性.给出数值模拟结果，证明此方法无需经过傅里叶变换滤波，可直接由干涉图唯一地提取出脉冲的振幅与位相信息. 关键词： 光谱位相相干直接电场重构法 飞秒脉冲测量 超快信息光学     

Amplitude and Phase Retrieval of Ultrashort Optical Pulse Using Optical Spectrogram Scope

We demonstrate the retrieval of the amplitude and phase of an ultrashort optical pulse from an optical spectrogram obtained by optical spectrogram scope (OSS). OSS is an interferometric method of obtaining a single-shot optical spectrogram without nonlinear optical effects. Since the optical spectrogram obtained by OSS retains information on the amplitude and phase of a signal pulse, we can retrieve this information without an iterative inversion algorithm from the spectrogram. In our demonstration, we retrieved the quadratic variation of a spectral phase of a linear chirped ultrashort laser pulse from a mode-locked Ti: sapphire laser.     

几周期余弦-高斯激光脉冲的时间重心

研究了几周期超短余弦-高斯脉冲的时间重心与绝对相位以及与余弦函数参量之间的关系．给出了几周期超短余弦-高斯脉冲时间重心的解析表达式和模拟图形．结果表明，余弦-高斯脉冲的时间重心随着绝对相位的变化而发生漂移，并且脉冲宽度对余弦-高斯脉冲时间重心的漂移量也有一定的影响．余弦函数的参量在一定取值范围内对余弦-高斯脉冲也有较大的影响，它可能导致几周期余弦-高斯脉冲的时间重心有较大的漂移．     

Experimental demonstration of phase control of dispersion effects for an ultrashort pulse train propagating in a resonant medium

We present an experiment in which an ultrashort pulse train propagates resonantly through anoptically dense vapor of atomic rubidium. The sequence obtained from a Fabry-Perot interferometer comprises nearly 10 regularly time-delayed and mode-locked pulses. We show that a sequence with phase shift phi = 0[2pi] between two successive pulses propagates with important temporal distortion, whereas a sequence with phi = pi[2pi] experiences few propagation effects, thus leading for the first time to our knowledge to the possibility of phase control of dispersion effects for an ultrashort pulse train.     

Multiphoton intrapulse interference. IV. Ultrashort laser pulse spectral phase characterization and compensation

We introduce a noninterferometric single beam method to characterize and compensate the spectral phase of ultrashort femtosecond pulses accurately. The method uses a pulse shaper that scans calibrated phase functions to determine the unknown spectral phase of a pulse. The pulse shaper can then be used to synthesize arbitrary phase femtosecond pulses or it can introduce a compensating spectral phase to obtain transform-limited pulses. This method is ideally suited for the generation of tailored spectral phase functions required for coherent control experiments.     

Self-compensation of third-order dispersion for ultrashort pulse generation demonstrated in an Yb fiber oscillator

Compensation of the intracavity dispersion in the mode-locked oscillator is known to be one of the most important factors for ultrashort pulse generation. However, recent investigations of a Yb-doped fiber mode-locked oscillator revealed that precise third-order dispersion (TOD) compensation is not always necessary for ultrashort pulse generation, owing to the strong nonlinearity that compensates residual TOD without reducing its spectral bandwidth. The origin of the nonlinear TOD compensation has remained unclear. To investigate the process in detail, we studied the pulse evolution inside a 30 fs Yb-doped fiber mode-locked oscillator both experimentally and numerically, and we found that the nonlinear phase shift with a temporally asymmetric pulse shape introduces an appropriate amount of TOD that exactly cancels the residual cavity dispersion.     

载波相位对超短正弦高斯脉冲的影响

在时间域中研究了载波相位对超短正弦高斯脉冲的影响.给出了超短正弦高斯脉冲的脉冲能量和时间重心的解析表达式和数值模拟结果.结果表明载波相位和正弦函数的参数对超短正弦高斯脉冲的脉冲能量和时间重心有很大的影响.当载波相位等于nπ和2n+1π/2时,超短正弦高斯脉冲的脉冲能量分别达到最小和最大值;当载波相位等于2n+1π/4时,载波相位对超短正弦高斯脉冲的脉冲能量没有影响.当载波相位等于4n+3π/4和4n+1π/4时,超短正弦高斯脉冲的时间重心分别达到最小和最大值;当载波相位等于nπ/2时,超短正弦高斯脉冲的时间重心不发生变化.     

紫外超短脉冲激光的单次测量

 利用瞬态光栅衍射法研制了一台单次频率分辨光学开关激光参数测量仪,可以对脉宽范围在10 ps以内的紫外超短脉冲激光进行单次测量。利用该仪器对重复频率为10 Hz的放电泵浦和单次运行的电子束泵浦KrF准分子激光器的输出脉冲分别进行了单次测量,结果表明：对于放电泵浦,当系统工作在零啁啾附近时,脉冲波形和光谱分布较规则,相位分布起伏较小,当系统偏离零啁啾状态时,脉冲波形和光谱分布不再规则,并且相位分布为抛物线结构;对于单次运行的电子束泵浦,脉冲波形具有多峰结构,光谱具有复杂的调制,脉宽约为2 ps,带宽约为1.3 nm,相位分布为抛物线结构。     

Pulse-shaping control of spectral transformations of ultrashort pulses in photonic-crystal fibers

We experimentally demonstrate that the initial pulse width and spectral phase of ultrashort laser pulses may significantly influence the solition dynamics of such pulses in a photonic-crystal fiber. These findings suggest new solutions for the transmission, shaping, stretching, amplification, and spectral transformation of ultrashort pulses in all-fiber laser technologies.     

Measurement of cross-phase modulation in optical materials through the direct measurement of the optical phase change

We measure the cross-phase modulation (XPM) nonlinear indices of optical materials resulting from the interaction of an ultrashort pump pulse at 800 nm with a weak ultrashort probe pulse at 400 nm through the direct measurement of the optical phase change, using frequency-resolved optical gating. The materials studied include fused silica (SiO(2)) , borosilicate glass (BK-7), beta-BBO , and KD(*)P . This method results in a XPM nonlinear index that is in agreement with calculations based on nonlinear indices from previous self-phase modulation measurements.     

新型高效率微带型光导开关脉冲产生器输出特性的研究

介绍了一种新型的高效率微带型光导开关超短电脉冲产生器结构。从理论上研究了这种产生器在高偏压工作的情况下，超短光脉冲和光导开关参量对输出电脉冲特性的影响，并给出了实验结果。     

T-scanner for measuring pulse durations

A method for ultrashort pulse-duration measurement is analysed both theoretically and experimentally. The approach is based on a time-resolved induced phase modulation of a probe beam-pulse in a two-colour Z-scan configuration. The experimental results presented are in good agreement with the simple analytical result derived for retrieving unknown pulse width.