Reactions of 2-(arylazo)aniline with ruthenium substrates: Isolation, characterizations and reactivities of delocalized diazoketiminato and orthometallated Ru(II) chelates

Reactions of 2-(arylazo)aniline, HL-NH₂ [H represents the dissociable protons upon complexation and HL-NH₂ is p-RC₆H₄NNC₆H₄-NH₂; R = H for HL¹-NH₂; CH₃ for HL²-NH₂ and Cl for HL³-NH₂] with Ru(H)(CO)(PPh₃)₃Cl and Ru(CO)₃(PPh₃)₂ afforded products of compositions [(HL-NH)Ru(CO)Cl(PPh₃)₂] and [(L-NH)Ru(PPh₃)₂(CO)], respectively. All the complexes were characterized unequivocally. The X-ray structures of the complexes 4c and 5c have been determined. The cyclic volatammograms exhibited one reversible oxidative response in the range of 0.56–0.16 V versus SCE for [(L-NH)Ru(PPh₃)₂(CO)] and a quasi reversible oxidative response within 0.56–0.70 V versus SCE for [(HL-NH)Ru(CO)Cl(PPh₃)₂]. The conversion of ketones to corresponding alcohols has been studied in presence of newly synthesized ruthenium complexes.     

Synthesis,structure, spectroscopic,and DNA binding properties of Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes with ((E)-2-(amino((pyridin-2-ylmethylene)amino)methylene)maleonitrile)

Two new complexes, [Co(L)₂]Cl·(MeOH)₂ (1) and [Ni(L)₂]₄·EtOH (2) (L?=?(E)-2-(amino((pyridin-2-ylmethylene)amino)methylene)maleonitrile), were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography, IR, UV, and fluorescence spectroscopy. According to X-ray crystallographic studies, each metal was six-coordinate with six nitrogens from two ligands. Both complexes form two-dimensional supramolecular networks via hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions. Ultraviolet and visible spectra showed that absorptions arise from π–π ^?, MLCT, and d–d electron transitions. Fluorescence spectroscopy revealed moderate intercalative binding of these two complexes with EB–DNA, with apparent binding constant (K _app) values of 9.14?×?10⁵ and 3.20?×?10^5?M^?1 for Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes, respectively. UV–visible absorption spectra showed that the absorption of DNA at 260?nm was quenched for 2 but quenched then improved for 1 with addition of complexes, tentatively attributed to the effect of the combined intercalative binding and electrostatic interaction for 1.     

A Co(III) complex with a tridentate amine-imine-oxime ligand from 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazoline: synthesis,crystal structure,spectroscopic and thermal characterization

A cobalt(III) complex [Co(L)₂]Cl · PPO · H₂O (1) (HL = 1-(2-aminobenzylimino)-1-phenyl-propan-2-one oxime, PPO = 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione-2-oxime) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, spectral, thermal, magnetic and molar conductance measurements and single crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system, space group P2₁/c. Complex 1 consists of one uncoordinated water, one 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione-2-oxime molecule, one bis[1-(2-aminobenzylimino)-1-phenyl-propan-2-one oxime]cobalt(III) cation and one uncoordinated chloride. The coordination geometry around Co is slightly distorted octahedral, completed with six nitrogens of two L^? ligands. The oxime moieties have E configurations. In the crystal structure, intramolecular O–H···Cl and N–H···O and intermolecular N–H···O, O–H···Cl and N–H···Cl hydrogen bonds link the molecules into chains parallel to the c axis; hydrogen-bonded PPO molecules fill the spaces between the chains and stabilization of the structure.     

Synthesis and physicochemical studies on Co(III) complexes

Complexes of Co(III) with 2-hydroxyacetophenone-thiosemicarbazone, 2-hydroxy-3-methylacetophenonethiosemicarbazone and 2-hydroxy-4-methyl-acetophenonethiosemicarbazone, and the addition complexes of 2-hydroxy-acetophenone thiosemicarbazone with ammonia, pyridine, aniline,o-toluidine,m-toluidine andp-toluidine have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of their conductivities, electronic and infrared spectral data. All complexes are low-spin octahedral in nature. Various parameters have been obtained using ligand field theory.     

Synthesis,structures, and characterization of copper(II), nickel(II), and cobalt(III) metal complexes derived from an asymmetric bidentate Schiff-base ligand

An asymmetric bidentate Schiff-base ligand (2-hydroxybenzyl-2-furylmethyl)imine (L–OH) was prepared. Three complexes derived from L–OH were synthesized by treating an ethanolic solution of the appropriate ligand with an equimolar amount of metallic salt. Three complexes, Cu₂(L–O^?)₂Cl₂ (1), Ni(L–O^?)₂ (2) and Co(L–O^?)₃ (3), have been structurally characterized through elemental analysis, IR, UV spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. Single crystal X-ray diffraction shows metal ions and ligands reacted with different proportions 1?:?1, 1?:?2 and 1?:?3, respectively, so copper(II), nickel(II), and cobalt(III) have different geometries.     

Synthesis,structure, and properties of a pentanuclear cobalt(III) coordination cluster

The synthesis, X-ray structure and properties of a pentanuclear cobalt(III) coordination cluster [{L(O₂CCH₃)Co₂O(OCH₃)₂}₂Co](ClO₄)₃ (1) (L^? = 2,6-bis((3-aminopropylimino)methyl)-4-methylphenolate) are described. The dinucleating L^? is coordinated with two cobalt(III) centers to form the {L(O₂CCH₃)Co₂O(OCH₃)₂} unit, where each metal center is in a distorted octahedral N₂O₄ environment. The oxo and the methoxo ligands of these two dinuclear units assemble a distorted octahedral O₆ coordination sphere around the central cobalt(III). Elemental analysis and spectroscopic (IR, NMR, UV–vis, and HRMS) features are consistent with the pentanuclear structure of the complex. The diamagnetic complex is a 1?:?3 electrolyte in solution. It is redox-active and displays a metal-centered reduction at E_1/2 = ?0.04 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).     

Synthesis,crystal structures,and fluorescence properties of transition metal complexes derived from an unsymmetrical N-heterocyclic ligand

Four transition metal complexes, [Mn(Hbimtz)₂(H₂O)₂(NCS)₂] (1), [Co(Hbimtz)₂(H₂O)₂(NCS)₂] (2), [Pb(Hbimtz)Br₂] _n (3), and {[Ag₂(Hbimtz)₃]SO₄?·?4H₂O} _n (4) (Hbimtz?=?1-[(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-methyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrazole), were synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Mn(II) of 1 and Co(II) of 2 are six-coordinate with two nitrogen atoms from Hbimtz, two nitrogen atoms from thiocyanate and two water molecules. The geometry of Pb(II) in 3 is a distorted octahedron with two nitrogen atoms of two Hbimtz's and four Br^? ions, including the weak bond between the Pb1 and N6 of Hbimtz. Complex 3 is assembled into a 1-D [PbBr₂] _n inorganic chain by μ ₂-Br^? and into a 2-D layer by weak interactions. The Ag(II) of 4 has two geometries, linear and tetrahedral. Hbimtz bridges the two kinds of Ag(II) into a 1-D helical chain. Fluorescence of 3 and 4 were also investigated.     

1-(2′-Pyridylazo)-2-naphtholate (PAN) complexes of rhodium(III): Synthesis,structure and spectral studies

The ligating properties 1-(2′-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (HPAN) toward Rh(III) have been examined. The reaction of RhCl₃·3H₂O with HPAN in presence of excess PPh₃ afforded trans-[Rh(PAN)Cl(PPh₃)₂]PF₆ (3PF₆). Intermediate cis-[Rh(PAN)Cl₂(PPh₃)] (4) has also been isolated. Solid state structures were authenticated by X-ray analyses revealing that monoanionic PAN is coordinated to rhodium in meridional fashion. Both the compounds were spectroscopically characterized in both solution and solid states, which include IR, NMR (¹H and ³¹P), and optical spectra. The diamagnetic complexes show multiple CT transitions in the visible region. Low-energy transitions (λ ≈ 550–650 nm) occurred in the absorption spectra are predominantly ligand centered in nature. The rhodium(III)–PAN compounds are red emissive (λ_em ≈ 650 nm) at room temperature and the nature of the emission level is probably an ILCT level. Complexes are electro-active in acetonitrile and display irreversible oxidative and reductive waves and these responses are ascribed to be PAN ligand centered in character.     

Synthesis,crystal structure,and antibacterial activity of mononuclear nickel(II) and cobalt(III) Schiff-base complexes

Four new mononuclear complexes, [Ni(L¹)(NCS)₂] (1), [Ni(L²)(NCS)₂] (2), [Co(L¹)(N₃)₂]ClO₄ (3), and [Co(L²)(N₃)₂]ClO₄ (4), where L¹ and L² are N,N′-bis[(pyridin-2-yl)methylidene]butane-1,4-diamine and N,N′-bis[(pyridin-2-yl)benzylidene]butane-1,4-diamine, respectively, have been prepared. The syntheses have been achieved by reaction of the respective metal perchlorate with the tetradentate Schiff bases, L¹ and L², in presence of thiocyanate (for 1 and 2) or azide (for 3 and 4). The complexes have been characterized by microanalytical, spectroscopic, single crystal X-ray diffraction and other physicochemical studies. Structural studies reveal that 1–4 are distorted octahedral geometries. The antibacterial activity of all the complexes and their constituent Schiff bases have been tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.     

Synthesis, characterization and catalytic behavior toward ethylene of cobalt(II) and iron(II) complexes bearing 2-(1-aryliminoethylidene)quinolines

A series of 2-(1-aryliminoethylidene)quinolines (L) were synthesized and used as bidentate N^N ligands in coordinating with metal (cobalt and iron) chlorides to form complexes of the type LMCl₂, cobalt(II) (Co1-Co5) and iron(II) (Fe1-Fe5). All organic compounds and metal complexes were fully characterized, and the molecular structures of the representative complexes Co3·DMF and Fe4·DMF were confirmed as distorted bipyramidal geometry at the metal by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Upon activation with either methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) under 10 atm ethylene, all complexes showed high activities in ethylene dimerization with activities of up to 1.82 × 10⁶ g mol⁻¹ (Co) h⁻¹ and 5.89 × 10⁵ g mol⁻¹ (Fe) h⁻¹, respectively.     

Palladium(II) Complexes of N-(2-Thienylmethylidene)aniline Derivatives

Coordination reactions of N-(2-thienylmethylidene)aniline derivatives, L, with PdCl₂ or [PdCl₄]^2? in ethanol yield stable complexes of the type trans-(L)₂PdCl₂ with the azomethine nitrogen atoms as σ donors. These are not readily convertible to othor-palladated complexes. An X-ray crystallographic study of the complex (L₂)₂PdCl₂ reveals a centrosymmetric geometry. The structure is in the triclinic space group $ {\rm P}\bar 1 $ with a = 8.633(2) Å, b = 12.759(3) Å, c = 8.398(2) Å, α = 96.65(5)°, β = 111.47(5)*, γ= 101.28(6)°, and Z = 1. The final R factor is 0.043 (Rw = 0.044) for 2396 observed reflections. There is no real bonding between a thiophene sulfur atom and a central palladium ion. However, a long distance interaction between S and Pd does exist.     

Syntheses,characterization and X-ray crystal structures of Co(III) and Mn(II) complexes of pyrimidine derived Schiff base ligands

Two pyrimidine based NNS tridentate Schiff base ligands S-methyl-3-((2-S-methyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidyl)methyl)dithiocarbazate [HL₁] and S-benzyl-3-((2-S-methyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidyl)methyl)dithiocarbazate [HL₂] have been synthesised by 1:1 condensation of 2-S-methylmercapto-6-methylpyrimidine-4-carbaldehyde and S-methyl/S-benzyl dithiocarbazate. One Co(III) and one Mn(II) complex of HL₁ and one Mn(II) complex of HL₂ have been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductivities, magnetic susceptibilities and spectroscopic studies. All the bis-chelate complexes have a distorted octahedral arrangement with an N₄S₂ chromophore around the central metal ion. Each ligand molecule binds the metal ion using pyrimidyl nitrogen, azomethine nitrogen and the thiolato sulfur atoms. In the free ligand moieties, the pyrimidine nitrogen atoms, azomethine nitrogen atoms and thione sulfur atoms are in EEE orientation to each other. During chelation, all the donor sites of the ligands are reoriented to ZEZ configuration in order to facilitate the chelation process. In all the complexes, the respective ligand molecule functions as the monoanionic tridentate one. All complexes were analyzed by single crystal X-ray diffraction and significant differences concerning the distortion from octahedral geometry of the coordination environment were observed.     

Synthesis and characterization of new Co(III) mixed-ligand complexes,containing 2-hydroxy-aryloximes and α-diimines. Crystal and molecular structure of [Co(saox)(bipy)2]Br

A series of 12 cobalt (III) complexes of 2-hydroxy-aryloximes (H₂oxime) with an α-diimine (enR), under the general formula [Co(oxime)(enR)₂]Br · 2H₂O were synthesized and characterized. The IR and H NMR spectra indicate the bidentate coordination mode of the ligands and the dianionic character of the oxime ligand in the complexes, while the electronic excitation spectra are indicative of an octahedral geometry around cobalt(III). The octahedral environment with CoN₅O chromophore was confirmed by X-ray structure analysis of the solvated [bis(2,2′-bipyridine)-(2-hydroxy-benzaldoximato)cobalt(III)]bromide, [Co(saox)(bipy)₂]Br · 0.166bipy · 0.15CH₃OH · 1.75H₂O. The phenolic oxygen as well as the oximic nitrogen plus two nitrogen atoms, each one from a different bipy molecule, build the equatorial plane. The oximic chelate ring can be described as an extentend delocalized π system. The crystal structure of one of the investigated oxime ligands, the 2-hydroxy-benzophenonoxime (H₂bpox) was also determined by X-ray analysis, verifying the strong intra-and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of [Co(mpt)_2{P(OCH_3)_3}_2]BF_4 (Hmpt = 2-mercaptothiazoline)

The monomeric cobalt-phosphite-thiolato complex [ Co (mpt)2 {P (OCH3 )3 }2 ] BF4 (Hmpt = 2-mercaptothiazoline) has been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a= 0.8078(5), b=2.6020(18), c=1.2191(7) nm, β= 99.38 (1)°, V= 2.528(3) nm3, and Z = 4. The structure comprises discrete cations [Co(mpt)2{P(OCH3)3}2.] and anions BF4- , in which the cobalt (Ⅲ) atom is coordinated to two chelate mpt- and two as-oriented monodentate P(OCH3)3 ligands in a highly distorted octahedral geometry. The most distorted angles are S(2)-Co(1)-S(2a) of 162.23(10)° and N(1)-Co(1)-S(2) of 71. 47 (13)°, the latter is caused by the geometric constraint of the bidentate ligand mpt- . Cyclic voltammetry has been used to study the electrochemical behavior of the title complex on the R electrode in MeCN solution with 0.1 mol·L-1 of Bun4NBF4 as electrolyte. The results indicate that the title complex is unstable in MeCN.     

Bromo-substituted Mn(II) and Mn(III)-tetraarylporphyrins: synthesis and properties

Abstract

Mono-, tetra-, and octa-bromo substituted Mn(II)- and Mn(III)-tetraarylporphyrins were synthesized by reactions of manganese(II) chloride with corresponding porphyrin ligands or their Cd(II)-complexes in DMF. With the use of the metal exchange reaction, the time of the Mn-porphyrins formation is significantly reduced with increase in yield of final products in comparison with the complexation reaction. Mn(III)-tetraarylporphyrins reduce to the Mn(II)-porphyrins in DMF in the presence of NaOH and in pure DMF. The obtained compounds were identified using UV–vis and ¹H NMR spectroscopy, mass-spectrometry, and elemental analysis.     

Rhodium(III) and iridium(III) complexes of thioarylazoimidazoles: Synthesis,structure, spectral characterization,electrochemistry and DFT calculation

[M(SRaaiNR′)Cl₃] (M = Rh(III), Ir(III) and SRaaiNR′ = 1-alkyl-2-{(o-thioalkyl)phenylazo}imidazole) complexes are described in this article. The single crystal X-ray structure of one of the complexes, [Rh(SMeaaiNEt)Cl₃] (3b), shows a tridentate chelation of SMeaaiNEt via N(imidazole), N(azo) and S(thioether) donor centres. Spectral characterization has been done by IR, UV–Vis and ¹H NMR data. The electronic structure, redox properties and spectra are well supported by DFT and TDDFT computation on the complexes.     

Synthesis,characterization, electrochemical and crystal structure investigation of bis(2-((2-aminoethylimino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenolato) cobalt(III)

The mononuclear cobalt(III) complex [Co(L)₂]Cl ·?H₂O (1) (where L is H₂N(CH₂)₂N=CC₆H₃(OMe)(O^?)) has been prepared and characterized by IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, conductivity measurements, elemental analysis, TGA, cyclic voltammetry and an X-ray structure determination. The cobalt(III) coordination sphere in [Co(L)2] is cis-CoN₄O₂ with the NNO ligands. Electrochemical studies of 1 using cyclic voltammetry indicate an irreversible cathodic peak (E _pc, ca ?0.60 V) corresponding to reduction of cobalt(III) to cobalt(II).     

1,3-Bis(2-alkyltetrazol-5-yl)triazenes and their Fe(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes: Synthesis,spectroscopy, and thermal properties. Crystal structure of Fe(II) and Co(II) 1,3-bis(2-methyltetrazol-5-yl)triazenide complexes

Complexes ML¹₂ and ML²₂, with M = Fe^II, Co^II, Ni^II, and 1,3-bis(2-R-tetrazol-5-yl)triazenide ligands L¹ (R = Me) and L² (R = ^tBu), have been synthesized by the reaction of corresponding 1,3-bis(2-R-tetrazol-5-yl)triazenes with metal(II) salts in basic media and characterized by IR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, thermal and X-ray diffraction analyses. Both 1,3-bis(2-R-tetrazol-5-yl)triazenes were found to deprotonate on coordination and act as tridentate chelating ligands forming distorted MN₆ octahedra around metal(II) cations.     

Preparation,spectroscopic, and structural characterization of the first Co(III) cyanoxime complex: two polymorphs of fac-, tris(benzoylcyanoximato)cobalt(III), Co(BCO)3

Coordination chemistry of cyanoximes–low molecular weight organic molecules having general formula NC–C(=NOH)–R–received attention in recent years due to their pronounced biological activity and interesting properties. The preparation, spectroscopic properties, electrochemical properties, and crystal structure of the first representative of a family of cobalt(III) tris-cyanoximates–Co(BCO)₃ (where BCO is the anion of the benzoylcyanoxime, C₆H₅–C(O)–C(NO)–CN^–)–are now reported. The complex crystallizes as red prisms from CHCl₃ solution as the fac-isomer in centrosymmetric R3 space group with three pairs of enantiomers in the unit cell (Z = 6). Slow evaporation of CH₃CN solution of Co(BCO)₃ leads to crystallization of the same fac-complex without a solvent molecule in the lattice, only this time in the centrosymmetric monoclinic C2/c space group (Z = 8). Both structures have converged with final values R ₁ = 0.0462 (wR ₂ = 0.1273) and R ₁ = 0.0323 (wR ₂ = 0.0809), respectively. Therefore, two polymorphs of Co(BCO)₃ were observed, which is a rare case for this transition metal in Werner-type complexes. The cyanoxime anion forms a five-membered chelate ring by the nitrogen of the nitroso and the oxygen of the carbonyl, and the ligand adopts cis-anti configuration. The anion is bound to the metal center via short, covalent Co–N and Co–O bonds, and represents the second known case of very tight binding of an oxime ligand to Co(III). There is a significant degree of ligand-to-metal charge transfer reflected in an unusually low value of the redox potential Co(III) + e = Co(II) (E _1/2 = ?0.0975 V) as opposed to that tabulated for aqueous solutions +1.82 V, and low-field shifts of the positions of the signals in ¹³C NMR spectrum of fac-Co(BCO)₃ compared to the free ligand.     

Synthesis,Crystal structure and Fluorescence properties of a Binuclear Terbium(Iii) complex of N-(2-Pyridinyl)Ketoacetamide

A binuclear terbium(III) complex of N-(2-pyridinyl)ketoacetamide (HL) was synthesized and its crystal structure determined. Each terbium(III) binds to one N,O-bidentate HL, one O,O-bidentate L and two N,μ-O,O-tridentate bridging L ligands; the coordination polyhedron is a distorted square antiprism. The pyridine N and keto O atoms of the binucleating ligand are coordinated to each Tb with the amide O acting as a bridging atom. The adjacent [Tb₂(HL)₂L₄]²⁺ units are bridged by double C(R)NH…ONO₂…HN(R)C hydrogen bonds to form an infinite 1-D chain, and a 2-D layer structure results from a rare near face-to-face π,π-stacking interaction between the pyridine rings of the adjacent chains. The crystal structure analysis reveals that the ligands completely shield the Ln(III) ions. Excited by the absorption band at 370?nm, the Tb(III) complex displays characteristic metal-centered fluorescence while the ligand fluorescence is completely quenched, showing that efficient ligand-to-metal energy transfer (antenna effect) occurs.