单糖的构型和正位异构体的确定

关于单糖的相对构型和正位异构体,目前国内外都是采用Fischer投影式和Haworth透视式两种表示方法.无疑,这两种构型表示法都从不同方面为单糖的相对构型和正位异构体的确定提供了方便.但是,从目前国内外的有关教科书上看,有关单糖相对构型和正位异构体的确定均缺乏完整的论述和规则.本文仅就单糖的Haworth式的相对构型及正位异构体问题作一讨论.     

SiC2S分子结构和光谱的理论研究

在CCSD（T）/6-311G（2df)//B3LYP/6-311G(d)水平上对SiC2S的各种可能异构体进行了研究。得到了其几何构型,精确能量和红外光谱。结果表明：SiC2S有8个稳定的异构体,能量最低的是直线型,电子态为^1∑的SiCCP1,其次是C2v对称性的S-cSiCC5,第三稳定的是直线型^1∑电子态异构体SSiCC2,第四稳定的是具有CC桥键C2v对称性的长菱形结构的.     

顺、反式结构对MPV异构体的分子构型和吸收光谱的影响

采用量子化学B3LYP／6－31G方法，分别优化；计算了MPV三种异构体的几何和电子结构，结果表明，在异构体中反式结构为平面构型，顺式结构为非平面构型，反式结构增加可使异构体的UV最大吸收峰有规则红移，解释了实验现象，并对烷氧基取代聚对苯乙炔中的顺、反异构其对相关性质的影响进行了有益的讨论。     

槲皮素水化性质的量子化学研究

采用密度泛函理论对槲皮素不同羟基位置上的水合物及其水合阴离子进行深入分析,获得槲皮素水合物的优化几何结构信息、与水分子的络合反应能量、NBO电荷、前线轨道能量及图像.对槲皮素各个羟基位点的水化性质进行解析,并从分子水平对其内在成因进行了阐释,希望对槲皮素的水化性质的研究及其衍生物的开发奠定理论支撑.     

槲皮素表面分子印迹聚合物的制备及其应用研究

以接枝双键的凹凸棒土(TM)为载体,槲皮素为模板分子,采用表面印迹技术制备对槲皮素具有特异吸附性能的分子印迹聚合物(MIP)。利用光谱法选择实验条件及对化合物表征。采用静态法研究聚合物对槲皮素的结合性能与识别性能。结果表明,该分子印迹材料对槲皮素具有特异的识别特性和优良的亲和性,提高了传统聚合物的结合率。以该印迹聚合物为固相萃取材料,结合高效液相色谱法,对白菜中的槲皮素进行分离富集,方法回收率为84.0%~90.6%,相对标准偏差低于5.6%。     

拓扑异构体的研究(Ⅰ)C型与S型拓扑异构体的波谱性质及结构鉴定

利用 ¹H和 ¹³C NMR, IR, UV, SEM对合成的4种C型和S型拓扑异构体进行了结构表征和分析, 发现对于不同拓扑结构的C型和S型分子可以通过 ¹H NMR来鉴别, 而对于相同拓扑结构的S型cis(SC)和trans(ST)分子, C型 cis(CC)和trans(CT)分子则要结合 ¹³C NMR来鉴别. 四种拓扑异构体的IR, UV, 波谱性质以及SEM图象没有显著的差异.     

关于全氢菲各异构体构象式的讨论

关于全氢菲各异构体构象式的讨论冯骏材（南京大学化学系２１００９３）全氢菲的六个构型异构体可以分别用下述各构型式表示：················（１）（２）（３）（４）（５）（６）作者曾讨论了从乙烷的锯马式交叉构象出发，推出环己烷及顺、反十氢萘构...     

抗胆碱药物8018四个光学异构体的结构与理化性质研究

用多种方法研究了抗胆碱药物8018四个光学异构体的最低能量构象和满足NOE条件的构象,说明了其醇羟基特征NMR和IR的实验数据。并在此基础上对其理化性质进行了讨论,发现其偶极矩与理化性质具有明显的相关性。     

槲皮素磁性分子印记聚合物的制备及其吸附性能

以槲皮素(Qu)为模板分子、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)和丙烯酸(AA)为功能单体、N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂、H2O2-Vc为引发剂、KH570修饰的Fe3O4纳米颗粒为磁性载体,借助表面分子印迹技术制备了能够对Qu进行特异性识别的槲皮素磁性分子印迹聚合物(Qu-MMIPs)。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)对样品进行了结构和性能表征。结果表明:Fe3O4磁性载体表面已成功包覆了分子印迹聚合物。与化学组成相同的磁性非印迹聚合物(Qu-MNIPs)相比,Qu-MMIPs对Qu有较高的吸附选择性。静态吸附平衡实验和Scatchard分析结果表明,Qu-MMIPs中存在两类不同的结合位点,平衡解离常数分别为1.646×10-6 mol/L和6.387×10-6 mol/L,最大吸附量分别为23.041mg/g和29.923mg/g。     

三重态SiCP2异构体的结构和稳定性的理论研究

采用DFT,QCISD和CCSD(T)等理论计算方法对三重态SiCP2异构体的结构和稳定性进行了理论研究.在B3LYP/6-311G(d)水平下,共计算得到由17个过渡态相连接的15个异构体.在CCSD(T)/6-311 +G(2df)//QCISD/6-311G(d)水平下,考虑重点振动能相对能量最低的三元环状异构体P-cCSiP 8(0.0 kJ/mol)及四元环状结构的cPCSiP 4具有相当大的动力学稳定性,在一定的实验室和星际条件下可能被检测到.另外,对它们的成键性质也进行了分析.     

Theoretical study of structures, energetics and vibrational properties of BC H species

Theoretical study using self-consistent field (SCF), hybrid density functional theory (B3LYP) and quadratic configuration interaction including single and double excitations (QCISD) with the Dunning correlation consistent polarized valence double zeta (cc-pVDZ) basis set have been used to examine the structures and vibrational properties of the singlet species with BC H stoichiometry. Relative stabilities are estimated at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ level using QCISD/cc-pVDZ optimized geometries. Five species corresponding to different nuclear arrangements have been studied. The absolute minimum corresponds to the 2 aromatic borirene molecule (HBC H with a BC ring). Ethynylborane (H BCCH, C ) and borallene (H CCBH, C ) are respectively 6.4 and 24.3 kcal/mol higher. Vinylborine (C H B, C ) and H CBCH (C ) are much less stable, 46.2 and 49.1 kcal/mol respectively higher than borirene. The calculated vibrational spectra agree with experiment and confirm the infrared matrix characterization of the three most stable species.     

Theoretical study of the structures and properties of cyclic nitramines: Tetranitrotetraazadecalin (TNAD) and its isomers

Density Functional Theory (DFT) was employed to study the geometries, electronic structures, infrared vibrational spectra, and thermodynamic properties of seven isomeric cyclic nitramines of C₆H₁₀N₈O₈ (i.e., TNAD and its six isomers) at the B3LYP/6‐31G* level of theory. The experimental results available for TNAD were used to determine the reliability of the DFT method for generating structural and IR spectroscopic values for these molecular systems. The relative stabilities of the conformers were evaluated from the energy differences of the structures. Detonation properties of various conformers were evaluated using the Kamlet‐Jacobs equations, and it was found that all the calculated results are comparable to the available experimental data. In addition, the calculated results demonstrate that all title compounds can be used as excellent propellant ingredients. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005     

ANTA的结构、性质及其互变异构的理论研究

对3-硝基-5-氨基-1,2,4-三唑(ANTA)的三种异构体,1H-ANTA(Ⅰ),2－ANTA(Ⅱ)和4H-ANTA(Ⅲ)在,bainitio-HF/3-21G和DFT-B3LYP/3-21G势能面计算的基础上,进行6-311G^**几何参数全优化,MP2总能量和SCRF溶剂(四氢呋喃)效应计算。以振动分析和统计热力学为基础,作标题物热力学性质以及Ⅰ和Ⅱ之间的互变异构反应计算,求得分子几何,电子结构和300～1000K范围的焓、熵和热容以及Ⅰ和Ⅱ互变异构平衡常数和速率常数。发现在三种异构体中在通常温度下以Ⅱ在气相下最稳定,Ⅰ在溶液中最稳定。低温下难以发生异构化反应,温度可提高Ⅰ与Ⅱ之间的互变速率,在800K时两种异构体在气相中等量共存;大于800K时Ⅰ更为稳定。     

Theoretical study on structures and stability of HC2P isomers

 The structures and isomerization pathways of various HC₂P isomers in both singlet and triplet states are investigated at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p), QCISD/6-311G(d,p) (for isomers only) and single-point CCSD(T)/6-311G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) levels. At the CCSD(T)/6-311G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level, the lowest-lying isomer is a linear HCCP structure ³ 1 in the ³∑⁻ state. The second low-lying isomer has a CPC ring with exocyclic CH bonding ¹ 5 in a singlet state at 10.5 kcal/mol. The following third and fourth low-lying isomers are a singlet bent HCCP structure ¹ 1 at 20.9 kcal/mol and a bent singlet HPCC structure ¹ 3 at 35.8 kcal/mol, respectively. Investigation of the HC₂P potential-energy surface indicates that in addition to the experimentally known isomer ³ 1, the other isomers ¹ 1, ¹ 3 and ¹ 5 also have considerable kinetic stability and may thus be observable. However, the singlet and triplet bent isomers HCPC ¹ 2 and ³ 2 as well as the triplet bent isomer HPCC ³ 3 are not only high-lying but are also kinetically unstable, in sharp contrast to the situation of the analogous HCNC and HNCC species that are both kinetically stable and that have been observed experimentally. Furthermore, the reactivity of various HC₂P isomers towards oxygen atoms is briefly discussed. The results presented here may be useful for future identification of the completely unknown yet kinetically stable HC₂P isomers ¹ 1, ¹ 3 and ¹ 5 either in the laboratory or in interstellar space. Received: 5 November 2000 / Accepted: 25 November 2001 / Published online: 8 April 2002     

Theoretical study on structures and stability of Si2CP isomers

The structures, energetics, spectroscopies, and isomerization of various doublet Si2CP species are explored theoretically. In contrast to the previously studied SiC2N and SiC2P radicals that have linear SiCCN and SiCCP ground states, the title Si2CP radical has a four-membered-ring form cSiSiPC 1 (0.0 kcal/mol) with Si-C cross-bonding as the ground-state isomer at the CCSD(T)/6-311G(2df)//B3LYP/6-311G(d)+ZPVE level, similar to the Si2CN radical. The second low-lying isomer 2 at 11.6 kcal/mol has a SiCSiP four-membered ring with C-P cross-bonding, yet it is kinetically quite unstable toward conversion to 1 with a barrier of 3.5 kcal/mol. In addition, three cyclic species with divalent carbene character, i.e., cSiSiCP 7, 7' with C-P cross-bonding and cSiCSiP 8 with Si-Si cross-bonding, are found to possess considerable kinetic stability, although they are energetically high lying at 44.4, 46.5, and 41.4 kcal/mol, respectively. Moreover, a linear isomer SiCSiP 5 at 44.3 kcal/mol also has considerable kinetic stability and predominantly features the interesting cumulenic /Si=C=Si=P/* form with a slight contribution from the silicon-phosphorus triply bonded form /Si=C*-Si[triple bond]P/. The silicon-carbon triply bonded form *Si[triple bond]C-Si[triple bond]P/ has negligible contribution. All five isomers are expected to be observable in low-temperature environments. Their bonding nature and possible formation strategies are discussed. For relevant species, the QCISD/6-311G(d) and CCSD(T)/6-311+G(2df) (single-point) calculations are performed to provide more reliable results. The calculated results are compared to those of the analogous C3N, C3P, SiC2N, and Si2CN radicals with 17 valence electrons. Implications in interstellar space and P-doped SiC vaporization processes are also discussed.     

Theoretical study on structures and stability of C4P isomers

The structures, energetics, spectroscopies, and stabilities of doublet C(4)P isomeric species are explored at the DFT/B3LYP, QCISD, and CCSD(T) (singlet-point) levels. A total of 12 minimum isomers and 27 interconversion transition states are located. At the CCSD(T)/6-311G(2df)//QCISD/6-311G(d)+ZPVE level, the lowest-lying isomer is a floppy CCCCP 1 (0.0 kcal/mol) mainly featuring a cumulenic structure |C=C=C=C=P*|, which differs much from the analogous C4N radical (|*C-C[triple bond]C-C[triple bond]N|). The quasi-linearity and the low bending mode of 1 are in contrast to the previous prediction. The second energetically followed isomer PC-cCCC 3 (14.9 kcal/mol) possesses a CCC ring-bonded to CP. The two low-lying isomers are separated by a high-energy ring-closure/open transition state (26.5 kcal/mol) and thus are very promising candidates for future laboratory and astrophysical detection. Furthermore, four high-energy isomers, that is, two bent isomers CCPCC 2 (68.4 kcal/mol) and CCPCC 2' (68.5 kcal/mol) and two cagelike species 10 (56.0 kcal/mol) and 11 (67.9 kcal/mol), are also stabilized by considerable barriers. The present work is the first detailed potential energy survey of CnP clusters and can provide useful information for the investigation of larger CnP radicals and for understanding the isomerism of P-doped C vaporization processes.     

Theoretical study on the thermodynamic properties and self-decomposition of methylbenzenediol isomers

Alkylated hydroxylated aromatics are major constituents of various types of fuels, including biomass and low-rank coal. In this study, thermochemical parameters are obtained for the various isomeric forms of methylbenzenediol isomers in terms of their enthalpies of formation, entropies, and heat capacities. Isodesmic work reactions are used in quantum chemical computations of the reaction enthalpies for O-H and H?C-H bond fissions and the formation of phenoxy- and benzyl-type radicals. A reaction potential energy on the singlet-state surface surface is mapped out for the unimolecular decomposition of the 3-methylbenzene-1,2-diol isomer. According to the calculated high pressure-limit reaction rate constants, concerted hydrogen molecule elimination from the methyl group and the hydroxyl group, in addition to intermolecular H migration from the hydroxyl group, dominates the unimolecular decomposition at low to intermediate temperatures (T ≤ 1200 K). At higher temperatures, O-H bond fission and concerted water elimination are expected to become the sole decomposition pathways.     

Theoretical study on the structures, isomerization and stability of SiC4 isomers

The structures, energetics, dipole moments, vibrational spectra, rotational constants, and isomerization of singlet SiC₄ isomers were explored using ab initio methods. Five types of isomers, a total of 11 minima, connected by 11 interconversion transition states, were located on the potential energy surface at the MP2/6-311G(d, p) level. More accurate energies were obtained at the G3(MP2) level. With the highest isomerization barrier, a C2v tetra-angular cone possesses the largest kinetic stability. The lowest-lying structure, linear SiCCCC is also highly kinetically stabilized. Besides, D2d bicyclic c-Si(CC)₂, C2v five-membered ring c-SiCCCC, another C2v tetra-angular cone isomer and C3v trigonal bipyramid isomer are also considered to be kinetically stable, because their isomerization barriers are all over 10 kcal/mol. Other isomers cannot be kinetically stabilized with considerably low isomerization barriers. Investigation on the vibrational spectra, dipole moments, and rotational constants for SiC₄ isomers are valuable for their detections in the interstellar space and laboratory.     

Microbial transformation of quercetin and its prenylated derivatives

The microbial transformation studies of 7-O-prenylquercetin (1), 4′-O-prenylquercetin (2) and quercetin (3) were investigated with 20 different microbial strains to discover new metabolites. It was revealed that the fungus Mucor hiemalis was the most appropriate micro-organism which was capable of transforming these flavonoids. Structures of the three new (4–6) and one known (7) metabolites were elucidated as 7-O-prenylquercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), 4′-O-prenylquercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), 4′-O-prenylquercetin 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6) and quercetin 5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) by the spectroscopic methods.