Closed ideals of a quasianalytic Fréchet algebra

In this note, we examine the structure of closed ideals of a quasianalytic weighted Beurling algebra A\cal {A}. This algebra is contained in C^￥ (G){\cal C}^\infty (\mit\Gamma) and contains the set A^￥ (D)A^\infty (D). Like in a previous article (see [6]), we use division properties and we give a characterization of closed ideals I such that I?A^￥ 1 { 0}I\cap A^\infty\! \ne \{ 0\} . Then, we use a factorization property proved in [2], which allows us to describe all the closed ideals of A\cal {A}.     

Fréchet algebras,formal power series,and analytic structure

The notion of locally Riemann algebras is introduced. By studying the ideal structure of Fréchet algebras, we provide sufficient conditions for the existence of local analytic structure in the spectrum of a Fréchet algebra, and, as a welcome bonus, we characterize locally Riemann algebras.     

Real analytic curves in Fréchet spaces and their duals

The following results are presented: 1) a characterization through the Liouville property of those Stein manifoldsU such that every germ of holomorphic functions on xU can be developed locally as a vector-valued Taylor series in the first variable with values inH(U); 2) ifT is a surjective convolution operator on the space of scalar-valued real analytic functions, one can find a solutionu of the equationT u=f which depends holomorphically on the parameterz wheneverf depends in the same manner. These results are obtained as an application of a thorough study of vector-valued real analytic maps by means of the modern functional analytic tools. In particular, we give a tensor product representation and a characterization of those Fréchet spaces or LB-spacesE for whichE-valued real analytic functions defined via composition with functionals and via suitably convergent Taylor series are the same.     

Basic Sequences in the Dual of a Fréchet Space

In this paper we study some properties of basic sequences in the dual of a Fréechet space. As a consequence we obtain that if E is a Fréechet space with the property that for each closed subspace F of E and each bounded subset B of E/F there is a bounded subset A of E with φ(A) = B, where φ denotes the canonical surjection of E onto E/F, then one of the following conditions is at least satisfied: 1. E is a Banach space, 2. E is a Schwartz space, 3. E is the product of a Banach space by ω. Finally, we also obtain some results concerning totally reflexive spaces.     

A non-trivial Fréchet quotient of the space of real analytic functions

We prove that the space of real analytic functions ${\cal A}(\Omega)$ on an arbitrary open set $\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ has a Fréchet infinite dimensional quotient space with a continuous norm. Received: 4 February 2002     

Resolutions of the identity in Fréchet spaces

It is a classical result that every Bade -complete Boolean algebra of (selfadjoint) projections in a separable Hilbert space coincides with the projections forming the resolution of the identity of some bounded selfadjoint operator. This result is extended to the setting of separable Fréchet spaces. Namely, every Bade -complete Boolean algebra of projections in such a space coincides with the resolution of the identity of some (continuous) scalar-type spectral operator having spectrum a compact subset of.     

Compact homomorphisms between uniform Fréchet algebras

We study compact homomorphisms between uniform Fréchet algebras, by analyzing the behavior of its spectral adjoint on the underlying spectrum. We prove that every compact homomorphism between uniform Fréchet algebras actually ranges into a uniform Banach algebra, and that its spectral adjointmaps τ-bounded subsets into relatively τ-compact subsets, when τ is the strong or the compact-open topology.     

Separable Reduction in the Theory of Fréchet Subdifferentials

We prove a separable reduction theorem for the Fréchet subdifferential that contains all earlier results of that sort as particular cases.     

Characterizations of nuclearity in Fréchet spaces

We extend the result of A. Bellow (Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA73, No. 6 (1976), 1798–1799) on the characterization of finite-dimensional Banach spaces, to a characterization of nuclearity for Fréchet spaces. Those spaces are nuclear iff every Pettis-bounded and Pettis-uniformly integrable amart is mean convergent. Several other characterizations are given.     

Weak and strong convergence of amarts in Fréchet spaces

Several new characterizations of nuclearity in Fréchet spaces are proved. The most important one states tat a Fréchet space is nuclear if and only if every mean bounded amart is strongly a.s. convergent. This extends the result in [A. Bellow, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA73, No. 6 (1976), 1798–1799] in a more positive way, and gives a different proof of it. The results of Brunel and Sucheston [C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. A (1976), 1011–1014], are extended to yield the same characterization of reflexivity of a Fréchet space in terms of weak convergence a.s. of weak amarts.     

On the Fréchet derivative of matrix functions

In 1956 Rinehart [4] discussed the derivatives of matrix functions by considering differences ƒ(A + E) − ƒ(A) for matrices E commuting with A. In that case the derivative turned out to be ƒ′(A). In this paper the case of noncommutative A and E is treated. This leads to the Fréchet derivative of the matrix function ƒ. An explicit integral representation is obtained. Using an approach that is similar to the one in [5], a finite sum in polynomials of A is obtained. The coefficients may be computed recursively. This is useful in computing the Fréchet derivative which is needed for Newton's method to solve nonlinear matrix equations.     

Double convergence and products of Fréchet spaces

The paper is devoted to convergence of double sequences and its application to products. In a convergence space we recognize three types of double convergences and points, respectively. We give examples and describe their structure and properties. We investigate the relationship between the topological and convergence closure product of two Fréchet spaces. In particular, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the topological product of two compact Hausdorff Fréchet spaces to be a Fréchet space.     

Limiting behaviour of Fréchet means in the space of phylogenetic trees

As demonstrated in our previous work on \({\varvec{T}}_{\!4}\), the space of phylogenetic trees with four leaves, the topological structure of the space plays an important role in the non-classical limiting behaviour of the sample Fréchet means in \({\varvec{T}}_{\!4}\). Nevertheless, the techniques used in that paper cannot be adapted to analyse Fréchet means in the space \({\varvec{T}}_{\!m}\) of phylogenetic trees with \(m(\geqslant \!5)\) leaves. To investigate the latter, this paper first studies the log map of \({\varvec{T}}_{\!m}\). Then, in terms of a modified version of this map, we characterise Fréchet means in \({\varvec{T}}_{\!m}\) that lie in top-dimensional or co-dimension one strata. We derive the limiting distributions for the corresponding sample Fréchet means, generalising our previous results. In particular, the results show that, although they are related to the Gaussian distribution, the forms taken by the limiting distributions depend on the co-dimensions of the strata in which the Fréchet means lie.     

Coorbit Spaces with Voice in a Fréchet Space

We set up a new general coorbit space theory for reproducing representations of a locally compact second countable group G that are not necessarily irreducible nor integrable. Our basic assumption is that the kernel associated with the voice transform belongs to a Fréchet space \(\mathcal T\) of functions on G, which generalizes the classical choice \(\mathcal T=L_w^1(G)\). Our basic example is \( \mathcal T=\bigcap _{p\in (1,+\infty )} L^p(G)\), or a weighted versions of it. By means of this choice it is possible to treat, for instance, Paley-Wiener spaces and coorbit spaces related to Shannon wavelets and Schrödingerlets.     

Fréchet approach in second-order optimization

We state a certain second-order sufficient optimality condition for functions defined in infinite-dimensional spaces by means of generalized Fréchet’s approach to second-order differentiability. Moreover, we show that this condition generalizes a certain second-order condition obtained in finite-dimensional spaces.