首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Beer corresponds to a fermented alcoholic beverage composed of several components, including purine compounds. These molecules, when ingested by humans, can be catabolized into uric acid, contributing to uric acid’s level increase in serum, which may lead to hyperuricemia and gout. To assure a proper management of this disease, physicians recommend restrictive dietary measures, particularly by avoiding the consumption of beer. Therefore, it is of relevance to develop efficient methods to remove purine compounds from alcoholic beverages such as beer. In this review, we provide an introduction on fermented alcoholic beverages, with emphasis on beer, as well as its purine compounds and their role in uric acid metabolism in the human body in relation to hyperuricemia and gout development. The several reported enzymatic, biological and adsorption methods envisaging purine compounds’ removal are then reviewed. Some enzymatic and biological methods present drawbacks, which can be overcome by adsorption methods. Within adsorption methods, adsorbent materials, such as activated carbon or charcoal, have been reported and applied to beer or wort samples, showing an excellent capacity for adsorbing and removing purine compounds. Although the main topic of this review is on the removal of purine compounds from beer, other studies involving other matrices rather than beer or wort that are rich in purines are included, since they provide relevant clues on designing efficient removal processes. By ensuring the selective removal of purine compounds from this beverage, beer can be taken by hyperuricemic and gouty patients, avoiding restrictive dietary measures, while decreasing the related healthcare economic burden.  相似文献   

2.
We present an ultra high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet spectroscopy and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of ten purines (adenine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, deoxyadenosine, adenosine, inosine, guanosine, xanthosine, and uric acid) and creatinine in human urine. After chromatographic separation on an ACE Excel 2 AQ column, high abundant creatinine and uric acid and the other low abundant purines were sequentially detected by ultraviolet and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry within a single run. Method validations including specificity (improved by accurate mass measurement), linearity (correlation coefficients ≥0.9944), limit of quantification (0.002–9.756 µg/mL), intra‐ and interday precision (relative standard deviations ≤9.1 and 14.0%, respectively), accuracy (relative errors ≤13.1%), extraction recovery (between 90.3 and 109.6%), matrix effect (between 85.3 and 110.5%), and stability (relative errors ≤14.3%) were fully evaluated. This approach was applied to characterize the disordered purine metabolism in acute and chronic gout as an example. Quantitative results (normalized by creatinine) showed that an overproduction of urinary purine precursors might be involved in the gout process. The developed method represents a useful tool to investigate the purine disturbances in gout and other relevant diseases.  相似文献   

3.
We describe an optimization approach to determine simultaneously occurring chelating agents (glycine, malonic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, DL‐malic acid, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) in an electroplating effluent using high‐performance liquid chromatography. With chromatography signal area and overall resolution considered as responses, detection conditions were optimized via multiple functions combined with response surface methodology and Plackett–Burman design. Optimized detection conditions were as follows: 15 mmol/L ammonium phosphate buffer (pH 2.5), a 94:6 v/v ratio of ammonium phosphate buffer/acetonitrile, a column temperature of 23.3°C, and a mobile phase flow rate of 1 mL/min. The experimental values conformed to the predicted values and were repeatable (relative standard deviation < 6.4%) and linear (r> 0.991) over concentration ranges of 1–100 µmol/L. Moreover, the quantification limit (signal‐to‐noise ratio = 10) and the detection limit (signal‐to‐noise ratio = 3) ranged from 0.03 to 0.15 µmol/L and from 0.01 to 0.04 µmol/L, respectively. These results indicate that high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with statistical design may be a simple and rapid method for simultaneously determining multiple chelating agents in electroplating wastewater effectively.  相似文献   

4.
The purine metabolic pathway has been implicated in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is widely used to determine purines and metabolites. However, methods for analysis of multiple purines in a single analysis have not been standardized, especially in brain tissue. We report the development and validation of a reversed‐phase HPLC method combining electrochemical and UV detection after a short gradient run to measure seven purine metabolites (adenosine, guanosine, inosine, guanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine and urate) from the entire purine metabolic pathway. The limit of detection (LoD) for each analyte was determined. The LoD using UV absorption was 0.001 mg/dL for hypoxanthine (Hyp), inosine (Ino), guanosine (Guo) and adenosine (Ado), and those using coulometric electrodes were 0.001 mg/dL for guanine (Gua), 0.0001 mg/dL for urate (UA) and 0.0005 mg/dL for xanthine (Xan). The intra‐ and inter‐day coefficient of variance was generally <8%. Using this method, we determined basal levels of these metabolites in mouse brain and serum, as well as in post‐mortem human brain. Peak identities were confirmed by enzyme degradation. Spike recovery was performed to assess accuracy. All recoveries fell within 80–120%. Our HPLC method provides a sensitive, rapid, reproducible and low‐cost method for determining multiple purine metabolites in a single analysis in serum and brain specimens. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

5.
A sensitive, specific and efficient high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous determination of vinorelbine and its metabolite 4‐O‐deacetylvinorelbine in human and mouse plasma is presented. Heated electrospray ionization was applied followed by tandem mass spectrometry. A 50 µL plasma aliquot was protein precipitated with acetonitrile–methanol (1:1, v/v) containing the internal standard vinorelbine‐d3 and 20 µL volumes were injected onto the HPLC system. Separation was achieved on a 50 × 2.1 mm i.d. Xbridge C18 column using isocratic elution with 1 mm ammonium acetate–ammonia buffer pH 10.5–acetonitrile–methanol (28:12:60, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The HPLC run time was 5 min. The assay quantifies both vinorelbine and 4‐O‐deacetylvinorelbine from 0.1 to 100 ng/mL using sample volumes of only 50 µL. Mouse plasma samples can be quantified using calibration curves prepared in human plasma. Validation results demonstrate that vinorelbine and 4‐O‐deacetylvinorelbine can be accurately and precisely quantified in human and mouse plasma with the presented method. The assay is now in use to support (pre‐)clinical pharmacologic studies with vinorelbine in humans and mice. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

6.
《中国化学》2017,35(7):1117-1124
Gout is a disease of purine metabolic disorders which results from long‐term hyperuricemia and the sodium urate deposition in and around the joints. Selaginella tamariscina (ST ) is an important traditional Chinese herbal medicine and is used for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. In this study, the rat model of acute gout with hyperuricemia was established by intraperitoneal injection of xanthine and oxonic acid potassium salt and articular injection monosodium urate (MSU ). The effect of ST in the treatment of gout was investigated by measuring joint swelling, the expression of IL ‐1β in serum and histological changes of joint by haematoxylin eosin (H&E) staining. Subsequently, urine metabolomics analysis for biomarkers discovery in acute gout with hyperuricemia rats was performed by the ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization quadruple time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF /MS ) combined with chemometric approach. Principal component analysis (PCA ) and orthogonal partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA ) were used to detect potential biomarkers. A total of 18 potential biomarkers were identified mainly including tryptophan metabolism; tyrosine metabolism; lysine methylation; pyrimidine metabolism; purine metabolism; TCA cycle and fatty acid metabolisms. This study indicates that ST could efficiently ameliorate the disease of acute gout with hyperuricemia in rats. The related metabolic biomarkers could provide useful information and the metabolic mechanism could be used for further study about the model of acute gout with hyperuricemia in rats.  相似文献   

7.
A method for tryptophan analysis in bee pollen and royal jelly was developed using HPLC with fluorescence detection. To determine the free tryptophan in bee pollen and royal jelly, ultrasonic extraction was performed using water (pH 6.3)–acetonitrile (10:1, v/v) as extraction solvent. While determining the total tryptophan in these bee products, the method involves alkaline hydrolysis of the proteins with 4 mol/L sodium hydroxide at 110°C for 20 h under anaerobic conditions. The operating conditions for the HPLC analysis were: Symmetry C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 µm), 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid–methanol (75:25, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 30°C. The fluorescence detector was operated at an excitation wavelength of 280 nm and an emission wavelength of 340 nm. A linear response (r> 0.9998) was obtained in the range 0.0625–5.0 µg/mL. The method was successfully applied to the determination of the free and total tryptophan contents in bee pollens, which were 0.069 ± 0.003 and 2.693 ± 0.476 mg/g, respectively, while only the total tryptophan was detected in royal jelly, with a content of 1.743 ± 0.066 mg/g. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

8.
The presence of pesticides in food items and beverages is a big threat to humankind, and their quantitative estimation with high precision and accuracy is always a challenge for analytical chemists. Hence, a simple and rapid method is proposed for the simultaneous determination of 30 pesticides in beverages (alcoholic and non‐alcoholic drinks). The proposed method hyphenated with triple quadrupole liquid chromatography mass spectrometry has only 2 min chromatographic runtime for the analysis of all the pesticides. All the factors affecting the extraction yield have been optimized using an experimental design; and under optimized conditions, the developed method has been validated. The detection limits for all the pesticides were in the range of 0.001–0.348 μg/L with good linearity in the concentration range of 0.01–80.0 μg/L. The coefficient of determination was in the range of (R2) ≥ 0.977 to 0.999 for all the pesticides. The method was also checked for the precision of the relative standard deviation, which was below 4.75 (intra‐day) and 8.96% (inter‐day). The recovery of the method was 92–138%.  相似文献   

9.
Resorcinol–formaldehyde aerogel coating was in situ prepared on the surface of basalt fibers. The aerogel coating is uniformly modified onto basalt fibers, and it is very porous according to the characterization by using scanning electron microscopy. An extraction tube was prepared for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction by placing the aerogel‐coated basalt fibers into a polyetheretherketone tube. To evaluate the extraction performance toward five estrogenic compounds, the tube was connected with high performance liquid chromatography, the important extraction and desorption conditions were investigated. An online analytical method for detection of estrogens was developed and presented low limits of detection (0.005–0.030 µg/L), wide linear ranges (0.017–20, 0.033–20, and 0.099–20 µg/L), good linearity (r > 0.9990), and satisfactory repeatability (relative standard deviation < 2.7%). The method was successfully applied to detect trace estrogens in real water samples (bottled pure water and bottled mineral water), satisfactory recoveries were ranged from 80 to 125% with two spiking levels of 2 and 6 µg/L.  相似文献   

10.
1‐propanol is a primary alcohol extensively used in the pharmaceutical, chemical, and food industries. It has been also found as a contaminant in the atmosphere and is considered a model compound to mimic the behavior and fate of aliphatic alcohols exposed to environmental conditions. In order to understand that role of relevant variables, this paper presents results obtained with a simple experimental set‐up to investigate the reactivity of 1‐propanol under mild oxidizing conditions. Coupling this system with CE‐C4D allowed the quantification of the carboxylic acids formed. For the described experiments, aqueous solutions of 1‐propanol were placed inside a photoreactor and oxidized upon the addition of TiO2 and/or H2O2. According to the described results, the addition of H2O2 (0.1% w/w) was the most significant variable, roughly tripled the amount of carboxylic acids generated and led to the conversion of up to 70% of the initially available 1‐propanol (1 mmol/L). More importantly, the reaction yielded the formation (within 10 min) of propionate (50 µmol/L), acetate (400 µmol/L), formate (50 µmol/L), and malonate (200 µmol/L). The latter is critically important because it represents the first example of the photochemical oxidation of both terminal carbons of the C3‐chain of 1‐propanol under mild conditions, and opens new avenues for the production of this important chemical building block.  相似文献   

11.
Electromembrane extraction was used with high‐performance liquid chromatography for preconcentration and determination of ampicillin residues in cow milk. Ampicillin is transferred from an aqueous solution through a thin layer containing octan‐1‐ol, silver nanoparticles, and reduced graphene oxide which serves as a supported liquid membrane. Inside the fiber impregnated with supported liquid membrane mixture was filled 10 µL of an acceptor phase. Experimental parameters were optimized for extraction efficiency of ampicillin. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed method provided acceptable linear range (2–100 µg/L), satisfactory repeatability (RSD% < 7.1), low limit of detection (0.6 µg/L), and a high enrichment factor (295) corresponding to extraction recovery of 37%. Consequently, the proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of ampicillin residues in different cow milks.  相似文献   

12.
Individualization of topotecan dosing reduces inter‐patient variability in topotecan exposure, presumably reducing toxicity and increasing efficacy. However, logistical limitations (e.g. requirement for plasma, intensive bedside plasma processing) have prevented widespread application of this approach to dosing topotecan. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to develop and validate an HPLC with fluorescence detection method to measure topotecan lactone in whole blood samples and to evaluate its application to individualizing topotecan dosing. Plasma samples (200 µL) were prepared using methanolic precipitation, a filtration step and then injection of 100 µL of the methanolic extract onto a Novapak® C18, 4 µm, 3.9 × 150 mm column with an isocratic mobile phase. Analytes were detected with a Shimadzu Fluorescence RF‐10AXL detector with an excitation and emission wavelength of 370 and 520 nm, respectively. This method had a lower limit of quantification of 1 ng/mL (S/N ≥ 5; RSD 4.9%) and was validated over a linear range of 1–100 ng/mL. Results from a 5‐day validation study demonstrated good within‐day and between‐day precision and accuracy. Data are presented to demonstrate that the present method can be used with whole blood samples to individualize topotecan dosing in children with cancer. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
Polypropylene hollow fibers as the adsorbent were directly filled into a polyetheretherketone tube for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. The surface properties of hollow fibers were characterized by a scanning electron microscope. Combined with high performance liquid chromatography, the extraction tube showed good extraction performance for five environmental estrogen hormones. To achieve high analytical sensitivity, four important factors containing sampling volume, sampling rate, content of organic solvent in sample, and desorption time were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, an online analysis method was established with wide linear range (0.03–20 µg/L), good correlation coefficients (≥0.9998), low limits of detection (0.01–0.05 µg/L), low limits of quantitation (0.03–0.16 µg/L), and high enrichment factors (1087–2738). Relative standard deviations (n = 3) for intraday (≤3.6%) and interday (≤5.1%) tests proved the stable extraction performance of the material. Durability and chemical stability of the extraction tube were also investigated, relative standard deviations of all analytes were less than 5.8% (n = 3), demonstrating the satisfactory stability. Finally, the method was successfully applied to detect estrogens in real samples.  相似文献   

14.
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is stabile product of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and therefore MDA is frequently used as a biomarker of LPO. To determine MDA level in various biological samples (human plasma, fish liver tissue and cells in culture), we used an HPLC method with fluorescent detection based on 2‐thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay. The method was validated by the use of spiked pooled plasma samples. In tested concentration range (0.15–3.0 µmol/L) the method was linear (R2 = 0.9963), the between‐day variability (coefficient of variations, CVs) was between 4.7 and 7.6%, the within‐day variability CVs was between 2.6 and 6.4% and recovery was between 91.2 and 107.6%. The level of MDA in human plasma (healthy male, non‐smokers, 46.3 ± 4.7 years; N = 38) was 2.2 ± 1.4 µmol/L; that in liver tissue of common carp (Cyprinus carpio; N = 12) was 0.02 ± 0.004 µmol/g tissue, and in cultured cells (human laryngeal carcinoma cells; N = 10) it was 0.18 ± 0.02 nmol/mg proteins. The HPLC‐FL method is rapid, accurate and reliable to follow the extent of LPO in various biological samples, particularly in samples in which a low level of MDA is expected, such as cells in culture. Owing to the rapid analytical process and run time, it can be used for routine analysis of MDA in clinical laboratory. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

15.
A simple and cost‐effective HPLC method was established for quantification of 5‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5‐HETE) in human lung cancer tissues. 5‐HETE from 27 patients' lung cancer tissues were extracted by solid‐phase extraction and analyzed on a Waters Symmetry C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 µm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol, 10 mm ammonium acetate, and 1 m acetic acid (70:30:0.1, v:v:v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The UV detection wavelength was set at 240 nm. The calibration curve was linear within the concentration range from 10 to 1000 ng/mL (r2 > 0.999, n = 7), the limit of detection was 1.0 ng/mL and the limit of quantitation was 10.0 ng/mL for a 100 µL injection. The relative error (%) for intra‐day accuracy was from 93.14 to 112.50% and the RSD (%) for intra‐day precision was from 0.21 to 2.60% over the concentration range 10–1000 ng/mL. By applying this method, amounts of 5‐HETE were quantitated in human lung cancer tissues from 27 human subjects. The established HPLC method was validated to be a simple, reliable and cost‐effective procedure that can be applied to conduct translational characterization of 5‐HETE in human lung cancer tissues. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

16.
A novel plate‐like nano‐sorbent based on copper/cobalt/chromium layered double hydroxide was synthesized by a simple coprecipitation method. The synthesized nanoparticels were introduced into a stainless steel cartridge using a dry packing method. Then, the packed cartridge was introduced as a novel on‐line “packed in‐tube” configuration and followed by high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of trace amounts of ?9‐tetrahydrocannabinol from biological samples and cannabis leaves. The as‐prepared sorbent exhibited long lifetime, good chemical stability, and high anion‐exchange capacity. Several important factors affecting the extraction efficiency, such as extraction and desorption times, pH of the sample solution and flow rates of the sample and eluent solutions, were investigated and optimized. Under optimized conditions, this method showed good linearity for ?9‐tetrahydrocannabinol in the ranges of 0.09–500, 0.3–500, and 0.4–500 µg/L with coefficients of determination of 0.9999, 0.9991, and 0.9994 in water, serum and plasma samples, respectively. The inter‐ and intra‐assay precisions (n = 3) were respectively in the ranges of 1.8–4.6% and 1.9–4.0% at three concentration levels of 10, 50, and 100 µg/L. The limits of detection were also in the range of 0.02–0.1 µg/L.  相似文献   

17.
An environmentally friendly ionic liquids dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (IL‐DLLME) method coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of antihypertensive drugs irbesartan and valsartan in human urine samples was developed. The HPLC separations were accomplished in less than 10 min using a reversed‐phase C18 column (250 × 4.60 mm i.d., 5 µm) with a mobile phase containing 0.3 % formic acid solution and methanol (v/v, 3:7; flow rate, 1.0 mL/min). UV absorption responses at 236 nm were linear over a wide concentration range from 50 µg/mL to the detection limits of 3.3 µg/L for valsartan and 1.5 µg/L for irbesartan. The effective parameters on IL‐DLLME, such as ionic liquid types and their amounts, disperser solvent types and their volume, pH of the sample and extraction time were studied and optimized. The developed IL‐DLLME‐HPLC was successfully applied for evaluation of the urine irbesartan and valsartan profile following oral capsules administration. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

18.
In this study, a new covalent organic framework, consisting of tetra(4‐aminophenyl)porphyrin and tris(4‐formyl phenyl)amine, was layer‐by‐layer immobilized on stainless‐steel wire as a coating for microextraction. The fabrication process was easy and controllable under mild conditions. The as‐grown fiber was applied to extract polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous solution via head‐space solid‐phase microextraction. Furthermore, it was analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. A wide linear range (0.1–50 µg/L), low limits of detection (0.006–0.024 µg/L, signal‐to‐noise ratio = 3), good repeatability (intra‐fiber, n = 6, 3.1–8.50%), and reproducibility (fiber to fiber; n = 3, 5.79–9.98%), expressed as relative standard deviations, demonstrate the applicability of the newly developed coating. This new material was successfully utilized in real sample extraction with a satisfactory result. Potential parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, including extraction temperature and extraction time, salt concentration, agitation speed, sample volume, desorption temperature, and time, were also optimized and discussed.  相似文献   

19.
A sensitive and specific ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS‐MS) method for quantification of a newly developed anticancer agent NPD‐103 has been established. An aliquot of human plasma sample (200 µL) was spiked with 13C‐labeled paclitaxel (internal standard) and extracted with 1.3 mL of tert‐butyl methyl ether. NPD‐103 was quantitated on a C18 column with methanol–0.1% formic acid (75:25, v/v) as mobile phase using UPLC‐MS‐MS operating in positive electrospray ionization mode with a total run time of 3.0 min. For NPD‐103 at the concentrations of 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 µg/mL in human plasma, the absolute extraction recoveries were 95.58, 102.43 and 97.77%, respectively. The linear quantification range of the method was 0.1–20.0 µg/mL in human plasma with linear correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy for NPD‐103 at 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 µg/mL levels in human plasma fell into the ranges of 95.29–100.00% and 91.04–94.21%, and the intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were in the ranges of 8.96–11.79% and 7.25–10.63%, respectively. This assay is applied to determination of half‐life of NPD‐103 in human plasma. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

20.
《中国化学快报》2022,33(1):508-510
(±)-Pyriindolin (1) with a rare molecular backbone formed by fusing a 2,2′-bipyridine nucleus into a spiro[furan-3,3′-indoline] skeleton, was isolated from the Streptomyces albolongus EA12432. The constitution and the relative configuration of (±)-1 were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, 13C calculation and DP4+ probability analysis. The absolute configurations of optically pure (+)-1 and (?)-1 which were obtained after a chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation were further identified by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. (+)- and (?)-Pyriindolins displayed moderate cytotoxicity against HCT-116 cell line with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 2.89 ± 0.17 µmol/L and 4.47 ± 0.26 µmol/L, respectively.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号