电感耦合等离子体质谱用于多组分免疫分析研究进展

免疫分析在临床医学检测领域具有重要的地位.本课题组提出了基于电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)的免疫分析方法,利用元素标记技术结合ICP-MS检测实现多组分免疫分析.随后,研究人员在该领域做了大量研究工作,证明该方法可用于从小分子、蛋白质、核酸到细胞等一系列生物样品的检测.本文综述了基于ICP-MS免疫分析方法的特点,对其发展方向进行了展望,希望为该领域的研究工作提供参考.     

基于电感耦合等离子体质谱的生物分析

ESI/MALDI-MS在生物分子结构鉴定方面的优势是ICP-MS无法匹敌的;另一方面,针对生物分子的定量分析,ICP-MS因化学选择性和生物特异性元素标记策略的发展而极具优势。它们的联合使用必将为生物分析(特别是定量蛋白质组学和金属组学研究)提供解决问题的新途径,这时我们需要一个化学集成器(chemical hub)针对目标生物分子或细胞正交集成运用ESI/MALDI-MS和ICP-MS而不是简单地物理平行使用,使得ICP-MS知道定量的是何种生物分子或细胞,这对未知生物分子或细胞的发现和绝对定量十分重要。     

ICP—MS在线定量分析气溶胶粒子的技术研究

对感应耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)在线快速定量分析气溶胶粒子技术进行了研究.振荡床发生稀土气溶胶粒子,将ICP-MS测得的离子簇脉冲数浓度与凝结核粒子计数器的读数比较,得到ICP-MS对粒子数浓度的相对计数效率.结果表明,ICP-MS对粒子数浓度的计数效率接近1.用振动孔气溶胶发生器发生单分散的硝酸铽粒子,并将ICP-MS测得的粒子中铽的响应信号与气溶胶发生器的计算值比较,获得了ICP-MS质量探测效率与质量的关系.在粒子物理直径实验范围内(0.4 ～3 μm),ICP-MS探测到的离子数与粒子中Tb的质量呈线性关系,表明在该范围内探测效率与粒径无关.初步研究结果表明,用ICP-MS既可进行连续气溶胶粒子的化学定量分析,也可进行每秒10个单粒子的化学定量分析.ICP-MS在环境气溶胶在线快速分析,尤其是气溶胶粒子中难熔金属和超铀元素超痕量在线环境监测方面具有潜在的应用前景.     

钢铁及其合金和铁矿石中稀土分析方法进展

稀土是钢铁工业中重要检测项目。由于稀土各元素的化学性质非常相似,所以稀土分量的分析是分析化学工作者面临的比较困难的课题。随着仪器分析技术的出现。如ICP-AES、ICP-MS、NAA、XRF、IC等,使稀土分量的分析变得简便、灵敏。近十年来,国外已比较广泛地利用上述仪器分析手段测定各类材料中稀土,我国有些行业也开展了这方面的研究工作,但为数不多。而能够分析稀土总量或轻稀土的光度分析却显得十分活跃。本文评述内容为近十年来我国钢铁工业中稀土元素的分析情况。 1 光度分析法 我国分析工作者对光度法分析稀土做了大量的研究工作,又合成了一些新的稀土显色剂,但大多数属稀土总量或铈组稀土显色剂,缺少重稀土显色剂。近十年来的研究和应用主要是偶氮类和单偶氮类显色剂。 1.1 偶氮氯膦法(见表1) 潘教麦等人的研究发现,某些有对位基团的偶     

电感耦合等离子体质谱分析生物样品的研究进展

高灵敏准确地分析蛋白质、核酸、细胞等生物样品,有助于疾病的诊断与治疗。近年来,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术在生物样品分析中的应用受到广泛关注。由于ICP-MS具有高灵敏度、可多元素同时分析和快速定量分析等优点,非常适于分析生物样品。对于生物样品的分析,通常采用可稳定结合的外源性金属元素作为标记探针进行分析。本文首先评述了3种最常用的元素标记探针,即金属纳米粒子、金属螯合物和含金属的聚合物探针的研究进展,然后综述了近年来基于元素标记策略的ICP-MS在蛋白质、核酸(DNA、 RNA)和细胞分析方面的应用,最后对ICP-MS分析生物样品的研究进行了总结与展望。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)联用技术的应用及展望

总结了ICP-MS联用技术在国内外检测领域的最新应用,并就"分离器与ICP-MS"、"进样系统与ICP-MS"、"ICP-MS与其它仪器物理联用"等联用技术进行了分类、拓展和总结。ICP-MS联用技术的发展重点将倾向于提高分析精密度、复杂基体元素超痕量分析、同位素比值及形态研究领域,相关联用技术的国家标准或行业标准出台已迫在眉睫。     

硅胶及其负载酸在糖化学中的应用研究进展

硅胶及其负载酸在有机合成中有着极其广泛的应用.结合我们的研究工作,系统综述了硅胶及其负载酸在糖化学中的应用研究进展.主要内容包括它们在糖苷化、官能团转化以及水解反应方面的应用.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱技术在法庭科学中的研究和应用进展

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)具有灵敏度高、干扰少、选择性好、适合进行超痕量多元素同时分析和同位素比值的测定等优点,在法庭科学中得到了广泛应用.综合归纳了ICP-MS技术在重金属及有害元素投(中)毒案件、食品药品环境分析、交通肇事及涉枪等案(事)件中重金属及微量元素分析中的应用.介绍了不同检材的样品前处理方法以及如何减少基体干扰,并且综述了优化ICP-MS仪器参数和碰撞反应池技术以消除质谱干扰,展望了ICP-MS在法庭科学中的应用.     

金属组学：高通量分析技术进展与展望

金属组学是系统研究一种细胞、组织或完整生物体内全部金属原子的分布、含量、化学种态及其功能的新兴综合学科,它的提出受到人们越来越多的关注。本文综述了金属组学的研究方法,并对各种方法的特点和局限性做了比较说明．ICP-MS与NAA技术可实现多元素同时定量分析,同步辐射微束CT及μRF,EDX,PIXE,SIMS及LA-ICP—MS亦可实现金属组分布研究．金属组学研究目前正处于发展初期,仍有许多困难特别是分析仪器及方法方面的问题有待解决．已有的金属组形态及结构分析工作大多数采用的是较低效率的分析方法,一些正在发展中的关键技术平台,如HTXAS可真正实现高通量的形态或结构分析．此外,生物信息学有望成为金属组学研究的重要工具之一．     

微流动注射-等离子体质谱直接测定白酒中铅和镉

研制了多采样体积的微流控芯片, 结合普通的八通阀实现了等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)亚微升级样品的进样. 研究了白酒基体[52%(体积分数)乙醇]引入量对ICP的稳定性和裂解后所产生碳干扰的情况, 考察了进样体积与灵敏度的关系, 并优化了载流流速. 实验结果表明, 当进样量低于0.8 μL时, ICP-MS能长时间正常运行, 未出现积碳现象; 进一步将进样量降到0.3 μL以下, 可消除白酒基体中的碳所引入的质谱干扰. 在此基础上建立了用微流动注射ICP-MS直接测定白酒中Pb和Cd的方法, 每小时可分析45个样品, Pb和Cd的检出限分别为12和42 ng/L. 以水标准溶液直接测定了6个白酒样品中的Cd和Pb含量, 结果与微波消解-常规进样系统ICP-MS的分析结果一致.     

On the application of ICP-MS techniques for measuring uranium and plutonium: a Nordic inter-laboratory comparison exercise

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques are widely used for determination of long-lived radionuclides and their isotopic ratios in the nuclear fields. Uranium (U) and Plutonium (Pu) isotopes have been determined by many researchers with ICP-MS due to its relatively high sensitivity and short measurement time. In this work, an inter-laboratory comparison exercise among the Nordic countries was performed, focusing on the measurement of U and Pu isotopes in certified reference materials by ICP-MS. The performance and characters of different ICP-MS instruments are evaluated and discussed in this paper.     

The Application of ICP-MS for Non-ferrous Metals Analysis

This paper reviews the current application of ICP-MS in non-ferrous metals analysis. Many analytical techniques that deal with the samples preparation,samples introduction, spectroscopic matrix interference, calibration and data treatment for non-ferrous metals analysis of ICP-MS are discussed. More and more fields such as geological,environment, biology and industry adopt ICP-MS as main analytical means for non-ferrous metals.     

Element-tagged immunoassay with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for multianalyte detection

The multianalyte immunoassay approach is currently attracting increasing attention due to its high sample throughput, short assay time, low sample consumption and reduced overall cost per assay. This paper reviews progress in the field of multianalyte immunoassays using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, as well as applications of this approach in different fields. Examples related to the combination of protein microarray technology with the multitag approach of the immunoassay ICP-MS method and to the use of ICP-MS in the field of imaging are described. A novel strategy that involves tagging antibodies for ICP-MS detection in sensitive multitag bioassays is also presented. Finally, the outlook for this promising technique is discussed.     

Multi-element determination in earthworms with instrumental neutron activation analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: A comparison

Earthworms were collected from agricultural fields in Admont, Graz, Piber and Gumpenstein, Austria. Six earthworm samples were investigated with INAA and with ICP-MS in parallel for the element concentrations of As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se and Zn. With both techniques 14 elements were analysed in a wide concentration range (ng/g to mg/g) GF-AAS and HG-AAS were used for verification of some element concentrations. A comparison of analytical results between INAA and ICP-MS was discussed. In general, good agreement between ICP-MS and INAA was obtained, the relative difference values of most of the elements are within ±20% range, however, a methodical error for the determination of Hg by ICP-MS was found.     

A tutorial and mini-review of the ICP-MS technique for determinations of transition metal ion and main group element concentration in the neurodegenerative and brain sciences

Abstract  

New techniques in the biosciences are always welcomed and important. Reviews help in updating and disseminating information in scientific fields, especially when there are many advances such as in the vital area in neuroscience. Herein is a recent review of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in the context of trace elements, relating to neurodegenerative diseases. The accurate determination of such elemental distributions in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, etc. allows for a better understanding of such diseases and relates to the sensitivity and scope of the ICP-MS technique. The elements detected are often “trace” and can be analyzed for both body tissues and fluids. We discuss the practical use of ICP-MS. This includes the explanations of the instrumental setup, elements and their detection limits, a brief comparison of ICP-MS with other inorganic analysis instruments, sample preparation, and the analysis method. Next, we discuss neurodegenerative disease and metal ion analysis with ICP-MS. This includes introductions to neurodegenerative diseases, tissue analysis, fluid analysis, and bioimaging of metals in brain tissue samples, and protein analysis application with metals and ICP-MS, broken down into the subtopics of (1) isotope dilution analysis, (2) related immunoassay techniques, and (3) hyphenated instrumental applications. This article is meant to be a primer for a synthetic chemist interested in utilizing this technique and is current through the middle of 2010.     

Isotopic analyses by ICP-MS in clinical samples

This critical review focuses on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) based applications for isotope abundance ratio measurements in various clinical samples relevant to monitoring occupational or environmental exposure, human provenancing and reconstruction of migration pathways as well as metabolic research. It starts with a brief overview of recent advances in ICP-MS instrumentation, followed by selected examples that cover the fields of accurate analyte quantification using isotope dilution, tracer studies in nutrition and toxicology, and areas relying upon natural or man-made variations in isotope abundance ratios (Pb, Sr, actinides and stable heavy elements). Finally, some suggestions on future developments in the field are provided.     

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and electrospray mass spectrometry for speciation analysis: applications and instrumentation

To gain an understanding of the function, toxicity and distribution of trace elements, it is necessary to determine not only the presence and concentration of the elements of interest, but also their speciation, by identifying and characterizing the compounds within which each is present. For sensitive detection of compounds containing elements of interest, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a popular method, and for identification of compounds via determination of molecular weight, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is gaining increasing use. ICP-MS and ESI-MS, usually coupled to a separation technique such as chromatography or capillary electrophoresis, have already been applied to a large number of research problems in such diverse fields as environmental chemistry, nutritional science, and bioinorganic chemistry, but a great deal of work remains to be completed. Current areas of research to which ICP-MS and ESI-MS have been applied are discussed, and the existing instrumentation used to solve speciation problems is described.     

Precise and accurate isotope ratio measurements by ICP-MS

The precise and accurate determination of isotope ratios by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS) is important for quite different application fields (e.g. for isotope ratio measurements of stable isotopes in nature, especially for the investigation of isotope variation in nature or age dating, for determining isotope ratios of radiogenic elements in the nuclear industry, quality assurance of fuel material, for reprocessing plants, nuclear material accounting and radioactive waste control, for tracer experiments using stable isotopes or long-lived radionuclides in biological or medical studies). Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), which used to be the dominant analytical technique for precise isotope ratio measurements, is being increasingly replaced for isotope ratio measurements by ICP-MS due to its excellent sensitivity, precision and good accuracy. Instrumental progress in ICP-MS was achieved by the introduction of the collision cell interface in order to dissociate many disturbing argon-based molecular ions, thermalize the ions and neutralize the disturbing argon ions of plasma gas (Ar+). The application of the collision cell in ICP-QMS results in a higher ion transmission, improved sensitivity and better precision of isotope ratio measurements compared to quadrupole ICP-MS without the collision cell [e.g., for 235U/238U approximately 1 (10 microg x L(-1) uranium) 0.07% relative standard deviation (RSD) vs. 0.2% RSD in short-term measurements (n = 5)]. A significant instrumental improvement for ICP-MS is the multicollector device (MC-ICP-MS) in order to obtain a better precision of isotope ratio measurements (with a precision of up to 0.002%, RSD). CE- and HPLC-ICP-MS are used for the separation of isobaric interferences of long-lived radionuclides and stable isotopes by determination of spallation nuclide abundances in an irradiated tantalum target.     

Trace element speciation by ICP-MS in large biomolecules and its potential for proteomics

Latest studies on the chemical association of trace elements to large biomolecules and their importance on the bioinorganic and clinical fields are examined. The complexity of the speciation of metal-biomolecules associations in various biological fluids is stressed. Analytical strategies to tackle speciation analysis and the-state-of-the-art of the instrumentation employed for this purpose are critically reviewed. Hyphenated techniques based on coupling chromatographic separation techniques with ICP-MS detection are now established as the most realistic and potent analytical tools available for real-life speciation analysis. Therefore, the status and potential of metal and semimetals elemental speciation in large biocompounds using ICP-MS detection is mainly focused here by reviewing reported metallo-complexes separations using size-exclusion (SEC), ion-exchange (IE), reverse phase chromatography (RP) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). Species of interest include coordination complexes of metals with larger proteins (e.g. in serum, breat milk, etc.) and metallothioneins (e.g. in cytosols from animals and plants) as well as selenoproteins (e.g. in nutritional supplements), DNA-cisplatin adducts and metal/semimetal binding to carbohydrates. An effort is made to assess the potential of present trace elements speciation knowledge and techniques for "heteroatom-tagged" (via ICP-MS) proteomics.     

The role of sulfur and sulfur isotope dilution analysis in quantitative protein analysis

The element sulfur is almost omnipresent in all natural proteomes and plays a key role in protein quantification. Incorporated in the amino acids cysteine and methionine, it has been served as target for many protein-labeling reactions in classic quantitative proteomic approaches based on electrospray or MALDI mass spectrometry. This critical review discusses the potential and limitations of sulfur isotope dilution analysis (IDA) by inductively coupled plasma—mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for absolute protein quantification. The development of this approach was made possible due to the improved sensitivity and accuracy of sulfur isotope ratio measurement by ICP-MS in recent years. The unique feature of ICP-MS, compound-independent ionization, enables compound (species)-unspecific sulfur IDA. This has the main advantage that only one generic sulfur standard (i.e., one isotopically labeled sulfur spike) is required to quantify each peptide or protein in a sample provided that they are completely separated in chromatography or electrophoresis and that their identities are known. The principles of this approach are illustrated with selected examples from the literature. The discussion includes also related fields of P/S and metal/S ratio measurements for the determination of phosphorylation degrees of proteins and stoichiometries in metalloproteins, respectively. Emerging new areas and future trends such as protein derivatization with metal tags for improved sensitivity of protein detection in ICP-MS are discussed. Figure The key role of sulfur in protein quantification