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溶胶-凝胶技术在光学制造中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
溶胶-凝胶技术是一种超结构材料处理技术,与浇铸工艺相结合形成了一种全新的光学制造技术。本文简要回顾和比较了基于溶胶-凝胶处理技术制造SiO2单片光学元件和玻璃的多种处理方法,重点描述在常压下用水解硅醇盐方法制造SiO2单片凝胶七个处理步骤的化学、物理过程。概述了这种方法的特点和制得光学元件的特性,列举和讨论其在制造折射、衍射、微型光学元件和复合系统中的应用及前景。 相似文献
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《中国光学》2021,(5)
深紫外光刻、极紫外光刻和先进光源等现代光学工程需求牵引先进光学制造技术持续发展,要求超光滑光学元件表面粗糙度达到原子级水平以及表面全频段面形误差达到RMS(Root Mean Square)亚纳米量级甚至几十皮米,推动超光滑光学元件制造要求不断逼近物理极限。目前,对于如何实现上述超高精度要求的超光滑加工技术及装备仍然存在技术挑战。尤其对如何实现柱面,椭球面,超环面等复杂曲面的原子量级超光滑加工仍是国内外前沿研究方向。弹性发射加工技术是一种去除函数稳定,超低亚表面缺陷,面向原子级的超光滑加工方法,可以作为加工上述精度要求光学元件的手段。本文总结了弹性发射加工技术的国内外研究现状及最新进展,归纳了弹性发射加工技术的原理,包含流体特性、抛光颗粒运动特性和化学特性,弹性发射加工装备,影响弹性发射加工技术表面粗糙度提升和材料去除效率的因素,分析了弹性发射加工技术面临的问题,展望了未来的发展方向,期望为弹性发射加工技术进一步发展和应用提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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<正>复旦大学光学学科历经60余年的发展,自20世纪50年代研制成功我国第一台医用X光管,到如今各类先进光谱仪器和国防应用特种设备的开发,在激光与光谱技术的应用领域取得了许多重要的成果。近年来,在先进光谱学分析测试技术、超短超强激光检测技术、超精密光学制造与检测等研究领域也取得了许多引人注目的进展。 相似文献
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集成光学是六十年代末期,在集成电子学和激光技术的基础上发展起来的一门新兴学科,是一门与光学、电子学和固体物理有关的交叉学科.集成光学主要是研究有关集成光路的理论、制造和应用.集成光路就是采用类似半导体集成电路那样的技术把一些光学元件(如激光器、光波导、耦合器、 相似文献
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Mário J. de Oliveira 《Brazilian Journal of Physics》2018,48(3):299-313
The elementary concepts and fundamental laws concerning the science of heat are examined from the point of view of its development with special attention to its theoretical structure. The development is divided into four periods, each one characterized by the concept that was attributed to heat. The transition from one to the next period was marked by the emergence of new concepts and new laws, and by singular events. We point out that thermodynamics, as it emerged, is founded on the elementary concepts of temperature and adiabatic wall, and on the fundamental laws: Mayer-Joule principle, or law of conservation of energy; Carnot principle, which leads to the definition of entropy; and the Clausius principle, or law of increase in entropy. 相似文献
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N. N. Romanova O. G. Chkhetiani I. G. Yakushkin 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》2016,122(5):902-914
The problem of the development of shear instability in a three-layer medium simulating the flow of a stratified incompressible fluid is considered. The hydrodynamic equations are solved by expanding the Hamiltonian in a small parameter. The equations for three interacting waves, one of which is unstable, have been derived and solved numerically. The three-wave interaction is shown to stabilize the instability. Various regimes of the system’s dynamics, including the stochastic ones dependent on one of the invariants in the problem, can arise in this case. It is pointed out that the instability development scenario considered differs from the previously considered scenario of a different type, where the three-wave interaction does not stabilize the instability. The interaction of wave packets is considered briefly. 相似文献
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短信息服务(Short Message Service, SMS)广泛被应用于移动设备间收发文本信息,具有低成本、使用方便、网络覆盖广和可靠性高等诸多优点,在工业设备远程监控领域具有广阔的应用空间。数据监控系统通常针对某一个或者一类设备而设计,其通用性和可移植性通常较差,对一般用户而言,开发门槛和成本较高。文中讲述了采用VC6.0和Access数据库实现基于SMS的通用型远程数据记录和实时监控系统,通过恰当的数据结构设计和模块化编程,屏蔽了硬件差别,大大降低了用户的开发成本和开发难度,快速实现手持设备对一般工业设备的实时数据监控。 相似文献
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The development of electronics devices based on organic
materials presents one of the most exciting challenges in XXI science.
Already products based on organic thin films are in the market place,
however the initial work in development of molecular-scale electronics
has been done. The purpose of this review is to provide a general
information about electronics devices incorporating organic materials
and organic molecules acting as simple electronics devices. 相似文献
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