共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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光学活性α,β-二氨基酸是一类重要的合成中间体, 也是许多具有各种生理活性化合物的重要结构片段. 甘氨酸酯衍生物和亚胺的Mannich反应是合成这类化合物的有效方法之一, 至今已有多种手性金属催化剂和有机催化剂应用于这一反应, 但能够同时实现非对映选择性和对映选择性控制的报道很有限. 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 侯雪龙小组与香港科技大学吴云东教授利用手性二茂铁配体实现了反应的高非对映选择性和对映选择性, 同时通过密度泛函(DFT)计算对反应过程予以研究, 根据计算结果对配体结构进行了优化, 利用配体的电子效应不同, 实现了反应的非对映选择性调控, 以优秀的非对映选择性和对映选择性分别得到syn-或者anti-α,β-二氨基酸衍生物. 这一结果不仅提供了一个高非对映选择性和对映选择性合成syn-或者anti-α,β-二氨基酸衍生物的方法, 也提供了一个反应选择性控制的新途径. 相似文献
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合成了数个新手性双-(三氟甲磺酰)亚胺基二硫代缩酮基硅路易斯酸2~4, 并研究了它们对环戊二烯和丙烯酸衍生物11a~11c的Diels-Alder反应的催化活性. 结果表明催化剂活性高, 环加成反应的产率高达89%~96%, 并且获得较高的非对映选择性和中等对映选择性, 当催化剂为2b时, 反应的对映选择性达到最高, 为48% ee. 相似文献
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使用双子表面活性剂(C18-6-6Br2)合成了纳米层状MFI分子筛,这种表面活性剂是由溴代十八烷合成。对沸石样品用X-射线衍射(XRD),低温N2吸附-脱附,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)进行了表征。由N2物理吸附的数据可以得出由双子表面活性剂制备的样品具有高的N2吸附量和外比表面积。其比表面积(454 m2.g-1)远高于传统MFI分子筛,同时它的外表面积占了比表面积的50%以上。纳米层状分子筛在a-c平面拥有清晰且广阔的平面区域,但是沿着b轴的骨架的厚度却相当小。纳米层状NSUCH MFI(Nano hierarchical MFI)分子筛的催化性能以氮氧化物的催化净化来评估。结果表明,样品有着很好的去除氮氧化物的催化性能,在350℃时氮氧化物的转化率达到了100%。 相似文献
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ZSM分子筛催化甲醇制汽油反应中的晶粒粒径效应研究 《燃料化学学报》2017,45(1):75-83
通过调控水热合成ZSM-5凝胶液中H_2O/Si物质的量比,实现了粒径为70、200、400和650 nm四种单分散ZSM-5的可控合成。采用XRD、TEM、BET和NH_3-TPD等多种表征对其微观结构进行分析,结合催化性能评价,考察了晶粒粒径对其催化甲醇制汽油反应性能的影响机制。结果表明,整体上随着ZSM-5晶粒粒径的增加,其外比表面积减小,结晶度提高,酸量呈现出先增加后基本不变的趋势。但外表面附着小晶粒的粒径为650 nm的分子筛体现出了大的外表面积和强的酸性。ZSM-5晶粒粒径的增加整体上降低了其催化MTG反应的寿命和最高收率。晶粒粒径为70 nm时,ZSM-5体现出了96 h的催化寿命和30.8%的最高收率。晶粒粒径为650 nm样品由于其大的外比表面积和较强的表面酸性,也体现出91 h的寿命。在大晶粒ZSM-5外表面附着生长小晶粒ZSM-5,是一种制备高性能催化剂的新方法。 相似文献
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Nitin Labhsetwar R. B. Biniwale Rakesh Kumar S. Rayalu Sukumar Devotta 《Catalysis Surveys from Asia》2006,10(1):55-64
Catalytic control of auto-exhaust emissions is one of the most successful applications of heterogeneous catalysis, both in commercial and environmental point of views. Although noble metal-based catalysts have dominated this area, efforts were always put in towards development of low cost non-noble metal-based catalysts. With the recent need of closed-coupled catalytic converter, thermal stability requirements have also become more severe, leading to the search for stable catalytic materials. Mixed oxides, including those perovskite type compounds with ABO3 structure have been extensively studied, mainly for their catalytic and electrical properties. Low surface area of these catalysts has so far been the most important limitation for their catalytic applications involving high space velocities, e.g. auto-exhaust catalysis. Various synthesis routes have been earlier attempted to improve their surface area, yet this was much inferior than the noble metal catalysts, dispersed on high surface area alumina. The in situ synthesis of these oxides on alumina is often associated with the formation of undesired phases, due to the reactive nature of perovskite precursors. However, alumina washcoat, commonly used for improving the surface area of ceramic and metallic catalyst supports, can be modified for perovskite applications. In situ synthesis of stabilized perovskites on modified alumina-washcoated supports offer high surface area and excellent catalyst adhesion. Although, it is difficult to ascertain the presence of pure perovskite type materials on support, such improved synthesis has resulted in remarkable improvement in their catalytic activity for their applications in auto-exhaust catalytic converters. This review presents our work on synthesis of various improved perovskite-type mixed oxides supported on modified alumina-washcoated cordierite honeycomb, their characterization, and detailed catalytic evaluations for possible application in automobile pollution control. 相似文献
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Ce-Zn-O mixed oxides were prepared by amorphous citrate process and decomposition of the corresponding acetate precursors.
The resulting materials were characterised by TGA, XRD, UV-Vis-DRS, EPR, SEM and surface area measurements. XRD and DRS results
indicated fine dispersion of the ceria component in the ZnO matrix. EPR results clearly indicate the presence of oxygen vacancy
and defect centres in the composite oxide. Addition of CeO2 to ZnO produced mixed oxides of high surface area compared to the pure ZnO. Hydrogen transfer reaction was carried out on
these catalytic materials to investigate the effect of rare earth oxide on the activity of ZnO. Addition of ceria into zinc
oxide was found to increase the catalytic activity for hydrogen transfer reaction. The catalytic activity also depended on
the method of preparation. Citrate process results in uniformly dispersed mixed oxide with higher catalytic activity.
Dedicated to Professor C N R Rao on his 70th birthday 相似文献
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The polarographic catalytic wave of oxygen reduction caused by mefenamic acid (MA) with redox properties was reported in this paper. The electrochemical process of the catalytic wave was proposed that the superoxide anion O(?) was generated polarographically and the dismutation of the O(?) was catalyzed by MA to reproduce O_2 and H_2O_2. This explained chemically the scavenging of the O_2~- by MA im biomedical area. Based on the catalytic wave, a new method for the determination of MA by single-sweep polarography was developed. 相似文献
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Zn取代类水滑石衍生复合氧化物上N2O的催化分解 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
恒定二价与三价阳离子比为3((nZn+nMg)/nAl=3), 采用共沉淀法制备不同Zn含量的系列类水滑石前驱物ZnxMg3-xAl-HT (x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0), 经焙烧得到其衍生复合氧化物催化剂ZnxMg3-xAlO, 用于N2O的直接催化分解. 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积分析(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller)、热分析(TG-DSC)和傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱等表征手段考察了Zn含量对材料前驱物及其衍生复合氧化物组成和结构的影响, 研究了系列ZnxMg3-xAlO催化剂的N2O催化分解性能, 同时探讨了反应条件, 如N2O浓度、空速、O2和H2O等因素对催化剂活性的影响. 结果表明, 所有前驱物材料均能形成完整的层状水滑石结构; 经高温焙烧后形成了以Zn-Al尖晶石为主相的复合氧化物, 且Zn掺杂有助于促进尖晶石相的生成; Zn含量对材料的热稳定性、比表面积和N2O催化分解活性有显著的影响; 随着Zn含量增加, 催化剂比表面积下降, 但其不是影响催化剂活性的主要因素; 650 ℃焙烧后的Zn2.0Mg1.0AlO催化剂具有较好的N2O催化分解活性; N2O浓度、空速及O2对催化剂活性的影响较小, 而H2O则对活性有较大的影响. 相似文献
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XiufengXu YanfeiPan XiaoyanCui ZhanghuaiSuo 《天然气化学杂志》2004,13(4):204-208
A natural montmorillonite, produced from Laiyang of Shandong Province, was pillared by Tipolycations to form Ti-pillared clay (Ti-PILC), and characterized by BET surface area, infrared spectra and thermal analysis. The characterization results show that Ti-PILC has a larger surface area and more hydroxyl groups than that of the natural clay, thus was used as the catalytic carriers to prepare supported Cu catalysts (Cu/TiopILC). The 20%Cu/Ti-PILC with 10mmol/g of Ti/clay shows a high catalytic performance of methane combustion in the temperature range of 400-500℃. 相似文献
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研究了β分子筛的物化性质对其催化活性的影响。实验发现,β分子筛对甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)反应的催化活性是各类酸中心共同作用的结果,但强Lewis酸密度对其活性的影响较大;比表面积、二次孔体积及微孔比表面积等因素与异丁烯转化率无明显的相关性;C4原料中的惰性组分对MTBE反应的影响较小,但以混合C4为原料时MTBE反应的初始反应速率较低。 相似文献
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两亲性TS-1沸石的制备及其相界面催化反应性能的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
采用三甲基氯硅烷和正十八烷基三氯硅烷对TS-1沸石样品进行表面修饰,制备出了两亲性含钛沸石样品.这类两亲性含钛沸石能分布于水、油两相界面处.改性后样品的骨架未遭破坏,其中钛仍然保持了四配位骨架钛的状态,但其晶貌发生了某些改变.这类两亲性样品在不加共溶剂及静置的反应条件下,对1-辛烯和双氧水的相界面环氧化催化反应表现出优良的催化活性.尤其是三甲基氯硅烷改性后的TS-1沸石,在相界面催化反应中,具有比改性前高得多的活性.我们还发现,在该相界面催化反应条件中,相界面的面积和催化剂用量是两个最重要的影响因素,当相界面面积(cm^2)与催化剂用量(mg)的比例控制在0.15左右时,两亲性TS-1沸石的催化活性达到最高值. 相似文献