净化丙烯腈废气催化剂的研究

研究了贵金属Ｐｄ，Ｐｔ，非贵金属Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ氧化物沸石等催化剂对含－ＣＮ有机物丙烯腈的氧化活性，结果表明，以Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ作活性组分、ＺｒＯ２作助活性组分的催化剂对丙烯腈有较高的氧化活性，较强的控ＮＯｘ能力、较低的起燃温度、较宽的浓度处理范围和较魇空速处理能力，３００ｈ稳定性试验后催化剂活性仍在９９％以上。Ｏ２－ＴＰＤ及扫描电镜表征结果很好地支持了反应结果。     

MnO_x对Cu/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂结构及性能的调变作用(英文)

运用ＸＲＤ、ＴＰＲ、Ｈ２－ＴＰＤ等表征手段考察了Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ催化剂的物相结构、氢气的还原性能及Ｈ２的吸附性能;在高压微反色谱系统中进行了ＣＯ加氢合成二甲醚的研究并和表征结果相关联。评价结果表明,Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ双组分催化剂对一氧化碳具有很高的活性及二甲醇的选择性; ＸＲＤ测定结果表明, Ｍｎ的存在使得ＣｕＯ的分散度提高：ＴＰＲ结果表明,锰的存在阻碍了ＣｕＯ的还原,ＣｕＯ存在能够促进ＭｎＯｘ的还原,双组分催化剂的还原并不是单组分催化剂的简单叠加,说明在催化剂的制备过程中ＣｕＯ和ＭｎＯｘ之间发生了一定的相互作用。Ｈ２的脱附实验表明,Ｍｎ的添加增强了催化剂对Ｈ２的吸附能力。     

锰基催化剂上CO2加氢反应性能的研究

研究了Ｍｎ基催化上ＣＯ２的加氢反应性能，结果表明：ＣＯ２活化吸附量的增加有利于ＣＯ２转化率的提高。Ｍｎ具有较好的ＣＯ２加氢生成ＣＯ的催化活性，ＣｕＯ，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的ＺｎＯ的加入使催化剂活性得到进一步的提高；ＮｉＯ的加入增加了催化剂的Ｈ２活化吸附量，从而使催化剂对ＣＨ４的选择性得到提高，同时使ＣＯ２的转化率与Ｎｉ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３相比略有下降。     

Cu-ZSM-5分子筛上[Cu-O-Cu]2+物种的原位红外光谱研究

通过原位监测Ｃｕ－ＺＳＭ－５分子筛的振动动红外光谱随温度及不同处理条件的变化情况,观察到［Ｃｕ－Ｏ－Ｃｕ］＾２＋物种的形成过程,即两个Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）＾＋在脱水过程中经二聚形成［Ｃｕ－Ｏ－Ｃｕ］＾２＋,低交换度样品开始产生［Ｃｕ－Ｏ－Ｃｕ］＾２＋物种所需脱水温度较高,通过观察不同处理条件对［Ｃｕ－Ｏ－Ｃｕ］＾２＋的影响,说明Ｃｕ＾２＋是通过脱出［Ｃｕ－Ｏ－Ｃｕ］＾２＋中的超各氧而被还原为Ｃｕ＾＋,较高     

直接合成二甲醚的新型双功能催化剂

采用共沉淀沉积法制备的Ｃｕ－ＺｎＯ－ＺｒＯ２／ＨＺＳＭ－５系列双功能催化剂具有优异的从合成气亘接制二甲醚的催化性能。其中Ｍｇ－（Ｃｕ－ＺｎＯ－ＺｒＯ２）／Ｖ－ＨＺＳＭ－５表现出最佳的催化活性和选择性,ＣＯ转化率达９１．４％,二甲醚选择性为８４．６％。此外,Ｃｕ－ＺｎＯ－ＺｒＯ２／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂也表现出优良的ＣＯ２加氢性能,ＣＯ２转化率可达３５％,二甲醚选择性为６０．１％。     

Cu对Cu—Mn—Ce—O和Cu—Mn—Ce—Pd—O催化剂三效性能的影响

利用火焰脉冲－微反装置考察了Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ和Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｐｄ－Ｏ两类催化剂的三效活性。结果表明Ｃｕ的加入有利Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ的ＮＯｘ和ＣＯ的转化，而不利于Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｐｄ－Ｏ的ＮＯｘ和ＨＣ的转化。ＸＲＤ分析结果表明在Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ中加入Ｐｄ，原来的ＣｕＭｎ２Ｏ３消失，生成新相ＭｎＡｌ２Ｏ４；ＴＰＲ分析结果表明Ｃｕ使Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ样品表面氧量增加，表面易于还原，而使Ｍｎ－     

Cu对Cu－Mn－Ce－O和Cu－Mn－Ce－Pd－O催化剂三效性能的影响

利用火焰脉冲－微反装置考察了Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ和Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｐｄ－Ｏ两类催化剂的三效活性。结果表明Ｃｕ的加入有利于Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ的ＮＯｘ和ＣＯ的转化，而不利于Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－ｐｄ－Ｏ的ＮＯｘ和ＨＣ的转化。ＸＲＤ分析结果表明在Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ中加入Ｐｄ，原来的ＣｕＭｎ＿２Ｏ＿３消失，生成新相ＭｎＡｌ＿２Ｏ＿４；ＴＰＲ分析结果表明Ｃｕ使Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ样品表面氧量增加，表面易于还原，而使Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－ｐｄ－Ｏ样品表面难于还原。实验结果还表明Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－ｐｄ－Ｏ催化剂的三效性能远远优于Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ催化剂。     

甲烷部分氧化制合成气Ⅱ．镍系催化剂的反应性能

主要用第四周期金属元素的氧化物与Ａｌ２Ｏ３的复合氧化物催化剂上甲烷氧化的结果证实了催化剂设计中的预测：（１）催化剂首先应能解离活化甲烷，（２）催化剂要能较快地活化Ｏ２分子．只有同时满足这两个条件，催化剂才可能有较好的甲烷部分氧化活性．第四周期元素中只有镍具有这样的性质．Ｃｕ，Ｍｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｌａ，Ｃａ，Ｚｎ等氧化物的添加可明显提高Ｎｉ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的甲烷部分氧化性能，其中Ｃｕ的助催化性能最好．催化剂ＮｉＯ－ＣｕＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＮｉＯ－ＭｎＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＮｉＯ－Ｃｒ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的反应活性和选择性顺序，与金属Ｃｕ，Ｍｎ，Ｃｒ上ＣＯ和Ｈ２脱附的顺序是一致的     

氮化铁催化剂的制备及其苯胺催化加氢性能

用α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３与氨气程序升温还原方法制备出不同温度氮气的氮化铁系列催化剂。通过ＸＲＤ测试对氮化过程中的晶相转变进行了分析。在中压反应装置上考察了氮化铁系列催化剂上苯胺加氢活性以及反应条件对苯胺加氢反应活性的影响。结果表明，在７００℃氮化制香的氮化铁催化剂显示有较高的苯胺加氢活性，在氢压为３．０ＭＰａ，温度为２５０℃，ｎ（Ｈ２）／ｎ（ｏｉｌ）＝１８，液体空速（ＷＨＳＶ）为０．３ｈ＾－１时，该催化剂     

Ni／Al2O3催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气

研究了Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂对甲烷部分氧化制合成气的反应性能．结果表明，催化剂在其活性组份Ｎｉ为１０％时反应性能最好．条件实验表明，在６００～９００℃范围内，甲烷转化率和ＣＯ、Ｈ２的选择性随温度升高而增加；转化率和选择性在甲烷空速≤１．５×１０５ｈ－１时基本不变，空速＞１．５×１０５ｈ－１时，转化率和选择性有所下降．随着压力的增加（０．０５～０．４０ＭＰａ），转化率和选择性下降．ＳＥＭ和化学分析结果证明在反应过程中，Ｎｉ组份存在烧结和流失现象．     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.