EXCEL在物理实验数据处理中的应用研究

介绍了用Excel软件对实验数据进行计算平均值、标准偏差、拟合方程的方法.通过举例介绍了Excel软件在作图,直线方程拟合方面的应用技巧.实践表明:用Excel软件处理实验数据具有快捷、直观、简易的优点,掌握Excel软件能够有效的提高学生对实验数据处理的能力.     

巧用Excel处理大学物理实验数据

以霍尔元件测量磁场为例,介绍了用Excel软件对实验数据进行分析处理的一般过程.结果表明利用Excel处理物理实验数据能大大减轻学生繁杂的数据计算及处理步骤,有效避免了手工处理所带来的误差,并且能满足一般的实验作图要求,适宜在大学物理实验数据处理方面推广应用.     

光电效应法测普朗克常数仿真实验数据处理中的替代方法及教学实践

在采用光电效应法测普朗克常数仿真实验的操作环节的基础上,在其数据处理环节提出使用Excel数据处理功能进行处理的替代方法。在绘制反向伏安特性曲线方面Excel法能达到仿真实验输出结果的同样水准,在增添测量数据、精确读取拐点数值等方面,Excel更灵活、更准确;在计算普朗克常数、电子逸出功、红限时,使用Excel工具能让学生对物理概念了解得更充分,更透彻。     

借助Excel程序处理光电效应及普朗克常数的测定实验数据

以光电效应及普朗克常数的测定实验为例,介绍了excel软件在实验数据处理中的应用。与传统的手工处理实验数据相比,Excel软件简化了计算过程,提高了计算结果的准确性,增强了学生的整体素质,为学生将来的工作和科研学习奠定了基础。     

密立根油滴实验数据的计算机处理

本文主要给出了利用VB编制的处理密立根油滴实验数据的程序,解决了数据处理的复杂计算的问题,利用该程序软件处理测定的电子电量值与标称值符合得较好,使该实验可以作为综合实验安排．     

逐差法和Excel在牛顿环实验数据处理中的比较

逐差法是牛顿环实验中测量透镜曲率半径的常用数据处理方法。运用Excel软件对牛顿环实验数据计算、绘图和线性拟合,可以提高数据处理的效率,降低实验误差。     

基于Excel的实验数据最小二乘法计算探讨

最小二乘法是实验数据处理中最重要的方法之一，但因其计算比较繁杂，教学中使用较困难。本对Excel中三种计算方法进行比较，探讨最小二乘法计算的简便方法。     

利用智能手机外设传感器可视化测量导热系数

基于传统导热系数的测量方法,将集成式温度传感器换为测温更加灵敏且能通过蓝牙与智能手机连接实现可视化测温的探针温度传感器,利用其配套软件导出实验数据至手机Excel并直接利用手机Excel拟合出“温度-时间”曲线,计算待测物体的导热系数.研究结果表明,与传统方法相比探针法测得的实验结果相对误差更小、不确定度也更小.利用智能手机外设传感器进行可视化测量,不仅可以扩充智能手机的物理测量范围,还可以发挥智能手机的计算功能,从而在一部手机上完成物理测量和数据处理的全过程,方便开展居家实验,为今后创新性实验研究开创新的思路.     

Matlab软件和逐差法在共振法和相位法测量超声声速中的应用

共振法和相位法可以测量声速,本文使用逐差法处理实验数据以减小实验中的随机误差和仪器误差。实验中测量的物理量较多,人工处理数据比较繁琐,且容易出错。因此,本文使用Matlab软件和逐差法处理数据。把测量的实验数据和仪器不确定度输入Excel表格中,然后把Excel文件引入到Matlab软件中,运行逐差法计算的程序后可以直接得到声速,以及测量的百分差和相对不确定度,处理过程快捷精确。经过计算发现:相位法测量声速的百分差略低于共振法测量声速的百分差。     

物理传感技术实验的数据处理方法探讨

用计算机软件（MS Excel、MatLab、Origin）对实验数据进行数值计算和绘图处理。教学实践表明,计算机辅助物理传感技术实验数据处理使得数据处理过程简便,大大提高实验数据处理效率,且结果直观正确,并使物理传感技术实验教学更丰富,更高效。     

VB语言环境下基于串口通信的光纤光栅传感网络分析软件的设计

 为了更方便地编写基于串口通信的光纤光栅传感网络的分析软件,实现对光纤光栅传感网络的远程控制,设计了一种VB语言环境下编写光纤光栅传感网络的分析软件的方法。利用VB语言环境实现了PC机和单片机之间串口通信、PC机对单片机的控制、数据处理以及图形绘制功能。并利用已标定的光纤光栅对可调谐激光器解调法的光纤光栅传感网络及其解调软件的精确性和实用性进行测定。实验结果表明该软件具有设计简单、工作稳定的特点。本文也为光纤光栅传感网络的远程控制和联网控制提出了思路。     

Monte-Carlo拟合算法及其在电子动量谱学实验数据处理中应用的研究

介绍了一种新的Monte-Carlo曲线拟合算法,由于新算法具有比其他迭代算法拟合更加稳定的优势,解决了电子动量谱学实验数据处理中遇到的电离能谱能峰叠加引起的拟合效果不佳的问题.利用VB语言编写的基于以上方法的拟合程序处理CF2Br2分子的动量谱学实验数据,与基于Levenberg-Marquardt算法的PeakFit软件处理的结果进行比较,结果明显优于后者,并由此明确的重新指认了之前动量谱学方法无法指认的CF2Br2分子的价壳层最外四个轨道4b2,2a2,4b1和6a1的排序,肯定了Hartree-Fock和外价壳层格林函数方法(OVGF)的理论计算结果,而修正了光电子谱学实验的指认.     

d-Symmetry superconductivity as a consequence of valence-bond type correlations

It is shown that d _x ²−y ² symmetry of superconducting order due to valence bond (VB) type correlations is possible. The VB correlations are compatible with antiferromagnetic (AF) spin order. For the two-dimensional Hubbard model with arbitrary doping, the variational method of local unitary transformations is used to construct explicitly a uniform state with VB structure. The d-channel attraction of holes is a consequence of the modulation of hops by the populations of centers accompanying VB formation, and the parameters of the modulation are determined variationally. The increase in the density of states at the Fermi level accompanying AF splitting of the band, which is absent in the paramagnetic state, is important for the gap width. The gap width and its ratio to T _c are of the order of 2Δ≃0.1t and 2Δ/kT _c≃4–4.5 with U/t≃8. The agreement between the phase diagram found and experiment is discussed. Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 67, No. 5, 350–355 (10 March 1998)     

Outcome of laryngeal and velopharyngeal biofeedback treatment in children and young adults: A pilot study

A relatively new management strategy for the treatment of voice disorders is the use of laryngeal (LB) and velopharyngeal biofeedback (VB). The main purpose of the present pilot study is to document the outcome of vocal and velopharyngeal performances after a well-defined LB and VB treatment. Four subjects were studied pretreatment (1 week before LB or VB treatment) and posttreatment (1 week after the LB or VB treatment). To measure and compare the effect of LB and VB, objective and subjective assessment techniques were used. Perceptual voice assessment included a perceptual rating of the voice using the GRBAS scale. Furthermore, the vocal quality in this population is modeled by means of the Dysphonia Severity Index. For the objective assessment of nasal resonance, the Nasometer and the Glatzel test were used. A perceptual evaluation of speech, the Gutzmann test, and the tests from Bzoch were used as subjective assessment techniques. Both patients selected for LB and VB treatment showed improvement of their performances. The resulting improvement, as measured by means of an objective approach, is in agreement with the perceived (auditory) improvement of voice and resonance. The use of LB and VB treatment in patients, especially in some subjects who are not responding to traditional voice or velopharyngeal therapy, must be encouraged.     

Strong valence-band offset bowing of ZnO1-xSx enhances p-type nitrogen doping of ZnO-like alloys

Photoelectron spectroscopy, optical characterization, and density functional calculations of ZnO1-xSx reveal that the valence-band (VB) offset E(v)(x) increases strongly for small S content, whereas the conduction-band edge E(c)(x) increases only weakly. This is explained as the formation of local ZnS-like bonds in the ZnO host, which mainly affects the VB edge and thereby narrows the energy gap: E(g)(x=0.28) approximately E(g)(ZnO)-0.6 eV. The low-energy absorption tail is a direct Gamma(v)-->Gamma(c) transition from ZnS-like VB. The VB bowing can be utilized to enhance p-type N(O) doping with lower formation energy DeltaH(f) and shallower acceptor state in the ZnO-like alloys.     

Control and image processing for streak tube imaging lidar based on VB and MATLAB

In this letter, we develope a control and image processing system for Streak Tube Imaging Lidar （STIL）. In the system, the data acquisition card control and the software interface are programmed in Visual Basic （VB） while the image processing is finished by MATLAB. A STIL imaging experiment is carried out in the laboratory. We obtained the intensity and range images of targets with pseudo color by image processing and reconstruction for a set of raw streak images of targets at different distances acquired by STIL. The range resolution is better than 2 centimeters.     

荧光法测定果蔬中抗坏血酸和核黄素

本文采用荧光法测定果蔬中Ｖｃ和ＶＢ２，方法特异性强，灵敏度高，回收率达９４．５％和９４．０％。     

维生素B12与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光法研究

用荧光光谱法和紫外吸收光谱法研究了生理条件下维生素B12与牛血清白蛋白之间的相互作用。结果表明,维生素B12对牛血清白蛋白的荧光有猝灭作用,其猝灭过程属于静态猝灭。通过计算得出维生素B12与牛血清白蛋白的结合常数及结合位点数。根据Foerster非辐射能量转移理论,测得维生素B12与牛血清白蛋白的能量转移效率E=0.1091,维生素B12与牛血清白蛋白的结合位置距离212位的色氨酸残基为6.29nm。同时采用同步荧光光谱法研究了维生素B12对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响。