固体火箭发动机低空羽流场的相似研究

本文针对固体火箭发动机低空羽流场的数据外推问题进行研究。应用相似方法分析发动机低空羽流场模型,整理相似准则及相似条件。简化相似模型,根据工程计算半经验方法,拟和低空羽流温度场的计算公式,计算结果与工程计算数据基本吻合,验证了相似方法的可行性。     

固体火箭发动机虚拟试验技术初探和应用

为改进固体火箭发动机传统试验模式存在的资源瓶颈、试验性能难以预示等问题,在固体火箭发动机试验与测试领域引入虚拟试验技术,设计并开发了固体火箭发动机虚拟试验基础系统;阐述了固体火箭发动机试验模型、试车架模型的建模方法,利用均匀设计方法分析影响内弹道数据的主要因素权重,以修正虚拟试验内弹道数据;针对某型号固体火箭发动机进行虚拟验证,试验结果表明,虚拟试验基础系统在一定程度上具有与真实固体火箭发动机地面试验相似的流程和功能,通过修正虚拟试验内弹道数据,进一步降低了虚拟试验结果与真实试验结果间的误差,为深入开展固体火箭发动机虚拟试验技术研究奠定了基础。     

基于CATIA的固体火箭发动机系统设计

发动机图形绘制与性能计算是火箭设计的关键步骤,通过对固体火箭发动机设计过程的分析,提出CATIA参数化图形绘制技术;以单孔管状装药发动机为例,建立了发动机燃烧室与喷管模型,在VC环境下利用CATIA Automation二次开发技术实现了燃烧室与喷管参数化设计,完成了两者装配与动态显示;利用Matcom实现内弹道压力时间曲线计算,发射段轨道分析;最后完成系统软件编制;实际使用情况表明,使用该软件可快速构造发动机,进行全面的性能分析,为固体火箭发动机方案论证与初步设计提供了有力的工具。     

固体火箭发动机振动试验过试验分析与控制

针对固体火箭发动机振动试验过程中出现局部过试验情况影响振动试验质量以及由于响应测点分布的局限性导致试验周期延长等问题,采用有限元技术与实际试验方法相结合,构建振动力源、试验夹具和固体火箭发动机一体化有限元模型。应用此模型进行振动试验系统动态力传递特性研究,找出振动力源、试验夹具和发动机之间动态力传递规律,选择合适的控制点与控制策略,改善振动试验局部过试验问题,提高振动试验质量,缩短试验周期。     

固体火箭发动机尾焰电磁波衰减试验验证技术研究

通过对固体火箭发动机地面试验现场环境及尾焰电磁波衰减近场测试技术进行研究,设计了基于矢量网络分析仪的固体火箭发动机尾焰电磁波衰减试验验证系统,介绍了尾焰电磁波衰减试验验证总体方案,现场测试方法,尾焰电磁波衰减现场测试系统硬件组成,测试系统原位校准技术,现场测试天线构建和天线位置校准方法等的研究。对构建好的测试系统进行了工程应用,并取得了良好的试验效果。     

基于CATIA的固体火箭发动机系统中的三维参数化设计

为了提高固体火箭发动机系统的动态交互能力,方便用户直观地了解固体火箭发动机的内部结构,结合CATIA强大的三维建模能力,完成了该系统中最重要的三维参数化设计;以VC++为编程环境,运用CATIA自动化对象编程(V5 Automation)提供的二次开发接口,实现了固体火箭发动机系统中的三维绘图模块,同时介绍了两种在VC框架内动态显示CATIA三维模型的方法;实践证明,该系统能够快速的确定固体火箭发动机外形尺寸、标志量等设计参数,为固体火箭发动机的初步设计提供有效的帮助。     

固体火箭发动机振动试验夹具优化分析与研究

通过相同激励条件下对三种典型振动试验夹具进行宽频段随机振动试验分析,发现夹具在试验频段内出现不同程度的共振现象,过试验现象严重。通过三种典型振动试验夹具质量、一阶固有频率、位移变化量及应变变化量等数据对比、分析,得出影响振动试验夹具振动传递特性的主要因素,以影响因素为优化变量,以典型部位平均响应与输入的振动传递比为优化目标,进行拓扑优化设计,最终经过夹具振动试验验证,过试验情况得到有效控制,满足相关规范要求,为固体火箭发动机振动试验控制提供保障。     

固体火箭发动机羽流辐射光谱测温方法研究

固体火箭发动机羽流具有高温、高速与强辐射特征,羽流温度是发动机工作状态与性能的重要表征参数。准确测量固体火箭发动机羽流温度对了解发动机内部燃烧情况以及发动机综合性能具有重要的参考价值。随着激光与光谱学的发展,激光光谱技术逐步应用于固体推进剂燃烧及发动机羽流温度测量。辐射光谱测温法通过测量火焰辐射光谱来实现温度的非接触在线测量,具有测温范围宽、响应快及可靠性高等优点,可应用于固体火箭发动机羽流温度测量。在此提出了基于火焰辐射光谱的固体火箭发动机羽流温度测量方法,采用350～1 000 nm波段光纤光谱仪搭建了发动机羽流火焰辐射光谱测量系统,利用标准辐射黑体炉开展光谱仪响应系数标定,获得响应系数随波长的变化曲线,并以此用作羽流辐射光谱数据修正。之后将该测量系统应用于标准Φ118固体火箭发动机地面试验,开展典型12%铝质量含量推进剂发动机羽流辐射光谱实验测量,选取不同时刻羽流辐射光谱分析了发动机羽流辐射光谱特征,并利用双色法灰性判断原理对羽流火焰灰体特性进行讨论,验证在675～745 nm波段发动机羽流火焰辐射可近似认为灰体,该波段辐射率随波长变化最大相对偏差为4.01%,相对均方差为1.53%。因此,基于普朗克辐射定律开展辐射光谱拟合参数获得不同时刻羽流温度与辐射率参数,并讨论测量结果与发动机工作状态的关系。最后,开展12%,15%与19%铝质量含量的不同推进剂配方固体火箭发动机羽流辐射光谱测量,将辐射光谱法温度测量值与理论热力计算值进行比较,两者最大偏差值为5.40%,讨论了不同铝含量推进剂发动机羽流辐射光谱特征,并结合温度与辐射率测量结果,分析了固体推进剂铝含量对辐射光谱、羽流温度及辐射率的影响。通过固体火箭发动机羽流辐射光谱测温方法研究,为固体火箭发动机性能评估及推进剂配方优化等研究提供了有效的羽流参数测量手段。分析获得的推进剂铝含量对发动机羽流辐射光谱、温度及辐射率参数的影响,为降低固体发动机羽流特征信号提供了重要的实验数据支撑。     

固体火箭发动机羽流流速TDLAS测量方法研究

针对现有对固体火箭发动机推进剂燃烧时产生的羽流流速测量方法的不足,提出了将可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱（TDLAS）技术应用于羽流流速的测量方法,通过测量燃烧产物中H₂O分子位于1 392 nm处的单根吸收谱线特征,根据多普勒效应建立的光谱频移和分子速度之间的关系来获得气流流速,解决了接触式测量方法会干扰羽流场和传统非接触式测量中示踪粒子不均匀的问题,并且取得了有效试验数据,通过对试验数据进行分析处理,得到了发动机的羽流流速。     

固体火箭发动机多层结构壳体的导波频散特性分析

利用导波对固体火箭发动机的多层结构壳体进行检测是一种很有前景的无损检测方法。本文应用全局矩阵法,推导了多层结构壳体的导波频散方程,并分别针对固体火箭发动机4种不同层数的壳体导波频散曲线进行了求解,发现当结构层数和第一层厚度增加时,各模式曲线的间隔缩小,曲线数目增加,并有向零频方向靠拢的趋势。同时研究了粘接质量变化对频散特征的影响,随着胶层质量相对变差,频散曲线总体向低频漂移。     

Computerized ultrasonic tomography for testing solid propellant rocket motors

Certain types of defects, such as inhomogeneities in, for example, a plastic-like propellant, are not easily detected by pulse-echo techniques, so a through transmission technique is required. However, the shape of the test object may not permit transmission through the object in any required direction as is normally necessary for computerized ultrasonic tomography.A solid propellant rocket motor is such an object and in the course of this work a scanning technique is employed together with a suitable reconstruction algorithm to obtain a reconstructed image of the cross-section under investigation, overcoming the problem of not being able to transmit pulses through the object along every line normally required. Both a computer simulation and a real system were realized for the test object and images were produced from both. The time of flight of an ultrasonic beam through the specimen is the parameter used in the reconstruction (sound velocity measurement).     

Bulk acoustic wave Barker code sequence and the application in ultrasonic NDT

I.IntroductionUptonowtheultrasonicpu1seechotechniquehasbeenwide1yusedinthefieldofnon-destructivetesting.Toachievehightargetreso1ution,narrowpu1seshou1dbeadoptcd.Butthiswill1imitthetransmitpowerandthcdetectab1erange,whichisveryboportantcspecia1lyinthemediumwithstrongacousticattenuation.Itmeansthatthetargetresolutionanddetcctablerangehavccontradictorydcmands.Thcrcforethepulsccompressionandcorre1ationtechniqucdeve1opedinradarsystemhavebeenintroducedintotheultrasonicNDTandsomeprogresseshavebeenp…     

信号处理在超声检测中的应用

文章综合报道了信号处理在超声检测的抑噪、缺陷的定性定量分析及优化驱动信号的几方面应用。     

二维信号分析法在超声无损检测中的应用

本文综述了近年来二维信号分析法在超声无检测（NDT）中的应用,其中包括二维快速Fourier交换（FFT）、Wigner-Ville分布（WWD）、Gabor变换（GT）和小波变换（WT）等,对它们自在NDT应用中的优缺点进行了分析比较和讨论。     

NDT capability of digital shearography for different materials

In this paper, the capabilities of shearography for detecting hole and crack type defects in polymeric and metallic materials using thermal loading were investigated. In order to improve the ability of the identifying defect, the fringe multiplication technique was applied to some suspectable shearography fringe patterns. Based on the test results empirical rules for inspection plates of different material with specific thicknesses were established. For aluminium plates with thicknesses of 3 mm, minimum diameter of a surface breaking hole which is detectable is approximately equal to 2.5–3.0 times the depth of the defect, and for polymer plates with a thickness of 10 mm, the minimum detectable diameter is 0.8–1.3 times of the depth. For polymeric materials results from the increasing temperature period are approximately the same as those from the decreasing temperature period. When the orientation of the image shearing is not perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the crack type defects, the sensitivity for defect detection is relatively higher than with perpendicular image shearing.     

大力矩超声电机

本文综述了大力矩超声电机的应用和研究现状,分析了国内外大力矩超声电机实现的关键问题,展望了大力矩超声电机的应用前景。     

Aluminum combustion in a solid rocket motor environment

A model for prediction of particle radius and oxide cap size/shape versus time for an aluminum particle tracking a stream-tube through a solid rocket motor port has been developed. Following preliminary calculations leading to a postulated flame structure, a quasi-steady model to predict instantaneous consumption of aluminum and generation of condensed oxide (both as a cap on the aluminum particle and as smoke) as a function of instantaneous particle size, ambient conditions, and cumulative amount of oxide in the cap was developed. Finally, this model was imbedded into a framework tracking evolution of particle size, oxide cap size, and ambient conditions, which change as the particle travels along a stream-tube consuming oxidizer and releasing heat. Qualitative agreement was found between predictions and limited observations.     

Development of carbon-carbon nozzle extension for liquid fuel rocket motors

Successful experience of RSC “Energy” and SPA “Iskra” in the development of carbon-carbon extension for oxygen-kerosene liquid fuel rocket motor has been summarized. Methodological approach that served to completion of carbon-carbon extension development in full and at comparatively small expenses has been described. Results of practical application of carbon-carbon extension for liquid fuel rocket motor 11D58M have been presented within the framework of International Space Program “Sea Launch”.     

插值数字滤波技术在超声检测仪中的应用

本文主要研究用最优化技术来设计符合超声脉冲信号幅度精度要求的数字滤波器，从而提高了超声检测的质量。     

Measuring predictability in ultrasonic signals: An application to scattering material characterization

In this paper, we present a novel and completely different approach to the problem of scattering material characterization: measuring the degree of predictability of the time series. Measuring predictability can provide information of the signal strength of the deterministic component of the time series in relation to the whole time series acquired. This relationship can provide information about coherent reflections in material grains with respect to the rest of incoherent noises that typically appear in non-destructive testing using ultrasonics. This is a non-parametric technique commonly used in chaos theory that does not require making any kind of assumptions about attenuation profiles. In highly scattering media (low SNR), it has been shown theoretically that the degree of predictability allows material characterization. The experimental results obtained in this work with 32 cement probes of 4 different porosities demonstrate the ability of this technique to do classification. It has also been shown that, in this particular application, the measurement of predictability can be used as an indicator of the percentages of porosity of the test samples with great accuracy.