共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
J. Luque R.J.H. Klein-Douwel J.B. Jeffries G.P. Smith D.R. Crosley 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2003,76(6):715-715
/ Published online: 11 June 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Present address: Lam Research Corporation, Fremont, CA 94538, USA
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
RID="***"
ID="***"Present address: Mechanical Engineering Dept., Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA
RID="****"
ID="****"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-650/859-6196, E-mail: smith@mplvax.sri.com 相似文献
2.
A versatile CO laser-based photoacoustic spectrometer is presented equipped with three photoacoustic cells placed inside the
laser cavity. The newly designed CO laser can operate both in the Δv=1 and the Δv=2 modes (5.1–8.0 μm and 2.8–4.1 μm) on 400
laser lines. Improved laser operation originating from a better cooling of the gas discharge was evidenced by a shift of the
laser output power to lower J-values. Due to the wide emission range of the source, many molecules of biological and atmospheric
interest, including methane and ethane, can be detected with sensitivities typically at the (sub)ppb level. Measurement of
the respiration of a cockroach showed that the spectrometer is not only sensitive, but also has a good time response (8 s
at a flow rate of 10 l/h).
Received: 3 April 2002 / Revised version: 14 June 2002 / Published online: 21 August 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Current address: Soegijapranata Catholic University, Department of Food Technology, Jalan Pawiyatan Luhur IV/1 Bendan
Duwur, P.O. Box 8033/SM, Semarang 50234, Indonesia
RID="**"
ID="**"Current address: Sanata Dharma University, FMIPA, Kampus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman, Tromol Pos 29, Yogyakarta
55002, Indonesia
RID="***"
ID="***"Corresponding author. Fax: +31-24/365-3311, E-mail: fransh@ sci.kun.nl 相似文献
3.
J. Luque R.J.H. Klein-Douwel J.B. Jeffries G.P. Smith D.R. Crosley 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2002,75(6-7):779-790
Absolute number densities of the CH radical were determined in a partially premixed methane/air flame (equivalence ratio was
1.36) at atmospheric pressure by exciting a predissociating level via the CH B–X(1,0) transition using a quasi-linear laser-induced
fluorescence scheme. The peak number density was (1.0±0.4)×1013 cm-3 or 2.4±1 ppm at 1900 K, with a flame-front width of 250 μm (FWHM). Rotational energy transfer must be considered for correct
laser-induced fluorescence signal interpretation. Competition between optical pumping and rotational relaxation in both excited
and ground states produces a signal that varies almost linearly with laser pulse energy even for large pumping rates. For
these conditions, the population of the initial ground-state rotational level is depleted by optical pumping, and rotational
energy transfer collisions rapidly repopulate the level during the laser pulse. Deviations from linear behavior are less than
20%. The effects of spatial resolution and polarization of the fluorescence on the absolute measurements are also discussed.
Received: 27 March 2002 / Revised version: 22 August 2002 / Published online: 15 November 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Present address: Lam Research Corporation, Fremont, CA 94538, USA
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
RID="***"
ID="***"Present address: Mechanical Engineering Dept., Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA
RID="****"
ID="****"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-650/859-6196, E-mail: smith@mplvax.sri.com 相似文献
4.
T.J. Kulp S.E. Bisson R.P. Bambha T.A. Reichardt U.-B. Goers K.W. Aniolek D.A.V. Kliner B.A. Richman K.M. Armstrong R. Sommers R. Schmitt P.E. Powers O. Levi T. Pinguet M. Fejer J.P. Koplow L. Goldberg T.G. McRae 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2002,75(2-3):317-327
Quasi-phase-matched (QPM) materials allow the generation of spectroscopically useful infrared radiation in an efficient and
broadly tunable format. Here, we describe several applications of QPM-based light sources to remote and local chemical sensing.
The remote systems are gas imagers that employ a fiber-pumped continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator or a microlaser-pumped,
diode-seeded optical parametric amplifier as the illumination source. Technology described for local sensing includes a cavity
ring down spectrometer that employs a novel optical parametric generator–amplifier to achieve ≥350 cm-1 of contiguous tuning and a long-wave infrared light source based on QPM GaAs. In each case the use of QPM materials in conjunction
with effective pump sources instills simplicity and ruggedness into the sensing systems.
Received: 15 April 2002 / Revised version: 6 June 2002 / Published online: 12 September 2002
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ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-925/294-2595, E-mail: tjkulp@sandia.gov
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Corning Inc., Corning, NY 14831, USA
RID="*"
ID="*"Present address: Corning Inc., Corning, NY 14831, USA
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Blue Leaf Networks, Sunnyvale, CA 94086, USA
RID="***"
ID="***"Present address: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA 相似文献
5.
A. Borowiec M. MacKenzie G.C. Weatherly H.K. Haugen 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(2):201-207
The final state of the material resulting from laser irradiation of silicon using 130 fs pulses at 790 nm was studied using
a number of techniques including scanning and transmission electron microscopies, as well as atomic force microscopy. Structural
details and the level of damage to the nearby solid following irradiation were characterized and are discussed in the context
of recent dynamical studies.
Received: 28 September 2001 / Accepted: 3 March 2002 / Published online: 19 July 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
RID="**"
ID="**"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-905/521-2773, E-mail: borowia@mcmaster.ca
RID="***"
ID="***"Present address: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
RID="****"
ID="****"Department of Materials Science and the CEMD, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
RID="*****"
ID="*****"Departments of Engineering Physics, and Physics and Astronomy, and the CEMD, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,
L8S 4M1, Canada 相似文献
6.
C. Keyser G. Schriever M. Richardson E. Turcu 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,77(2):217-221
The water droplet laser plasma source has been shown to have many attractive features as a continuous, almost debris-free
source for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray applications. Through a dual experimental and theoretical study, we analyze
the interaction physics between the laser light and the target. The hydrodynamic laser plasma simulation code, Medusa103 is
used to model the electron density distribution for comparison to electron density distributions obtained through Abel inversion
of plasma interferograms. In addition, flat field EUV spectra are compared to synthetic spectra calculated with the atomic
physics code RATION.
Received: 31 October 2002 / Accepted: 8 February 2003 / Published online: 28 May 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Present address: Naval Reseach Laboratory, Washington D.C.
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Xtreme Technologies, G?ttingen, Germany.
RID="***"
ID="***"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-407/823-3570, E-mail: mrichard@mail.ucf.edu 相似文献
7.
A.J.S. McGonigle A.J. Andrews G.P. Hogan D.W. Coutts C.E. Webb 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2003,76(3):307-311
A 10-kHz pulse-repetition-frequency dye-laser master-oscillator power amplifier, end-pumped by a copper vapour laser (CVL),
is reported. This laser was based on recently available, lightweight and compact CVL and dye laser components. Dye laser tunability
was achieved from 592 to 622 nm and, when the oscillator was etalon line-narrowed, up to 1.5 W of single-etalon-mode output
was obtained from the amplifier at the 608-nm peak tuning wavelength. By frequency doubling this amplified output in a BBO
crystal we obtained up to 225 mW of 5-GHz 308-nm output, which is suitable for the performance of tropospheric hydroxyl radical
concentration measurements.
Received: 16 July 2002 / Revised version: 6 November 2002 / Published online: 5 February 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Present address: Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, UK
RID="**"
ID="**"Corresponding author. Fax: +44-1865/272400, E-mail: d.coutts1@physics.ox.ac.uk 相似文献
8.
Sub-nanosecond microchip laser with intracavity Raman conversion 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A.A. Demidovich P.A. Apanasevich L.E. Batay A.S. Grabtchikov A.N. Kuzmin V.A. Lisinetskii V.A. Orlovich O.V. Kuzmin V.L. Hait W. Kiefer M.B. Danailov 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2003,76(5):509-514
Efficient sub-nanosecond pulse operation of microchip lasers with intracavity Raman conversion and pulse compression is presented
for the first time. The microchip lasers were composed of Nd:LSB or Nd:YAG laser crystals, Cr4+:YAG saturable absorber, and Ba(NO3)2 Raman medium. The pulse duration obtained at the Stokes wavelength (1196 nm) was as short as 118 ps. Optical conversion efficiency
of laser-diode pump power to the Stokes power of 8% was reached. Pulse energy and peak power of Stokes emission were 1.2 μJ
and 5.4 kW, correspondingly. Numerical calculations are in good agreement with obtained experimental results.
Received: 20 December 2002 / Revised version: 6 March 2003 / Published online: 5 May 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-716/645-6945, E-mail: ankuzmin@acsu.buffalo.edu
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: University at Buffalo, SUNY, The Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, 458 NSC, Buffalo,
NY 14 260-3000, USA 相似文献
9.
F. Finster N. Kamran J. Smoller S.-T. Yau 《Communications in Mathematical Physics》2002,230(2):201-244
The Cauchy problem is considered for the massive Dirac equation in the non-extreme Kerr–Newman geometry, for smooth initial
data with compact support outside the event horizon and bounded angular momentum. We prove that the Dirac wave function decays
in at least at the rate t
−5/6. For generic initial data, this rate of decay is sharp. We derive a formula for the probability p that the Dirac particle escapes to infinity. For various conditions on the initial data, we show that p = 0, 1 or 0 < p < 1. The proofs are based on a refined analysis of the Dirac propagator constructed in [4].
Received: 20 August 2001 / Accepted: 22 January 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Present address: NWF I – Mathematik, Universit?t Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.?E-mail: felix.finster@mathematik.uni-regensburg.de
RID="**"
ID="**"Research supported by NSERC grant # RGPIN 105490-1998.
RID="***"
ID="***"Research supported in part by the NSF, Grant No. DMS-0103998.
RID="****"
ID="****"Research supported in part by the NSF, Grant No. 33-585-7510-2-30. 相似文献
10.
V. Shutthanandan J. Zhang P. Ray 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(7):1093-1097
Silver, copper, and boron (from a boron nitride target) were sputtered with xenon ions. The isotopic composition of secondary
ions of silver was measured at ion energies ranging from 300 eV to 3 keV and, for copper and boron, at 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 keV.
An ion gun was used to generate the ion beam. The secondary ions were detected at a small emission angle by a quadrupole mass
spectrometer. The secondary-ion flux of silver was found to be enriched in heavy isotopes at lower incident-ion energies.
The heavy-isotope enrichment was observed to decrease with increasing primary-ion energy. Beyond 500 eV, light isotopes of
silver were sputtered preferentially with the enrichment increasing to a constant value of 1.018. The sputtered flux of copper
and boron also indicated constant enrichments (1.008 and 1.281 for copper and boron respectively) in light isotopes at high
ion energies.
Received: 2 August 2002 / Accepted 9 August 2002: / Published online: 4 December 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Present address: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99 352, USA
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Philips Display Components Company, Ottawa, OH 45 875 USA
RID="***"
ID="***"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-334/727-8090, E-mail: pkray@tusk.edu 相似文献
11.
G. Stobrawa M. Hacker R. Netz M. Bischoff R. Sauerbrey 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2003,76(3):333-336
We present a novel method for measuring the linear and nonlinear dispersion properties of conventional and micro-structured
fibers. It is based on the automated compensation of phase modulations using a high-resolution pulse-shaping device. No tunable
laser source is required.
Received: 20 December 2002 / Published online: 19 March 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +49-3641/947202, E-mail: stobrawa@ioq.uni-jena.de
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, G?schwitzer Strasse 51–52, 07745 Jena, Germany 相似文献
12.
The use of mid-infrared polarization spectroscopy (PS) for the detection of CO2 has been demonstrated. The P(13) and P(14) resonances of the (0 00 0)→(1 00 1) transition of CO2 were probed using a single-mode optical parametric generator system to produce a high-intensity laser beam at approximately
2.7 μm. The experiments were performed in an atmospheric pressure CO2 jet and also in a sub-atmospheric pressure gas cell. The experimental results were compared with the results of the time-dependent
density-matrix equations using direct numerical integration. The Zeeman-state structure of the upper and lower energy levels
was included in the multi-state formulation of the density-matrix equations. Fifty-eight Zeeman states and two bath levels
were included in the numerical analysis of the P(14) transition. The measured and calculated PS line shapes were in good agreement,
and the absolute experimental signal level agreed with the theoretical calculation to within a factor of five.
Received: 20 March 2002 / Revised version: 16 August 2002 / Published online: 11 December 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Present address: Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., 2766 Indian Ripple Road, Dayton, OH 45 440, USA
RID="**"
ID="**"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-765/494-0539, E-mail: Lucht@purdue.edu
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ID="***"Present address: School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN 47807-2040 USA 相似文献
13.
Ch. Schwedes E. Peik J. von Zanthier A.Y. Nevsky H. Walther 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2003,76(2):143-147
A compact, tunable and narrow-bandwidth laser source for blue and ultraviolet radiation is presented. A grating-stabilized
diode laser at 922 nm is frequency-stabilized to below 100 Hz relative to a reference resonator. Injection of the diode-laser
light into a tapered amplifier yields a power of 0.5 W. In a first frequency-doubling stage, more than 200 mW of blue light
at 461 nm is generated by use of a periodically poled KTP crystal. Subsequent second-harmonic generation employing a BBO crystal
leads to about 1 mW of ultraviolet light at 231 nm.
Received: 12 August 2002 / Published online: 15 January 2003
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ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +49-89/32905-200, E-mail: christian.schwedes@mpq.mpg.de
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: PTB, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany 相似文献
14.
A. Di Lieto P. Minguzzi A. Pirastu S. Sanguinetti V. Magni 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2002,75(4-5):463-466
A Nd:YVO4 laser, end-pumped by a fiber-coupled diode-laser array, generates 7.3 W of output power at 1342 nm, the highest so far reported
for this host crystal. The slope efficiency is 40% and the output-beam divergence is close to the diffraction limit. An important
point in attaining such results is the choice of crystals with low Nd concentration.
Received: 16 July 2002 / Published online: 25 October 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +39-050/844333, E-mail: dilieto@df.unipi.it
RID="**"
ID="**"Permanent address: Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa, Italy 相似文献
15.
A high-sensitivity in situ optical diagnostic technique for laser cleaning of transparent substrates
N. Chaoui J. Solis C.N. Afonso T. Fourrier T. Muehlberger G. Schrems M. Mosbacher D. Bäuerle M. Bertsch P. Leiderer 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(5):767-771
A differential optical transmission technique has been used to monitor in situ the efficiency of laser cleaning for the removal
of sub-micrometer-sized particles on substrates transparent at the monitoring wavelength. This technique has been applied
to the removal of sub-micrometer polystyrene particles on polyimide substrates using laser pulses of 30 ps duration at 292 nm
while probing the material transmission at 633 nm. The sensitivity achieved -1/104 for the transmission changes induced upon single-pulse laser exposure – allows us to monitor the removal of just a few sub-micron-sized
particles from the probed region inside the irradiated area.
Received: 2 October 2002 / Accepted: 7 October 2002 / Published online: 29 January 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +33-3/87844082, E-mail: nchaoui@iut.univ-metz.fr
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Laboratoire de Chimie et Applications, Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Metz, Département
Chimie, Rue Victor Demange, 57500 Saint-Avold, France 相似文献
16.
A.V. Hamza M.W. Newman P.A. Thielen H.W.H. Lee T. Schenkel J.W. McDonald D.H. Schneider 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(3):313-317
The intense, ultra-fast electronic excitation of clean silicon (100)–(2×1) surfaces leads to the formation of silicon nanostructures
embedded in silicon, which photoluminesce in the yellow-green (∼2-eV band gap). The silicon surfaces were irradiated with
slow, highly charged ions (e.g. Xe44+ and Au53+) to produce the ultra-fast electronic excitation. The observation of excitonic features in the luminescence from these nanostructures
has recently been reported. In this paper we report the dispersion of the excitonic features with laser excitation energy.
A phonon-scattering process is proposed to explain the observed dispersion.
Received: 2 October 2001 / Accepted: 18 July 2002 / Published online: 25 October 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-925/423-7040, E-mail: Hamza1@llnl.gov
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94 720, USA 相似文献
17.
We have developed a novel interferometric autocorrelator composed of only reflective elements, which functions as a beam splitter
and an optical delay line. Analytical expressions are derived to give second-order autocorrelation functions and deconvolution
factors for various conditions. The measurement of femtosecond laser pulses by interferometric autocorrelation is demonstrated
in the visible region. The results are compared with those by calculation.
Received: 9 December 2002
Revised version: 18 February 2003 / Published online: 5 May 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Present address: Department of Physics, Tokai University, 1117 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1207, Japan
RID="**"
ID="**"Corresponding author. Fax: +81-48/462-4682, E-mail: asuda@postman.riken.go.jp 相似文献
18.
From laser-induced line narrowing to electro- magnetically induced transparency: closed system analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The laser-induced line-narrowing effect, discovered more than thirty years ago, can also be applied to recent studies in high
resolution spectroscopy based on electromagnetically induced transparency. In this paper we first present a general form of
the transmission width of electromagnetically induced transparency in a homogeneously broadened medium. We then analyze a
Doppler broadened medium by using a lorentzian function as the atomic velocity distribution. The dependence of the transmission
linewidth on the driving field intensity is discussed and compared to the laser-induced line-narrowing effect. This dependence
can be characterized by a parameter which can be regarded as “the degree of optical pumping.”
Received: 17 December 2001 / Published online: 15 January 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. E-mail: hwang.Lee@jpl.nasa.gov
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, MS 126-347, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA 相似文献
19.
James Isenberg Rafe Mazzeo Daniel Pollack 《Communications in Mathematical Physics》2002,231(3):529-568
We establish a general gluing theorem for constant mean curvature solutions of the vacuum Einstein constraint equations.
This allows one to take connected sums of solutions or to glue a handle (wormhole) onto any given solution. Away from this
handle region, the initial data sets we produce can be made as close as desired to the original initial data sets. These constructions
can be made either when the initial manifold is compact or asymptotically Euclidean or asymptotically hyperbolic, with suitable
corresponding conditions on the extrinsic curvature. In the compact setting a mild nondegeneracy condition is required. In
the final section of the paper, we list a number ways this construction may be used to produce new types of vacuum spacetimes.
Received: 4 October 2001 / Accepted: 26 July 2002 Published online: 29 October 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" Supported by the NSF under Grant PHY-0099373
RID="**"
ID="**" Supported by the NSF under Grant DMS-9971975 and at MSRI by NSF grant DMS-9701755
RID="***"
ID="***" Supported by the NSF under Grant DMS-9704515 相似文献
20.
G. Appel H. Ade A.G. Guerek S. Stadler R.P. Mikalo D. Schmeisser 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(2):177-182
Layers of dihydroxy silicon phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid and oligo-μ-oxo silicon phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid were
prepared by solution-casting methods. The purity of the material was checked by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The orientation
of the molecules in respect to the substrate plane was investigated by angle-dependent near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure
spectroscopy. The morphology was characterized by atomic force microscopy. Most samples exhibited a significant orientation
that was accompanied by crystalline structures; others had no orientation at all with a dominant amorphous morphology. This
behavior indicates that several preparation parameters affect the crystallinity and the orientation of the phthalocyanines.
Received: 16 January 2002 / Accepted: 11 February 2002 / Published online: 3 May 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-919/515-7331, E-mail: harald_ade@ncsu.edu
RID="**"
ID="**"Present address: Southern Illinois University, Physics, Mailcode 4401, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA 相似文献