温度对航天相机光学系统影响的研究

空间环境温度的变化对航天相机光学系统成像质量的影响很大。分析了几种不同的温度分布形式,即均匀温度变化、温度梯度变化、径向温度梯度变化、周向温度梯度变化、轴向温度梯度变化和主、次镜间轴向温差的变化对光学系统成像质量的影响,并给出了相应的分析方法。     

曲率变化对激光陀螺损耗及性能的影响研究

为了研究曲率半径变化对激光陀螺性能参数的影响,基于谐振腔理论,建立了衍射损耗理论计算模型,通过仿真计算了曲率变化引起激光陀螺束腰的变化,从而导致衍射损耗的变化。从光阑处衍射损耗对陀螺背向散射的影响出发,分析了束腰对激光陀螺性能的影响。通过分析计算得出:当反射镜曲率变化小于0.3 m时,引起衍射损耗变化3%,导致零偏最大变化约0.013;当反射镜曲率变化0.6 m时,引起衍射损耗变化约15%,导致零偏最大变化约0.021;而曲率半径变化大于1.5 m时,衍射损耗变化达30%以上,这将引起谐振腔失谐即无法产生激光振荡。通过改变不同曲率,测量陀螺腔损耗和性能,所得的试验结果和理论计算一致,曲率半径变化对衍射损耗和陀螺性能影响较为显著。     

基于膨胀法的新型光纤测温仪

提出一种新型的光纤测温传感器。基于热胀冷缩原理,物体长度会随温度变化产生与之成正比的微小变化,采用带光源的光纤测微位移探头测出这个微小变化,可得温度与位移的变化关系,采用光电转换则可输出温度与电流的变化关系。     

麦克斯韦如何建立涡旋电场的概念

麦克斯韦建立电磁场理论的最重要、最惊人之处是:电磁场的扰动以波动(横波)形式传播。即变化的电场产生变化的磁场(位移电流概念),变化的磁场产生变化的电场(涡旋电场概念),二者在空间交替变化传播构成了电磁相互作用的完整图象——电磁波。然     

紫膜（BR）水溶液共振Raman光谱的温度相关性

本文报道了ＢＲ水溶性Ｒａｍａｎ光谱的温度相关性及吸收光谱变化。讨论了导致光谱变化的热诱导引起的结构变化。     

结晶过程及支链对正交晶精细结构的影响

用低温高分辨FTIR研究了EG系列乙烯－辛烯共聚物,通过对亚甲基rocking band的表征。结果表明,在支链不进入晶格的情况下,主链上支链的引入仍能引起晶格结构的变化,这种变化表现在正交晶格内分子链的距离的变化,二面角的变化和结晶规整程度的变化,并且发现不同的结晶过程对晶格的变化有不同的影响。     

青藏高原东北部闪电M变化多参量观测

利用闪电光通道高速摄像、 地面电场变化和峰值辐射强度同步资料, 对比分析了负地闪连续电流阶段和人工触发闪电放电过程中M变化特征. 结果表明, 通道亮度资料能够辅助地面电场波形来准确判断是否为真实的M过程. 在经典M变化产生前及其过程中会产生很多快速电场变化MP(称为预M变化)变化, 大量MP促成了M变化. MP变化和K变化在脉冲特征上没有太多差别, 产生的物理机制是相似的. MP变化是连续电流阶段快速电场变化, 是击穿过程引起的电荷快速流动的结果, 并伴有通道突然增亮和高强度辐射. M变化脉冲波形多数为单极性, 有正有负, 少数呈现不规则变化, 持续时间在0.1 ms之内.而经典M变化的U 形结构只适用于近闪, 波形是静电场所致, 持续时间约0.2–0.8 ms. MP和K变化都是击穿所致, 只是MP变化有电荷流入原回击通道, 而K变化没有. 关键词： 青藏高原 M变化')" href="#">M变化 MP变化')" href="#">MP变化 K变化')" href="#">K变化     

涡旋光束经杨氏双缝干涉后的光谱变化

从完全相干光的传输定理出发,研究了完全相干涡旋光照射在双缝上,干涉场中的光谱变化。研究结果表明,和普通的完全相干光(平面波)经双缝干涉的光谱变化相比较,涡旋光束的光谱变化情况显得更加丰富。研究了相对平均频率的变化,发现相对平均频率将随着源光谱的宽度,拓扑荷数以及观察点位置的变化而变化。给出了对应于不同拓扑荷数,一个固定观察面的相对平均频率的分布情况。     

航天光学遥感器光机结构尺寸稳定性变化对成像质量的影响

发射过程中的力学环境和在轨运行时的热环境,影响航天光学遥感器的尺寸稳定性,进而影响成像质量。用光学元件相对各自理想位置的变化、光学元件方程参数的变化和光学元件面形质量的变化表示遥感器光机结构尺寸稳定性的变化。结合实际工程项目,利用Zemax软件,分析主、次镜离焦、离轴、倾斜以及非球面方程参数变化对成像质量的影响。结果表明,离焦和非球面方程参数变化对成像质量影响较离轴和倾斜敏感。     

退火处理对SnO2薄膜光致发光性质的影响

实验研究表明,SnO2薄膜经过退火处理后其光致发光谱有明显的变化。在氧和氮两种不同气氛中进行热处理,其变化也有差异。这种变化主要是由于SnO2膜中氧空位和自由载流于浓度变化所致。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.