Comparisons between LIBS and ICP/OES

In the framework of the development of new techniques, the ability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to analyse remotely complex aqueous solutions was investigated. The jet configuration with a collimated gas stream was chosen because it appeared to be the most promising method for the LIBS probe, particularly in terms of sensitivity and repeatability. For emission collection, the echelle spectrometer offers a simultaneously recorded wavelength range from the UV to the near IR and is interesting for multielemental analysis for LIBS and also for inductively coupled plasma (ICP) optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The importance of parameters influencing the quantitative results of LIBS such as multispecies analysis, sheath gas, use of an internal standard and temporal parameters for analysis is described. LIBS quantitative data have been directly compared with results from the more standard ICP/OES technique.     

Multielement analysis of aluminium by NAA and ICP/AES

The results of neutron activation analysis (NAA) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP/AES) are compared for aluminium samples in the purity range from 99.7 to 99.998%. The advantages of each method towards the determination of 25 elements is discussed.     

Monocrystalline Quartz ICP Etching: Road to High-Temperature Dry Etching

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - In this study, the dry plasma-chemical etching process of monocrystalline SiO2 (quartz) in a fluoride-based (sulfur hexafluoride, SF6) inductively coupled...     

应用单道扫描式ICP光谱仪分析微体积试样

采用脉冲进样法,研究了应用单道扫描式ICP光谱仪分析微体积试样的方法。在优化实验条件下,精密度接近连续喷雾水平,而分析灵敏度提高近6倍,绝对检出限也明显优于连续进样法。通过测定生物试样中的钇,两种进样法所得回收率分别为98%和102%。为应用单道扫描式ICP光谱仪测定微体积试样中的单个元素提供了一个新途径。     

Determination of chromium in liquid fertilizers by ICP/OES using spectra accumulation

Summary Spectrum accumulation was used for the determination of small quantities of chromium near the detection limit in liquid fertilizers using a sequential ICP spectrometer. The results were compared with those obtained by the commonly used technique based on peak height measurement for the emission spectral line Cr 267.716 nm in the concentration range 2–100 ng/g. Spectrum accumulation with 5 accumulations yields about two times more precise results compared with the classical technique with 5 replications.     

Thomson scattering from an ICP

Fundamental parameters related to laser light scattering by electrons in the ICP are explained and calculated. The theory concerning how electrons in the plasma scatter incident laser light and how the scattered-light spectra are related to electron-density fluctuations is briefly described. Special problems and detailed experimental considerations for Thomson scattering from an ICP are discussed.     

提高ICP-MS质谱仪的性能

针对电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ＳＯＬＡＩＣＰ－ＭＳ）在实际应用中存在的一些具体问题进行了改进，使之在大气气溶胶化学和黄土地球化学领域里发挥更有效的作用，从而提高了ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ的利用率并降低了测试成本。     

Some considerations on S/N from the FFT amplitude-frequency spectrum of an ICP source

The noise properties of a commercial inductively coupled plasma (ICP) are investigated for a subsequent tentative improvement of the S/N ratio in analytical measurements. A Fast Fourier Transform spectrum analyser with frequency range from 20 mHz to 25 KHz and resolution up to 20 mHz is directly coupled with the photomultipliers of an ICP system. The obtained amplitude-frequency spectra are finally plotted on an X-Y recorder. Solutions of Ba, Li, Zn, U are tested and a remarkable excess low frequency noise turns out to be present in all cases.     

蒸发/氧化法预处理-ICP/AES方法测定油品中的金属元素含量

原油及重油中金属元素含量的分析对于炼油工艺具有非常重要的意义。目前,国内外常用的金属含量的分析方法有等离子体发射光谱法(ICP/AES)和原子吸收光谱(AAS)法,特别是ICP/AES方法,由于可实现多种元素的同时测定,且分析速度快、灵敏度高,故应用最为广泛。无论选用哪种方法,测定     

Trace Metals Determination by Wet Ashing ICP/MS in Saudi Arabian Crude Oils

Abstract

The effect of metallic traces present in crude oils has raised a major concern to develop aquantitative analytical method. A Wet-Ashing procedure has been used for sample pretreatment to determine Al, Cd, Fe, K, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn and V in five (5) Saudi Arabian crude oil samples as multi-elements by Sciex elan ICP/MS. The relative standard deviation was found not more than 3% for five replicate samples.     

Updating a vintage ICP atomic-emission spectrometer

The analytical research laboratory at Exxon Research and Engineering Company in Baytown, Texas acquired one of the first inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) systems in the petroleum industry in early 1976. During the next ten years, extensive hardware and software improvements were made to increase flexibility and maintain state-of-the-art performance. In 1987 the purchase of a new ICP-AES was considered but postponed in favor of renovation/modernization of the vintage instrument. A factor in the decision was a reorganization of the laboratory that year, which significantly altered its analytical needs. This paper details the construction of a combination simultaneous/sequential ICP-AES system, using as a foundation the 13-year old polychromator. The new system is meeting the needs of the new analytical laboratory, chartered to provide analytical problem-solving services for the Exxon Baytown Refinery/Chemical Plant complex and affiiliates throughout the Exxon circuit.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱中进样技术的新进展

评述了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱中的进样技术的新近进展，引用近期文献１１８篇。     

骨中铊的微波消解ICP/AES标准加入测定法

建立骨骼的微波消解和金属毒物铊的ICP/AES标准加入分析方法。取0.2g骨粉于聚四氟乙烯消解管中,加入3.0mL浓硝酸及0.5mL双氧水,进行微波消解。结束后,用2%硝酸定容至10.0mL。根据标准加入法进行ICP-AES定量分析。方法的回收率为99.4%,检出限为5.1ng/g,线性范围为5~500 ng/mL。该方法操作简便,回收率高,检出限低,线性范围宽,可多元素同时测定,结果可靠。     

A steady-state approach to evaluation of proposed excitation mechanisms in the analytical ICP

A method is described for the evaluation of proposed analyte ionization and excitation mechanisms in the analytical ICP. In the method, a steady-state kinetic expression is derived for each proposed mechanism; the resulting expression predicts a linear relationship between analyte emission and the concentrations or concentration products of species important in the excitation and deactivation processes. The application of this approach to Ca ionization and excitation is described for the region 15 mm above the load coil and 0–5 mm from the center of the plasma. Importantly, the concentration of ground-state Ca seems not to be important in the production of either excited Ca atoms or ions. Rather, Ca atom excitation appears to occur by means of three-body or radiative Ca⁺-electron recombination. In contrast, Ca⁺ seems to be excited directly by electron impact. Among the mechanisms evaluated here, depopulation of excited-state calcium species by collisional deactivation appears to be less significant than radiative decay to the ground state.     

二硫代氨基甲酸盐—纤维微柱富集多种痕量元素及ICP—AES测定

本文制备了二硫代氨基甲酸盐纤维微柱，同时富集了八种痕量元素，并分离了基体中的高盐组分。应用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定，本方法富集倍数接近２００倍，用标准参比样品对照分析，得到了较满意的结果。     

A Novel ICP Torch with Conical Geometry

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - This paper presents the development of a novel radio-frequency inductively coupled plasma (RF-ICP) torch. Computer simulations and experiments were employed...     

Rotational temperatures and LTE in argon ICP

Rotational temperatures deduced from OH molecular spectra have been studied in an analytical argon inductively coupled plasma for various operating conditions. The Boltzmann plots are often curved and temperatures are very different from those deduced from atomic Boltzmann plots or from other molecular species like N₂. Generally non-equilibrium is deduced from these observations. But thermal stability of OH and local gradient in the droplet surroundings can to a great part explain these phenomena. Complex simulations seem useful for a satisfactory explanation.Presented in part at the 1989 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Reutte, Austria