3-Oxy-5-phenyl-1<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic Acid. Synthesis,Structure, and Properties

The structure of 3-oxy-5-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acid was determined both experimentally (by the X-ray diffraction method) and by quantum-chemical calculations. Alkylation of 3-oxy-5-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acid (as crystal hydrate) with methyl iodide, depending on the reactant ratio, gives 1-methoxy-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-5-carboxylic acid and methyl 1-methoxy-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-5-carboxylate. Nitration of the title compound under mild conditions occurs at the 5-phenyl group with formation of meta-nitro derivative, while under more severe conditions 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid is obtained. 3-Oxy-5-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acid was also converted into the corresponding acid chloride and substituted amide.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 4, 2005, pp. 601–608.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Shtabova, Shaposhnikov, Mel’nikova, Tselinskii, Nather, Traulsen, Friedrichsen.     

Synthesis and Some Properties of 2-(5-Methyl-2-Phenyl-2H-1,2,3-Diazaphosphol-4-yl)-4H-Benzo[d]-1,3,2-Dioxaphosphorin-4-One

Abstract

2-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-2Н-1,2,3-diazaphosphol-4-yl)-4H-benzo[d]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorin-4-one 1 readily reacts with hexafluoroacetone, mesoxalic acid diethyl ester, trifluoropyruvic acid ethyl ester and chloral to give 2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-2H-1,2,3-dizaphosphole-4-yl)-derivatives of 1,3,2- and 1,4,2-dioxaphosphepines.     

Ring closure reaction of 4-(2-hydroxyanilino)-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid with acetic anhydride. Synthesis of pyrimido[5,4-c] [1,5]benzoxazepin-5(11H)ones

Syntheses of 11-acety1-2-phenylpyrimido[5,4-c][1,5]benzoxazepin-5(11H)one ( 16a ) and analogs ( 16b,c, 22 ) were described. The reaction of 4-chloro-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester ( 7 ) with 2-aminophenol afforded 4-(2-hydroxyanilino)-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidine-carboxylic acid ethyl ester ( 8a ). The latter was also prepared by catalytic reduction of 4-(2-nitrophenoxy)-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester ( 9 ), which was obtained from 7 and 2-nitrophenol. Involvement of 4-(2-aminophenoxy)-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester ( 12a ) in this reduction as an intermediate was demonstrated by an independent synthesis of 12a and its subsequent rearrangement to 8a. Hydrolysis of 8a or 12a gave 4-(2-hydroxyanilino)-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ( 15a ). Reaction of 15a with acetic anhydride afforded 16a , the first member of a novel ring system, the pyrimido[5,4- c ][1,5]-benzoxazepin. Additional examples ( 16b,c ) were prepared similarly. The corresponding 11-ethyl derivative ( 22 ) was prepared in similar fashion, starting with 7 and 2-ethylaminophenol. A possible reaction mechanism for the formation of 16a-c from 15a-c and acetic anhydride was discussed.     

Synthesis of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-5-ones. Cyclization reaction of 4-[(3-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)amino]-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid with acetic anhydride

Treatment of 4-[(3-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)amino]-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid (X) with acetic anhydride under refluxing conditions afforded 10-hydroxy-2-phenyl-5H-pyrido[1,2-a]-pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-5-one acetate (IX). The intermediate X was prepared from 4-chloro-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester (V). The reaction of V with the sodium salt of 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine at room temperature gave 4-(2-amino-3-pyridyloxy)-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester (VI). Treatment of VI with a hot aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and subsequent acidification gave X. Involvement of 4-[(3-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)amino]-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecaroboxylic acid ethyl ester (VIII) (Smiles rearrangement product) as an intermediate in the above alkaline hydrolysis reaction of VI to X was demonstrated by the isolation of VIII and its subsequent conversion into X under alkaline hydrolysis conditions. Acetylation of VIII with acetic anhydride in pyridine solution gave 4-[(3-hydroxy-2-pyridyl)amino]-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester acetate (XI), which afforded IX on fusion at 220°. This alternative synthesis of IX from XI supported the structural assignment of IX. Fusion of VI gave 10-hydroxy-2-phenyl-5H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimido]4,5-d]pyrimidin-5-one (VII). The latter was also obtained when VIII was fused at 210°. Acetylation of VII with acetic anhydride afforded IX.     

Pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidines. I. 5-hydroxypyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidines

5-Hydroxy-7-alkyl-2-phenyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitriles (VIIb-d) and 5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid, ethyl ester (VIIa) were prepared from 5-carbethoxy-4-chloro-2-phenylpyrimidine (IV) via 4-[(cyanomethyl)alkylamino[-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid, ethyl esters (Vb-d) and 4-[(carboxymethyl)amino]-2-phenyl-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid, diethyl ester (Va), respectively. The hydroxy group of the pyrrolo-[2,3-d]pyrimidines could be methylated, acetylated and tosylated. Hydrolysis of 5-methoxy-7-methyl-2-phenyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile (IX) afforded the corresponding amide (X).     

Isolierung,Konstitution und Synthese der (R)-(−)-Eucominsäure

From the bulbs of Eucomis punctata L'Hérit. (Liliaceae) and of a hitherto undefined species of Eucomis a new optically active phenolic carboxylic acid, eucomic acid, was isolated. Structure 1 was assigned on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence. The absolute configuration of eucomic acid was determined by its correlation with piscidic acid ((2 R, 3 S)-2-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-tartaric acid) ( 8 ). Consequently, eucomic acid is (R)-(?)-2-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-malic acid ( 1 ). For the stereospecific synthesis, methyl cis-p-methoxybenzylidene-succinic acid ( 22 ) was transformed into the γ-lactone 24 which, by catalytic hydrogenolysis, yielded (±)-2-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-malic acid 1-methyl ester ( 27 ). Resolution with (?)-quinine led to the enantiomeric acids 29 and 30 . The methyl ester of the levorotatory enantiomer 30 was identical with the dimethyl ester 3 of 4′-O-methyl-eucomic acid.     

Synthetic transformations of higher terpenoids: XV. Transformations of azlactone derived from 16-formyllambertianic acid methyl ester

Condensation of 16-formyllambertianic acid methyl ester with hippuric acid gave methyl 15,16-epoxy-16-[(4Z)-5-oxo-2-phenyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-4-ylidenemethyl]labda-8(20),13(16),14-trien-19-oate which underwent ready transformation into 2-benzoylamino-3-(2-furyl)acrylic acid of the labdanoid series. Reactions of the diterpenoid azlactone with amines and α-amino acid esters led to the formation of the corresponding carbamoylvinylbenzamides and N-(2-benzoylaminoacryloyl) amino acid esters, and furylacrylic acid hydrazides were formed in reactions with hydrazines. Cyclization of the N′-phenylhydrazide by the action of 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide gave the corresponding 1,2,4-triazin-6-one. By treatment of the azlactone with aqueous ammonia on heating, 4-substituted 2-phenyl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-5-one was obtained.     

Iron(III) bis-complexes of Schiff bases of S-methyldithiocarbazates: Synthesis,structure, spectral and redox properties and cytotoxicity

A series of iron(III) bis-complexes of the type [FeL₂]X 1-4 , X = OH⁻ ( 1 ), Cl^¯ ( 3 ), and FeCl₄^¯ ( 2 , 4 ), where LH is a tridentate (N,N,S) ligands such as N′-(1-pyridin-2-ylethylidene)-hydrazinecarbodithioic acid methyl ester ( HL1 ), N′-(phenylpyridin-2-ylmethylene)-hydrazinecarbodithioic acid methyl ester ( HL2 ), N′-quinolin-2-ylmethylene-hydrazinecarbodithioic acid methyl ester ( HL3 ), or N′-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl-methylene)hydrazinecarbodithioic acid methyl ester ( HL4 ) has been isolated in moderate to good yields and completely characterized by elemental analyses, conductivity studies, and infrared and UV-visible spectral measurements. The single crystal X-ray structures of 1 , 2 and 4 revealed that two deprotonated tridentate (NNS) ligands are meridionally coordinated to constitute a distorted octahedral coordination geometry around iron(III). In acetonitrile solution, all the complexes show quasi-reversible Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox behavior. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the ligands HL1–HL4 (IC₅₀: HL1 , 64.5; HL2 , 51.0; HL3 , 124.0; HL4 , 45.0 μM at 24 h) and complexes 1–4 (IC₅₀: 1 , 84.5; 2 , 40.0; 3 , 168.5; 4 , 50.5 μM at 24 h) towards A549 lung cancer cell lines are similar to cisplatin (69.0 μM), revealing that free ligands cause cancer cell death with potency higher than the corresponding iron(III) complexes. Also, both the ligands and the complexes cause cell death mainly through apoptotic mode, as revealed by the observation of a higher percentage of apoptotic cells in acridine orange (AO)/ ethidium bromide (EB), and Annexin V-Cy3 stained cancer cells.     

Studies on the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Part VI. The action of methyl salicylate on some 5-aminopyrazoles

Some 1-phenyl-3-R-5-aminopyrazoles reacted with methyl salicylate to give N-(1-phenyl-3-R-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-methoxybenzamides ( 3a,b,c ), 1-phenyl-2-methyl-3-R-salicyloilimino-3-pyrazolines ( 4a,b,c ) together with 1-phenyl-3-R-5-methylamino pyrazoles ( 5a,b,c ). The structures of the new compounds 3 and 4 were determined on the basis of analytical and spectroscopic data as well as on the acid hydrolysis products.     

Catalytic hydrogenation of methyl esters of some 1h-pyrazoline-3-carboxylic acids

Hydrogenation over Raney nickel of the methyl ester of 1H-pyrazoline-3-carboxylic acid and also of its 4-phenyl and 5-methoxycarbonyl-substituted analogs, leads respectively to 3-aminopyrrolidin-2-one, its 4-phenyl- and 5-methoxycarbonyl derivatives, predominantly to the trans isomer. Under the same conditions 1-amino-4-methoxycarbonylpyrrolidin-2-one was obtained from 3,4-di(methoxycarbonyl)-1H-pyrazoline, but 3,4,5-tri(methoxycarbonyl)-1H-pyrazoline did not react.     

Studies on Reactions of Cyclic Oxalyl Compounds with Hydrazines or Hydrazones. 2. Synthesis and Reactions of 4-Benzoyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic Acid

4-Benzoyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, obtained from the corresponding furan-2,3-dione and N-benzylidene-N'-(4-nitrophenyl)hydrazine, was converted via reactions of its acid chloride with various alcohols or N-nucleophiles into the corresponding ester or amide derivatives. The nitrile of the starting acid and 1-(4-aminophenyl)-4-benzoyl-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid were also obtained. While cyclocondensation reactions of the two acids and the nitrile mentioned with hydrazines lead to pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine derivatives, the reaction of starting acid with 2-hydrazinopyridine provided the hydrazonopyrazole acid derivative.     

Reactions of 2-isocyanatobenzoyl chloride and 2-carbomethoxyphenyl isocyanate with 5-aminotetrazole

Treatment of 2-isocyanatobenzoyl chloride ( 4 ) with 5-aminotetrazole (5-AT) gave 3-(5-tetrazolyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione ( 1 ) directly. Treatment of 2-carbomethoxyphenyl isocyanate ( 5 ) with 5-AT gave 2-[((5-amino-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)carbonyl)amino]benzoic acid methyl ester ( 6 ) as a kinetic product, which was thermally isomerized to 2-[((1H-tetrazol-5-ylamino)carbonyl)amino]benzoic acid methyl ester ( 7 ), the thermodynamically more stable urea. Cyclization of 7 with polyphosphoric acid gave 2-(1H-tetrazol-5-ylamino)-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one ( 2 ). Urea 6 was quite labile in solution, as shown by nmr, and readily reacted with methanol to give 2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]benzoic acid methyl ester ( 10 ).     

Synthesis of novel imidazo[1,2-a][3,1]benzothiazines 4, imidazo[1,2-a]-[1,2,4]benzotriazines 5, and 4H-imidazo[2,3-c]pyrido[2,3-e][1,4]oxazines 6

Starting from the readily available 2-aminobenzhydrols ( 7 ), 3-amino-1,2,4-benzotriazine ( 11 ) and 2-amino-3-pyridinol ( 12 ), novel derivatives of 5-phenyl-5H-imidazo[1,2-a][3,1]benzothiazine-2-carboxylic acid, ethyl ester ( 4 ), imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]benzotriazine-2-carboxylic acid, ethyl ester ( 5 ) and 4H-imidazo[2,3-c]pyrido-[2,3-e][1,4]oxazine ( 6 ) were prepared.     

Investigations in the 4-aryl-5-arylamino-1,2,4-triazoline-3-thione series

Cyanoethylation of 4-aryl-5-arylamino-1,2,4-triazoline-3-thiones proceeds at the nitrogen atom of the thioamide group. Alkylation of 4-aryl-5-arylamino-1,2,3-triazoline-3-thiones with chloroacetonitrile, monochloroacetic acid and its ester, -chloropropionic acid, and methyl iodide proceeds at the sulfur atom. The acidity constants of substituted 4-phenyl-5-phenylamino-1,2,4-triazoline-3-thiones differ by two orders of magnitude from the acidity constants of the more acidic substituted 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3-thiones.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 129–132, January, 1971.     

Pd(II)-catalyzed vinylic polymerization of norbornene and copolymerization with norbornene and copolymerization with norbornene carboxylic acid esters

The vinylic polymerization of norbornene and its copolymerization with norbornene carboxylic acid methyl esters were investigated. Norbornene was polymerized by us using di-μ-chloro-bis-(6-methoxybicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-endo-5σ,2π)-palladium(II) as catalyst. The polymerization time can be decreased by a factor of 100000 by activation of the catalyst with methylaluminoxane (MAO). With this palladium catalyst activated by MAO, 140 t of norbornene can be polymerized per mol palladium per h. This catalyst system was much more active than [Pd(CH₃CN)₄](BF₄)₂ ( I ). The polymerization of norbornene by (6-methoxybicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-endo-5σ,2π)-palladium(II) tetrafluoroborate was also possible but it was not as fast as the polymerization by Pd catalysts activated with MAO. We were also able to obtain copolymers of norbornene and 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (exo/endo = 1/4 or 2/3) containing between 15 and 20 mol-% ester units. The copolymerization of norbornene and 2-methyl-5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (exo/endo = 7/3) was faster than the copolymerization mentioned before. In contrast the homopolymerization of 2-methyl-5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester was 10 times slower than that of 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (exo/endo = 1/4).     

Organic Base‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Isomerizations of 4‐Hydroxy‐4‐phenyl‐but‐2‐ynoic Acid Methyl Ester to (E)‐ and (Z)‐4‐Oxo‐4‐phenyl‐but‐2‐enoic Acid Methyl Esters

We have developed a 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO)‐catalyzed isomerization of 4‐hydroxy‐4‐phenyl‐but‐2‐ynoic acid methyl ester to (E)‐4‐oxo‐4‐phenyl‐but‐2‐enoic acid methyl ester and an N,N‐diisopropylethylamine‐catalyzed isomerization of the same substrate to (Z)‐4‐oxo‐4‐phenyl‐but‐2‐enoic acid methyl ester.     

Fragmentation of trimethylsilyl derivatives of 2-alkoxyphenols: A further violation of the ‘even-electron rule’

The mass spectra of trimethylsilyl (TMS) ethers of 2-methoxyphenols show abundant [M–30]⁺˙ ions originating from consecutive loss of two methyl radicals. This is illustrated by comparison of the accurate mass-measured and linked-scan spectra of the TMS derivatives of 2-methoxyphenol (guaiacol), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (vanillin) and 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid methyl ester (ferulic acid methyl ester) with those of the TMS derivatives of phenol, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid methyl ester (p-coumaric acid methyl ester), 3-methoxyphenol and 4-methoxyphenol. This distinctive ortho effect is valuable in the identification of isomeric phenolic compounds. In the spectra of the TMS derivatives of 2-ethoxyphenol and 2-propoxyphenol the sequential loss of two radicals is less pronounced, because elimination of the side-chain and a methyl group with rearrangement and hydrogen migration is competitive.     

Reaction of 2-dimethylaminomethylene-1,3-diones with dinucleophiles. VI. Synthesis of ethyl or methyl 1,5-disubstituted 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylates

Reaction of ethyl or methyl 3-oxoalkanoates with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal gave, generally in excellent yields, a series of ethyl or methyl 2-dimethylaminomethylene-3-oxoalkanoates II which reacted with phenylhydrazine to afford the esters of 5-substituted 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acids III in high yields. Esters III were hydrolyzed to the relative 5-substituted 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acids which were converted by heating to 5-substituted 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazoles in excellent yields. Reaction of II with methylhydrazine afforded in general a mixture of 3- and 5-substituted ethyl 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylates with the exception of IIg , which gave in high yield methyl 5-benzyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate, which was hydrolyzed to the relative pyrazolecarboxylic acid. This afforded by heating 5-benzyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole in quantitative yield.     

Phenolic Compounds from Viburnum cylindricum

Three novel quinic acid esters, i.e., neochlorogenic acid methyl ester ( 1 ), cryptochlorogenic acid methyl ester ( 2 ), and chlorogenic acid methyl ester ( 3 ), were isolated from Viburnum cylindricum. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis.     

Synthesis, Reactions, and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Heterocyclic Systems Fused to a Thiophene Moiety Using Citrazinic Acid As Synthon

Summary. A series of pyridines, pyrimidinones, and oxazinones were synthesized as anti-inflammatory agents using citrazinic acid (2,6-dihydroxyisonicotinic acid) as a starting material. Acryloyl pyridine was treated with cyanothioacetamide to give cyano pyridine-thione, which was reacted with ethyl chloroacetate to yield the corresponding amino ester. The ester was hydrolysed to the sodium salt, which was treated with acetic anhydride to afford 2-methyloxazinone, which was treated with ammonium acetate to afford 2-methylpyrimidinone followed by methylation with methyl iodide to yield 2,3-dimethylpyrimidinone. In addition, the oxazinone derivative was reacted with aniline or hydrazine hydrate to give 3-phenyl- or 3-aminopyrimidinones. The latter reacted with thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde or phenylisothiocyanate to afford Schiff’s bases or thiosemicarbazides. 3-Aminopyrimidinone was treated with phthalic anhydride or 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride or toluene-3,5-diisocyanate to afford the corresponding imide, bis-imide, and bis-semicarbazide derivatives. The pharmacological screening showed that many of these compounds have good anti-inflammatory activity comparable to Prednisolone^? as reference drug.