对氯酚在碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为研究

研究了对氯酚在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极（MWNTs/GC）上的电化学行为。MWNTs/GC电极对对氯酚具有良好的电催化作用,相比玻碳电极对氯酚的氧化峰电位负移76 mV,峰电流达到玻碳电极上的8倍。通过线性扫描伏安法研究了富集时间、溶液pH和扫描速率对对氯酚氧化的影响。并采用计时电流法研究了氧化峰电流与对氯酚的浓度关系,结果显示峰电流与对氯酚的浓度在2.0×10^-7-2.0×10^-4mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限为8.8×10-8mol/L（S/N=3）。放置7 d后,对氯酚在碳纳米管上的峰电流仍能达到最初电流的96.2%,表明电极的稳定性较好。     

吡硫醇在单壁碳纳米管修饰电极上电化学行为的研究

研究了吡硫醇在单壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为,提出了一种检测吡硫醇的电化学方法.在0.1 mol/L的NaAc-HAc(pH 4.0)缓冲溶液中,吡硫醇在单壁碳纳米管修饰电极上出现一灵敏的氧化峰,峰电位位于0094 V处.与裸玻碳电极相比,单壁碳纳米管修饰电极显著提高了吡硫醇的氧化峰电流.在最佳实验条件下,吡硫醇浓度在9.9×10~(-6)～5.7×10~(-4) mol/L范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系,检出限为2.98×10~(-7) mol/L.吡硫醇在单壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的氧化过程受吸附控制,为1电子2质子的过程.     

纳米铂修饰玻碳电极对邻苯二酚的电化学氧化及测定

应用循环伏安法研究了邻苯二酚在纳米铂修饰玻碳(PtNPs/GC)电极上的电化学氧化行为。实验表明,PtNPs/GC电极对邻苯二酚有很强的电催化作用,其伏安扫描氧化峰电流随着温度的升高而增大,但氧化峰电位略有负移。常温下,邻苯二酚能自发在电极表面发生聚合反应,生成具有导电性的聚合膜,其催化氧化电流与邻苯二酚浓度在1.0×10-6mol/L~5.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为2.9×10-7mol/L。     

NO2-在CTMAB-碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为及测定

制备了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-多壁碳纳米管修饰电极.用循环伏安法和示差脉冲伏安法研究了NO2 -在该修饰上的电化学行为,该修饰电极对NO2 -的氧化具有良好的电催化能力,NO2 -的氧化峰电流与其浓度在1.67×10-7 ～2.2×10 -5mol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,检测限为5.6×10-8mol/L(S/N=...     

8-羟基脱氧鸟苷在壳聚糖/石墨烯修饰电极上的电化学及DNA氧化损伤检测

采用循环伏安(CV)、线性扫描伏安(LSV)和示差脉冲伏安(DPV)等方法研究了8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)在壳聚糖(Chi)/石墨烯(GR)修饰的玻碳电极(GCE)上的电化学行为,8-OHdG在该修饰电极上氧化峰电流与其浓度在3.5×10-7~1.4×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为6.4×10-8mol/L(S/N=3)。将Chi/GR/GCE用于检测DNA氧化损伤,8-OHdG在修饰电极上的氧化峰电流与损伤的DNA质量浓度在10~300 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,损伤DNA检出限为0.026 mg/L(S/N=3)。     

电化学分析法测定中药中虎杖苷

建立了虎杖苷在碳纳米管修饰玻碳(CNT/GC)电极上的电化学检测方法。在0.2 mol/L HCl溶液中,用方波溶出伏安法研究了虎杖苷在CNT/GC电极上的电化学行为。虎杖苷在+0.83V(vs.Ag/AgCl)电位处产生一个阳极氧化峰,峰电流与虎杖苷的浓度在7.0×10-7～4.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,最低检测限达4.57×10-7mol/L。方法可用于生药材和中成药中虎杖苷的测定。     

pMB/MWNTs/GC电极对水体中苯二酚异构体的同时测定

通过在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上电聚合亚甲基蓝,制备了聚亚甲基蓝/碳纳米管/玻碳电极(pMB/MWNTs/GC)。用循环伏安法研究了3种苯二酚异构体在该电极上的电化学行为,结果表明,在pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,该修饰电极对苯二酚异构体的氧化表现出优异的电催化性能和选择性,对苯二酚、邻苯二酚和间苯二酚的氧化峰分别为0.104、0.203、0.609 V(vs.SCE),峰电位差值分别为99、406 mV。基于苯二酚异构体在pMB/MWNTs/GC修饰电极上的伏安行为,建立了苯二酚3种异构体同时分析的新方法。考察了各影响因素对测定的影响,最优实验条件下,在5.0×10-6~1.5×10-4mol.L-1范围内,3种苯二酚异构体的阳极峰电流与其浓度存在线性关系,检出限均为1.0×10-6mol.L-1。将该法用于水体及冲洗废液中苯二酚异构体含量的测定,结果满意。     

碳纳米管修饰电极上沙丁胺醇电催化氧化研究

将多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)分散在疏水性表面活性剂双十六烷基磷酸(DHP)溶液中形成稳定、均相的分散液,然后制备多壁碳纳米管-DHP复合膜修饰玻碳电极(MWNT-DHP/GCE).应用方波伏安法研究了沙丁胺醇在修饰电极上的电化学行为,结果表明,碳纳米管复合膜修饰电极对沙丁胺醇的氧化有良好的电催化活性,其氧化反应为一电子一质子过程,氧化电位比裸玻碳电极负移40 mV,峰电流增加了4.5倍.在最佳测试条件下,氧化峰电流与沙丁胺醇浓度在8.3×10-7~3.3×10-6mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,开路富集2min,检出限达1.8×10-7mol/L.该修饰电极具有良好的重现性、稳定性.     

银掺杂聚L-天冬氨酸修饰电极的制备及对肾上腺素的测定

利用循环伏安法,研究了银和L-天冬氨酸在玻碳电极表面电化学聚合的条件,制备了银掺杂聚L-天冬氨酸修饰电极。研究了肾上腺素在修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了循环伏安法测定肾上腺素的新方法。在pH=3.5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,扫描速率为50mV/s时,肾上腺素在修饰电极上产生一对明显的氧化还原峰,峰电位分别为Epa=0.447V,Epc=0.387V。用循环伏安法测定时,氧化峰电流与肾上腺素浓度分别在8.00×10-8～1.00×10-5mol/L和1.00×10-5～1.00×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为8.0×10-9mol/L。     

阿奇霉素在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为及其测定

运用循环伏安法与线性扫描伏安法研究了阿奇霉素在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为,建立了一种直接测定阿奇霉素的电化学分析方法。结果表明,与裸玻碳电极相比,多壁碳纳米管修饰电极能显著提高阿奇霉素的氧化峰电流,阿奇霉素的电极过程完全不可逆,存在典型的吸附特性。在优化的实验条件下,氧化峰电流与阿奇霉素浓度在3.0×10-7～2.5×10-5 mol/L和2.5×10-5～5.0×10-4 mol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-7 mol/L。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.