Reissner—Nordstr?m度规中(电荷守恒下)的引力质量亏损

本文在文献[1,3]讨论荷电静态和球对称度规下的引力质量亏损的基础上进一步讨论电荷守恒的情况。并计算了亏损以后的质量M随初始质量M₀、荷质比α和半径γ的各种变化曲线。 关键词：     

Entanglement Entropy of Reissner–Nordstrm Black Hole and Quantum Isolated Horizon

Based on the work of Ghosh and Pereze, who view the black hole entropy as the logarithm of the number of quantum states on the Quantum Isolated Horizon(QIH)§ the entropy of Reissner–Nordstr¨om black hole is studied.According to the Unruh temperature, the statistical entropy of quantum fields under the background of Reissner–Nordstr¨om spacetime is calculated by means of quantum statistics. In the calculations we take the integral from the position of QIH to infinity, so the obtained entropy is the entanglement entropy outside the QIH. In Reissner–Nordstr¨om spacetime it is shown that if only the position of QIH is properly chosen the leading term of logarithm of the number of quantum states on the QIH is equal to the leading term of the entanglement entropy outside the black hole horizon, and both are the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy. The results reveal the relation between the entanglement entropy of black hole and the logarithm of the number of quantum states.     

Monopole and Coulomb Field as Duals within the Unifying Reissner–Nordstrm Geometry

We are going to prove that the Monopole and the Coulomb fields are duals within the unifying structure provided by the Reissner–Nordstr¨om spacetime. This is accomplished when noticing that in order to produce the tetrad that locally and covariantly diagonalizes the stress-energy tensor, both the Monopole and the Coulomb fields are necessary in the construction. Without any of them it would be impossible to express the tetrad vectors that locally and covariantly diagonalize the stress-energy tensor. Then, both electromagnetic fields are an integral part of the same structure, the Reissner–Nordstr¨om geometry.     

Geometry and thermodynamics of smeared Reissner–Nordstrm black holes in d-dimensional AdS spacetime

We construct a family of d-dimensional Reissner–Nordstr o¨m-Ad S black holes inspired by noncommutative geometry. The density distribution of the gravitational source is determined by the dimension of space, the minimum length of spacetime l, and other parameters(e.g., n relating to the central matter density). The curvature of the center and some thermodynamic properties of these black holes are investigated. We find that the center of the source is nonsingular for n 0(under certain conditions it is also nonsingular for-2 n 0), and the properties at the event horizon, including the Hawking temperature, entropy, and heat capacity, are regular for n -2. Due to the presence of l, there is an exponentially small correction to the usual entropy.     

Dynamics of a thin shell in the Reissner—Nordström metric

The dynamics of a thin spherically symmetric gravitating shell around an electrically charged Reissner—Nordström black hole is considered. The energy—momentum tensor of an electrically neutral shell is modeled by an ideal fluid with a polytropic equation of state. The dynamics of a shell with a dust equation of state can be traced completely analytically. The Carter—Penrose diagrams that describe the global geometry and all possible types of motions of a gravitating shell in the case of an eternal black hole have been constructed.The conditions have been found under which stable oscillatory motions of the shell take place. These transfer it successively from one universe to the next in an infinite series of identical universes. Such stable oscillatory shell motions are shown to be possible for an arbitrary polytropic equation of state of the shell.     

广义相对论中自转球体的引力质量亏损和转动质量效应

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Massive Nordström scalar (density) gravities from universal coupling

Both particle physics and the 1890s Seeliger–Neumann modification of Newtonian gravity suggest considering a “mass term” for gravity, yielding a finite range due to an exponentially decaying Yukawa potential. Unlike Nordström’s “massless” theory, massive scalar gravities are strictly Special Relativistic, being invariant under the Poincaré group but not the conformal group. Geometry is a poor guide to understanding massive scalar gravities: matter sees a conformally flat metric, but gravity also sees the rest of the flat metric, barely, in the mass term. Infinitely many theories exhibit this bimetric ‘geometry,’ all with the total stress–energy’s trace as source. All are new except the Freund–Nambu theory. The smooth massless limit indicates underdetermination of theories by data between massless and massive scalar gravities. The ease of accommodating electrons, protons and other fermions using density-weighted Ogievetsky–Polubarinov spinors in scalar gravity is noted.     

共形球(平面)对称的电磁真空解必为Reissner-Nordstr?m(Kar)度规

本文推广了广义相对论的两个定理,把定理条件中的对称性减弱为共形对称性。推广后的定理为:1)Einstein方程的共形球对称电磁真空解必为Reissner-Nordstr?m解;2)Einstein方程的共形平面对称电磁真空解必为Kar解。 关键词：     

寻找磁单极子和分数电荷(下)

2.磁单极子 电荷和电偶极子在自然界里比比皆是.但是,实验上从来没有证实过孤立磁荷的存在[1].磁仍极子是十分普通的,但把一个磁偶板子分成两个,并不得到两个相反的磁荷,而是得到两个更小的磁偶极子.电和磁之间的对称性是人们所向往的一件好事情,所以,物理学家们愿意相信,磁单极子(磁荷)是存在的.不过,如果没有确实的实验证明,就无法作出这样的结论. 存在磁单极子的一个有说服力的理论论证,是1931年狄拉克(P.A.M.Dirac)提出来的[2].他考虑在一个磁荷的场中的单个电子,发现量子力学(角动量的量子化)要求基本电荷(e)和基本磁荷(g)之间成立如…     

半导体器件蒙特卡罗模拟中保持电荷守恒的统计增强方法

介绍了一种在半导体器件蒙特卡罗模拟中保持电荷守恒的统计增强方法,该方法消除了由统计增强引入的电荷统计涨落,保持了不同增强区界面处过界粒子流的连续性.以肖特基势垒二极管为例,应用该方法,实现了高接触势垒情形下的正反向电流模拟.     

高维Kerr度规中Boson的束缚态

本文利用分离变量方法得到了在高维Kerr度规中玻色子径向波函数方程,由此讨论了在高维Kerr黑洞周围玻色子的束缚态.结果表明,高维Kerr黑洞与玻色子不能形成量子束缚态,这一结论与玻色子有无质量无关.     

北京光速各向异性实验的广义相对论(及度规理论)预言值

基于广义相对论及度规引力理论的基本原理,计算了北京“光速各向异性检验”实验的预期值。结论是该实验将不可能在广义相对论传统观点和文献[1]提出的观点之间作出判断。     

Lemaitre度规中Dirac方程的径向解

本文给出球对称度规下Dirac方程的径向解,证明了Schwarzschild黑洞周围不存在费米量子束缚态.讨论了几种可能的情况.其中有一个暂态孤子波解,为检验黑洞存在提供了新的信息.定态解则描述了黑洞对粒子的吸积和蒸发过程.     

共形球(平面)对称的电磁真空解必为Reissner-Nordstrom(Kar)度规

本文推广了广义相对论的两个定理, 把定理条件中的对称性减弱为共形对称性.推广后的定理为: l)Einstein 方程的共形球对称电磁真空解必为Reissoer-Nordsorom 解; 2 ))Einstein 方程的共形平面对称电磁真空解必为Kar 解. 关键词：     

Li“洞原子”高位三激发态~2S(m)和~2D(m)(m=2——7)的能级、精细结构和Auger宽度

采用鞍点变分方法和鞍点复数转动方法,考虑了相对论修正、质量极化修正等基础上,计算了L"i洞原子"高位三激发态2l2l′nl″2S(m)和2D(m)(m=2—7)高根系列的高精度波函数、相对论能量、精细结构,同时还计算了Auger分宽度和总宽度,通过相对论效应的讨论,对2S(7),2D(6)及2D(7)的组态进行了重新标定.     

高电荷态离子束的应用(摘要)

The ECR ion sources have mainly been used until now for injection of cyclotrons and a large number of these sources are presently in operation through the world.Most cyclotrons are used today for nuclear physics researches but an increasing number of these accelerators are now devoted to medical applications.The ECR ion sources have also been extensively used for producing low energy beams for academic researches in atomic and surface physics.These studies led to very encouraging results opening the way to industrial applications. In this talk some of the most promising applications of HCI beams will be reviewed.The development of these applications will require some important improvements of the ECR sources which will be discussed.A special emphasis will be given to the respective roles of ECR and EBIS ion sources in these industrial applications, and some economic and market considerations discussed.     

(La，Ca)MnO3中电荷有序条纹的配对

某些材料在一定条件下,其电子电荷可以通过自组织形成条纹相（ｓｔｒｉｐｅｐｈａｓｅ）．钙钛矿结构过渡金属氧化物晶格的ａｂ平面是正方对称的,因此任何与周期晶格相关的物理性质理应具有四度轴的旋转对称性．然而,条纹相却与上述直观的推论大相径庭,它看上去像是“...     

核电荷半径的壳(形变)效应

实验证据分析表明: 大变形区的核电荷方均根半径常数r_p无例外地比相邻球形核大一些. 这可以用形变效应来说明. 中子数在下列壳层中1p_3/2(N~3—6), 1d_5/2(N~9—14), 1f_7/2(N~20—28), 1g_9/2(N~40—50), 1h_11/2(N~70—82)的各同位素的电荷半径的变化(随A的增大半径反而变小等)与A^1/3律完全抵触. 在Z^1/3律基础上, 考虑形变效应后可给予较好的说明.     

不同算法原子电荷下的~1J_(CH)理论计算

用一种计算直接键连原子核自旋耦合常数的半经验公式,结合量子化学计算得到的32种有机分子稳定几何构型的7种不同算法下的原子电荷,探究原子电荷算法的不同对1JCH理论计算的影响,拟合出基于7种原子电荷的耦合常数计算公式,并利用拟合公式对5种分子进行了检验.计算结果表明拟合的32种分子及检验的5种分子的耦合常数的计算值均与实验值较好的符合,拟合得到的基于7种原子电荷的计算公式均可以对其他分子体系的耦合常数进行预测.另外,计算结果同样显示原子电荷算法的不同对1JCH理论计算值有一定的影响却不显著,其中基于电荷均衡方法电荷(QEq)得出的耦合常数计算值与实验值的偏差较其它6种原子电荷的小,结果更可靠.