New chiral 3-aryl-7-arylmethylidene-3,3a,4,5,6,7-hexahydroindazoles: Synthesis,structure, and twisting power in nematic liquid crystals

(3R)-2,6-Bis(arylmethylidene)-3-methylcyclohexanones and 3-(4-X-aryl)-7-(4-X-arylmethylidene)-3,3a,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-2,6- and -2,4-dimethyl-2H-indazoles (X = Cl, HO, AlkO, AlkOCO, MeOC₆H₄COO) as potential chiral additives to liquid crystalline systems were synthesized starting from (3R)-3-methylcyclohexanone. Relations between the twisting power and molecular structure of the synthesized compounds are discussed.     

Substituent effects on the rate constants for the photo-Claisen rearrangement of allyl aryl ethers

The photochemistry of 11 substituted allyl 4-X- and 3-X-aryl ethers 3 (ArOCH2-CH=CH2) has been examined in both methanol and cyclohexane as solvents. The ethers react by the photo-Claisen rearrangement to give allyl substituted phenols as the major primary photoproducts, as expected from the well-established radical pair mechanism. The excited singlet state properties (absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra, fluorescence quantum yields, and singlet lifetimes) were compared with a parallel set of unreactive 4-X- and 3-X-anisoles 4. The excited-state properties of three substituted 4-X-aryl 4-(1-butenyl) ethers 14 (ArOCH2CH2-CH=CH2) were also examined. The model compounds 4 and the reactive allyl ethers 3 have essentially identical rate constants for the excited-state processes with the exception of, the rate constant for homolytic cleavage from S(1) of the allyl ethers to give the radical pair. The difference between the fluorescence quantum yields and/or singlet lifetimes for 3 and 4 were used to obtain values of for all of the allyl ethers. These values exhibit a large substituent effect, spanning almost 2 orders of magnitude with electron-donating groups (CH3O, CH3) accelerating the reaction and electron-withdrawing ones (CN, CF3) slowing it down. The parallel range of rate constants observed in both methanol and cyclohexane indicates that ion pairs are not important intermediates in these rearrangements. Quantum yields of reaction (Phi(r)) for several of the more reactive ethers demonstrate that neither these values nor rate constants of reaction derived from them are reliable measures of the actual excited-state process. In fact, the values are significantly lower than the ones, indicating that the radical pairs undergo recombination to generate starting material. Finally, the rate constants were found to parallel a trend for the change in bond dissociation energy (deltaBDE) for the O-C (allyl) bond of the allyl ethers, indicating that other possible substituent effects are of minor importance.     

Fine-tuning monophosphine ligands for enhanced enantioselectivity. Influence of chiral hemilabile pendant groups

[reaction: see text] C(2)-Symmetric P-(2-X-aryl)-2,5-dialkylphospholanes (X = dioxolan-2-yl or dioxan-2-yl), designed on the basis of a working model for asymmetric induction, are effective ligands for the Ni(II)-catalyzed asymmetric hydrovinylation of styrenes. Excellent yields (>99%), selectivities for the desired 3-arylbutenes (>99%), high S/C ratios (>1200), and ee's (up to 91%) have been realized for a number of prototypical vinylarenes. In the dioxolane series, the selectivity depends on the configuration of the C(4) and C(5)() carbons.     

Synthesis, characterization, and study of octanuclear iron-oxo clusters containing a redox-active Fe4O4-cubane core

A one-pot synthetic procedure yields the octanuclear Fe(III) complexes Fe(8)(micro(4-)O)(4)(micro-pz(*))(12)X(40, where X = Cl and pz(*) = pyrazolate anion (pz = C(3)H(3)N(2)-) (1), 4-Cl-pz (2), and 4-Me-pz (3) or X = Br and pz(*) = pz (4). The crystal structures of complexes 1-4, determined by X-ray diffraction, show an Fe(4)O(4)-cubane core encapsulated in a shell composed of four interwoven Fe(micro-pz(*))(3)X units. Complexes 1-4 have been characterized by 1H NMR, infrared, and Raman spectroscopies. M?ssbauer spectroscopic analysis distinguishes the cubane and outer Fe(III) centers by their different isomer shift and quadrupole splitting values. Electrochemical analyses by cyclic voltammetry show four consecutive, closely spaced, reversible reduction processes for each of the four complexes. Magnetic susceptibility studies, corroborated by density functional theory calculations, reveal weak antiferromagnetic coupling among the four cubane Fe centers and strong antiferromagnetic coupling between cubane and outer Fe atoms of 1. The structural similarity between the antiferromagnetic Fe(8)(micro(4-)O)(4) core of 1-4 and the antiferromagnetic units contained in the minerals ferrihydrite and maghemite is demonstrated by X-ray and M?ssbauer data.     

Determination of Dopamine Using 2-(4-Boronophenyl)quinoline-4-carboxylic Acids as Fluorescent Probes

The selective identification of dopamine is a significant issue because this compound is an important neurotransmitter closely related to Parkinson’s disease and other mental disorders. 2-(4-Boronophenyl)quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (PBAQA) has been previously reported as a water-soluble fluorescent probe for catechol. However, there are no significant differences in the binding constants between catechol and catecholamines, such as dopamine or levodopa. Here a series of bis-boronic acid compounds based on PBAQA were synthesized and the binding activities were characterized. As a representative compound, the binding constant of 4-(4-((3-(3-borono-4-chlorobenzamido)propyl)carbamoyl)quinolin-2-yl)boronic acid to dopamine is up to 10⁴?L?mol^?1 and much higher than previously reported boronic acid probes. Dopamine selectivity may be achieved by the variation of the substituents in the probe molecules. 4-(4-((3-(3-Borono-4-methoxybenzamido)propyl)carbamoyl)quinolin-2-yl)boronic acid has a stronger binding affinity to dopamine (K_a=5204?±?106?L?mol^?1) than catechol (K_a=2588?±?273?L?mol^?1) or levodopa (K_a=2383?±?273?L?mol^?1). This fluorescence response was used for determining dopamine in a range from 5?×?10^?5?mol?L^?1 to 5?×?10^?4?mol?L^?1 with a detection limit of 7.7?×?10^?6?mol?L^?1. This compound has been successfully used for the assay of dopamine in rabbit plasma, exhibiting excellent specificity. It is believed that synthesized compounds hold great promise as practical platforms to monitor dopamine levels.     

WS4Cu3I2]- and [WS4Cu4]2+ secondary building units formed a metal-organic framework: large tubes in a highly interpenetrated system

A 3D metal-organic framework, {[WS(4)Cu(4)(dpbp)(4)](2+)·[WS(4)Cu(3)(dpbp)(2)I(2)](-)·I(-)}(n)·xSolvent, [dpbp = 4,4'-di(4-pyridyl)biphenyl] with an unprecedent 8-fold non-equivalent interpenetration mode is presented, which contains four anionic and four cationic frameworks formed by tetranuclear [WS(4)Cu(3)I(2)](-) and pentanuclear [WS(4)Cu(4)](2+) SBUs with long dpbp ligands. Large rhombus-shaped tubes with diagonal dimensions of ~20 × 10 ? are formed in spite of high interpenetration.     

A novel synthetic approach to very late antigen-4 antagonist trans-4-[1-[[2,5-dichloro-4-(1-methyl-3-indolylcarboxyamide)phenyl]acetyl]-(4S)-methoxy-(2S)-pyrrolidinylmethoxy]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid via tert-butyl trans-[(4S)-Methoxy-(2S)-pyrrolidinylmethoxy]cyclohexanecarboxylate as a key intermediate

This contribution describes a novel synthetic approach to very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) antagonist trans-4-[1-[[2,5-dichloro-4-(1-methyl-3-indolylcarboxyamide)phenyl]acetyl]-(4S)-methoxy-(2S)-pyrrolidinylmethoxy]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (1) via tert-butyl trans-[(4S)-methoxy-(2S)-pyrrolidinylmethoxy]cyclohexanecarboxylate (2b) as a key intermediate. The synthesis, which includes n-Bu?NSO?H that catalyzed basic etherification of 12 and iodine-mediated cyclization to provide the 2,4-disubstituted pyrrolidine frame of 2b, is designed to utilize trans-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid (9) as a commercially available starting material.     

HCN exchange on [Cu(HCN)4]+: a quantum chemical investigation

Density functional (B3LYP, B3PW91, X3LYP, BP86, PBEPBE, PW91PW91, and M06) and ab initio (MP2, MP4sdq, CCSD, and CCSD(T)) calculations with extended basis sets (6-311+G**, TZVP, LANL2DZ+p, and SDD+p, the latter including extra polarization and diffuse functions) indicate that HCN exchange on [Cu(HCN)₄]⁺ proceeds via an associative interchange (I_a) mechanism and a D_3h transition structure {[Cu(HCN)₅]⁺}^?. The activation barrier, relative to the model complex [Cu(HCN)₄]⁺·HCN, varies modestly, depending on the computational level. Typical values are 8.0?kcal?M^?1 (B3LYP/6-311+G**), 6.0?kcal?M^?1 (M06/6-311+G**), and 4.8?kcal?M^?1 (CCSD(T)/6-311+G**//MP2(full)/6-311+G**). Inclusion of an implicit solvent model (B3LYP(CPCM)/6-311+G**) leads to an activation barrier of 5.8?kcal?mol^?1. Comparison of the HCN exchange mechanisms on [Li(HCN)₄]⁺ (limiting associative, A) and [Cu(HCN)₄]⁺ (associative interchange, I_a) reveals that π back donation in the equatorial Cu–N bonds in the transition state determines the mechanism.     

Synthesis and structure of a bismuth(III)/chromium(VI) oxo cluster containing a Bi4Cr4O12 core

Bismuth(III) compounds containing the Kl?ui's oxygen tripodal ligand [CpCo{P(O)(OEt)(2)}(3)](-) (L(OEt)(-)) have been synthesized, and their interactions with dichromate in aqueous media were studied. The treatment of Bi(5)O(OH)(9)(NO(3))(4) with NaL(OEt) in water afforded [L(OEt)Bi(NO(3))(2)](2) (1), whereas that of BiCl(3) with NaL(OEt) in CH(2)Cl(2) yielded L(OEt)BiCl(2) (2). Chloride abstraction of 2 with AgX afforded [L(OEt)BiX(2)](2) [X(-) = triflate (OTf(-)) (3), tosylate (OTs(-)) (4)]. In aqueous solutions at pH > 4, 4 underwent ligand redistribution to give the bis(tripod) complex [(L(OEt))(2)Bi(H(2)O)][OTs] (5). The treatment of 4 with Na(2)Cr(2)O(7) in acetone/water afforded the Bi(III)/Cr(VI) oxo cluster [(L(OEt))(4)Bi(4)(μ(3)-CrO(4))(2)(μ(3)-Cr(2)O(7))(2)] (6) containing a unique Bi(4)Cr(4)O(12) oxometallic core. Compound 6 oxidized benzyl alcohol to give ca. 6 equiv of benzaldehyde. The reaction between 2 and CrO(3) yielded [L(OEt)Bi(OCrO(2)Cl)](2)(μ-Cl)(2) (7). The crystal structures of complexes 4-7 have been determined.     

四核钼簇合物的配体取代反应及产物Mo_4S_4(μ-OAc)_2(dtp)_4的晶体结构

标题化合物(Ⅰ)经由Mo_4S_4(μ-dtp)_4(Ⅱ)[dtp=S_2P(OEt)_2]和Ni(OAc)_2反应而得。(Ⅰ)晶体属单斜晶系,空间群P2/c,a=13.176(4),b=11.699(3),c=18.526(4)(?),β=116.11(3)°,V=2564(3)(?)~3,Z=2,D_c=1.776g·cm~(-3)。晶体结构由直接法解出,最终偏离因子R=0.085。本文结果表明,可由已知的四核钼簇合物经过配体置换反应,合成得到其簇骼中心[Mo_4S_4]保持不变并具有-OAc作为桥式配体和-dtp作为端基配体的混合配体类立方烷[Mo_4S_4]簇合物。     

Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of Ce3+ and Eu2+-activated Ca7Mg(SiO4)4 phosphors for solid state lighting

Ce(3+) and Eu(2+) singly doped and Ce(3+)/Eu(2+)-codoped Ca(7)Mg(SiO(4))(4) phosphors are synthesized by the conventional solid state reaction. The Ce(3+) activated sample exhibits intense blue emission under 350 nm excitation, the composition-optimized Ca(7)Mg(SiO(4))(4)?:?4%Ce(3+) shows better color purity than the commercial blue phosphor, BaMgAl(10)O(17)?:?Eu(2+) (BAM?:?Eu(2+)) and exhibits superior external quantum efficiency (65%). The Ca(7)Mg(SiO(4))(4)?:?Eu(2+) powder shows a broad emission band in the wavelength range of 400-600 nm with a maximum at about 500 nm. The strong excitation bands of the Ca(7)Mg(SiO(4))(4)?:?Eu(2+) in the wavelength range of 250-450 nm are favorable properties for applications as light-emitting-diode conversion phosphors. Furthermore, the energy transfer from the Ce(3+) to Eu(2+) ions is observed in the codoped samples, the resonance-type energy transfer is determined to be due to the dipole-dipole interaction mechanism and the critical distance is obtained through the spectral overlap approach and concentration quenching method.     

Enantioselective intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition reactions of 4-substituted coumarins catalyzed by a chiral Lewis acid

Eight coumarins, which carry a terminal alkene tethered by a CH(2)XCH(2) group to their 4-position (X = CH(2), CMe(2), O, S, NBoc, NZ, NTs, NBn), were synthesized in overall yields of 51-80?%. Starting materials for the syntheses were either commercially available 4-hydroxycoumarin or 4-formylcoumarin. The intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition of these coumarins gave diastereoselectively products with a tetracyclic 3,3a,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[2,3]cyclobuta[1,2-c]chromen-5(2H)-one skeleton. Direct irradiation at λ = 300?nm in dichloromethane (c = 10?mM) led to product formation in good yields for most substrates, presumably via a singlet excited state intermediate. Due to the low coumarin absorption at λ >350?nm the photocycloaddition was slow upon irradiation at λ = 366?nm. Addition of a chiral oxazaborolidine-based Lewis acid (50?mol?%) increased the reaction rate at λ = 366?nm and induced a significant enantioselectivity in the [2+2] photocycloaddition. Six out of eight coumarin substrates (X = CH(2), CMe(2), O, NBoc, NZ, NTs) gave the respective products in yields of 72-96?% and with 74-90?% enantiomeric excess (ee) upon irradiation in dichloromethane (c = 20?mM) at -75?°C. The Lewis acid presumably acts by coordination to the coumarin carbonyl oxygen atom, which leads to a bathochromic shift (redshift) of the UV absorption and which increases the singlet state lifetime. A second electrostatic interaction of the hydrogen atom at C3 with the oxygen atom of the oxazaborolidine is likely.     

锗(IV)-茜素红-VOSO4-EDTA体系极谱吸附催化波研究

报导了在酸性缓冲液中锗(IV)-茜素红-VOSO4-EDTA体系的配合吸附平行催化波的研究.锗的最低检出量为1.0x10^-^9mol.dm^-^3.研究了催化波的机理.     

Crystal Structure of a 4-Methyl-phenylacetylide-bridged Pt~IICu~I_2 Heterotrinuclear Organometallic Complex

1 INTRODUCTION Over the past decades, metal alkynyl complexes have attracted more and more attention due to their potential applications in conducting polymers, lumi- nescent materials and supramolecular chemis- try[1～10]. Compared to the rapid growth o…     

Scavenging effects of metal complexes of water-soluble thiacalix[4]arenetetrasulfonate on superoxide anion radicals

The scavenging effects of metal complexes of thiacalix[4]arenetetrasulfonate (Me-TCAS[4], Me=H?, Fe3(+), Mn3(+), Mn2(+), Cu2(+), and Zn2(+)) on superoxide anion radicals (O??) generated from the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system were investigated by the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) method and electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-trapping method using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide as a trapping reagent. As a reference, calix[4]arenetetrasulfonate (H?)-CAS[4]), calix[6]arenehexasulfonate (H?-CAS[6]) and calix[8]areneoctasulfonate (H?-CAS[8]) were also examined. The results by the NBT method indicated that Fe3(+)- and Mn3(+)-TCAS[4] exhibited the highest O?? scavenging activity among Me-TCAS[4] and H?-CAS[n] (n = 4, 6, 8) in this study. The IC?? values of Fe3(+)- and Mn3(+)-TCAS[4] for O?? scavenging activity were estimated to be 5.3 and 7.8 μM, respectively, and were almost the same as those of tannin acid, catechin and their derivatives, which are known as very effective scavengers of O??. Scavenging activities were in the order of Fe3(+)- and Mn3(+)-TCAS[4]>Mn2(+)-, Cu2(+)-, and Zn(2+)-TCAS[4]>H(2)-TCAS[4] and H?-CAS[n] (n=4, 6, 8). Each activity of Me-TCAS[4] (Me=Fe3(+), Mn3(+), Mn2(+), Cu2(+), and Zn2(+)) was higher than that of the corresponding metal ion, indicating that H?-TCAS[4] has the ability to raise the activity of the metal ion itself by forming a complex. Also, the ESR spin-trapping method revealed that Fe3(+)- and Mn3(+)-TCAS[4] showed high O?? scavenging activities, similarly to the results by the NBT method.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Rctt-1-(2-benzoxazolyl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-phenyl-3-(4-pyridinyl)cyclobutane

1INTRODUCTIONThephotodimerizationof1,2-bisarylethenederivativesisaconvenientwayforsynthesizingtetraarylsubstitutedcyclobutane.Forthisreason,thephotochemistryofstilbeneandstyrylpyridinederivativeshasbeenextensivelystudied[1,2].UpontheirradiationwithUVlight(?=300～400nm),thesemonomersareconvertedtohead-to-tailphotodimersinpolarsolventwithperfectyields.Inrecentyears,ourgrouphasbeenstudyingthephotodimerizationreactionsofheteroarylethenescontainingbenzoxazolyl[3]andphenyloxazolyl[4]groups.Itw…     

新型球状磷酸铁锂的合成及电化学性能

在水热条件下,制备了水合碱式磷酸铁微球,500 oC焙烧后生成直径为5μm的碱式磷酸铁,接着与碳酸锂一起焙烧后生成了球形磷酸铁锂．我们的方法可以有效地控制所获得产物的尺寸和形貌,同时在产物表面形成均匀碳包覆,改善了磷酸铁锂的电化学性能．     

Photoelectron spectroscopy of HC4N-

We report the 364-nm photoelectron spectrum of HC(4)N(-). We observe electron photodetachment from the bent X(2)A" state of HC(4)N(-) to both the near-linear X(3)A" and the bent ? (1)A' states of neutral HC(4)N. We observe an extended, unresolved vibrational progression corresponding to X(3)A" ← X(2)A" photodetachment, and we measure the electron affinity (EA) of the X(3)A" state of HC(4)N to be 2.05(8) eV. Photodetachment to the bent ? (1)A' state results in a single intense origin peak at a binding energy of 2.809(4) eV, from which we determine the singlet-triplet splitting (ΔE(ST)) of HC(4)N: 0.76(8) eV. For comparison and to aid in the interpretation of the HC(4)N(-) spectrum, we also report the 364-nm photoelectron spectra of HCCN(-) and DCCN(-). Improved signal-to-noise over the previous HCCN(-) and DCCN(-) photoelectron spectra allows for a more precise determination of the EAs and ΔE(ST)s of HCCN and DCCN. The EAs of HCCN and DCCN are measured to be 2.001(15) eV and 1.998(15) eV, respectively; ΔE(ST)(HCCN) is 0.510(15) eV and ΔE(ST)(DCCN) is 0.508(15) eV. These results are discussed in the context of other organic carbene chains.     

Hierarchical assembly of a novel luminescent silver coordination framework with 4-(4-pyridylthiomethyl)benzoic acid

A novel Ag(I) coordination polymer, [Ag₂(μ-ptmb)(μ₃-ptmb)]·2H₂O (1), (ptmb=4-(4-pyridylthiomethyl)benzoate), has been synthesized through self-assembly of AgNO₃ with Hptmb in CH₃CN/H₂O mixed solution and characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectra. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that it is a 1D tape-like structure consisting of two kinds of rectangles, which is further hierarchically assembled by Ag?S and S?S weak interactions to form 3D open framework. Luminescence study indicates the complex has an emissive maximum at 500 nm in the solid state at room temperature.     

Performance of W4 theory for spectroscopic constants and electrical properties of small molecules

Accurate spectroscopic constants and electrical properties of small molecules are determined by means of W4 and post-W4 theories. For a set of 28 first- and second-row diatomic molecules for which very accurate experimental spectroscopic constants are available, W4 theory affords near-spectroscopic or better predictions. Specifically, the root-mean-square deviations (RMSDs) from experiment are 0.04 pm for the equilibrium bond distances (r(e)), 1.03?cm(-1) for the harmonic frequencies (ω(e)), 0.20?cm(-1) for the first anharmonicity constants (ω(e)x(e)), 0.10?cm(-1) for the second anharmonicity constants (ω(e)y(e)), and 0.001?cm(-1) for the vibration-rotation coupling constants (α(e)). These RMSDs imply 95% confidence intervals of about 0.1 pm for r(e), 2.0?cm(-1) for ω(e), 0.4?cm(-1) for ω(e)x(e), and 0.2?cm(-1) for ω(e)y(e). We find that post-CCSD(T) contributions are essential to achieve such narrow confidence intervals for r(e) and ω(e), but have little effect on ω(e)x(e) and α(e), and virtually none on ω(e)y(e). Higher-order connected triples T(3)-(T) improve the agreement with experiment for the hydride systems, but their inclusion (in the absence of T(4)) tends to worsen the agreement with experiment for the nonhydride systems. Connected quadruple excitations T(4) have significant and systematic effects on r(e), ω(e), and ω(e)x(e), in particular they universally increase r(e) (by up to 0.5 pm), universally reduce ω(e) (by up to 32?cm(-1)), and universally increase ω(e)x(e) (by up to 1?cm(-1)). Connected quintuple excitations T(5) are spectroscopically significant for ω(e) of the nonhydride systems, affecting ω(e) by up to 4?cm(-1). Diagonal Born-Oppenheimer corrections have systematic and spectroscopically significant effects on r(e) and ω(e) of the hydride systems, universally increasing r(e) by 0.01-0.06 pm and decreasing ω(e) by 0.3-2.1?cm(-1). Obtaining r(e) and ω(e) of the pathologically multireference BN and BeO systems with near-spectroscopic accuracy requires large basis sets in the core-valence CCSD(T) step and augmented basis sets in the valence post-CCSD(T) steps in W4 theory. The triatomic molecules H(2)O, CO(2), and O(3) are also considered. The equilibrium geometries and harmonic frequencies (with the exception of the asymmetric stretch of O(3)) are obtained with near-spectroscopic accuracy at the W4 level. The asymmetric stretch of ozone represents a severe challenge to W4 theory, in particular the connected quadruple contribution converges very slowly with the basis set size. Finally, the importance of post-CCSD(T) correlation effects for electrical properties, namely, dipole moments (μ), polarizabilities (α), and first hyperpolarizabilities (β), is evaluated.