1,2,3-三氮杂苯-水复合物氢键相互作用

用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31 G**水平上对1,2,3-三氮杂苯和水形成1:1、1:2和1:3复合物的基态氡键结构进行几何优化和性质计算．计算结果表明,复合物之间存在较强的氢键作用．所有稳定复合物结构中形成一个N…H-O氢键并终止于O…H-C氢键的氢键水链构型最稳定．氢键的形成是水分子中H-O键振动频率减小(红移)．NBO分析表明,最稳定的1:1、1:2和1:3复合物发生分子间电荷转移总量分别为0．0222e、0．0261e和0．0273e．同时,用含时密度泛函理论方法在TD-B3LYP/6-31 G**水平计算了1,2,3-三氮杂苯单体及其氢键复合物的第一1(n,π*)激发态的垂直激发能．     

邻二氮杂苯-水复合物氢键相互作用的理论研究

用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法和MP2方法分别对邻二氮杂苯与水形成1∶1和1∶2复合物的基态氢键结构与相互作用能进行了理论计算,结果表明复合物之间存在较强的氢键N…H-O相互作用,在复合物中,水的H-O对称伸缩振动频率明显红移.同时,使用含时密度泛函理论方法计算了邻二氮杂苯单体及复合物的第一1(n,π)和1(π,π)激发态的垂直激发能.     

锇杂苯的电子结构及芳香性

使用密度泛函理论及片段轨道相互作用分析方法 ,研究了典型的锇杂苯的电子结构和芳香性 .结果表明 ,锇碳六员环具有较好的环平面性及键的离域性 ,占据的锇dxz轨道与碳环的 3π空轨道之间的反馈π键相互作用 ,使得环上离域π电子数满足H櫣ｃｋｅｌ的 4n +2规则 ,计算的环外质子化学位移、同键反应芳香性稳定化能、绝对硬度和磁化率增量数据均表明锇杂苯具有芳香性     

胞嘧啶-水分子氢键团簇结构特性理论研究

使用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法,在6-311++G(d , p)基组水平上,研究了C4H5N3O·(H2O)n (n=1~3)分子团簇的基态结构及红外线光谱。通过对C4H5N3O·(H2O)n (n=1~3)分子团簇结构优化,获得了团簇的六种稳定结构。三种最稳定结构的分子团簇的红外光谱表明O—H…O和N—H…O氢键的形成使得O—H和N—H之间伸缩频率减小,发生了红移; O—H…N氢键使O—H之间的伸缩振动频率变大,发生了蓝移。AIM程序分析表明：电子密度的强弱反映了红移和蓝移的大小。之后使用Veda4软件对C4H5N3O·(H2O)n (n=1~3)分子团簇红外光谱的振动频率进行了分析,并对振动频率进行了比较。     

三碘甲状腺素团簇结构与光谱性质的密度泛函理论研究

我们利用密度泛函理论(DFT),在B3LYP/Lan12mb基组水平上,得到了三碘甲状腺素团簇的几何和电子结构.在此基础上,利用含时密度泛函理论(TDDFT),使用相同的基组和采用极化连续介质模型(PCM),对其溶剂效应下的吸收光谱进行研究．研究结果表明,优化所得三碘甲状腺素团簇的对称性为C₁;在基态稳定结构基础上,研究了该分子的红外和拉曼分子振动谱特性,同时研究了其输运性质,即三碘甲状腺素团簇为p型输运材料;通过含时密度泛函理论,在优化好的基态结构基础上,又计算了它的溶剂效应,进一步得出该分子在水溶剂中的吸收光谱特性.     

乙二醇分子间氢键结构与溶剂效应

采用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-311++G** (范德华校正)水平上研究乙二醇在气相中分别与乙腈、丙酮、四氢呋喃、水、乙二醇形成氢键二聚体的结构性质,根据PCM 极化统一场模型讨论氢键溶剂效应。结果表明,五种氢键二聚体分子中的氢键属于红移氢键,溶剂使氢键二聚体分子的偶极矩变大,并对OH振动频率的影响不大。     

乙二醇分子间氢键结构与溶剂效应

采用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-311++G~(**)水平上研究乙二醇在气相中分别与乙腈、丙酮、四氢呋喃、水、乙二醇形成氢键二聚体的结构性质,根据PCM(polarized continuum model)极化统一场模型讨论氢键溶剂效应.结果表明,五种氢键二聚体分子中的氢键属于红移氢键,溶剂使氢键二聚体分子的偶极矩变大,并对OH振动频率的影响不大.     

胸腺嘧啶-水分子团簇结构特性研究

根据量子化学理论,应用Gaussian09W程序中密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP方法,在6-311++G(d,p)基组水平上,研究了胸腺嘧啶与水分子团簇C_5H_6N_2O_2·(H_2O)n(n=1~4)分子团簇的基态结构以及红外光谱.通过对C_5H_6N_2O_2·(H_2O)n(n=1~4)分子团簇的结构优化,获得了团簇最稳定的结构.AIM程序分析表明:分子团簇间形成了氢键,而且电子密度ρ的强弱也反映了红移和蓝移的大小.之后使用Veda4软件对C_5H_6N_2O_2·(H_2O)n(n=1~4)分子团簇红外光谱的振动频率进行了分析,并对振动频率进行了比较.最后,分析四种最稳定结构的分子团簇的红外光谱表明O-H…O和N-H…O氢键的形成使得O-H和N-H之间伸缩频率减小,发生了红移;O-H…N氢键使O-H之间的弯曲振动频率变大,发生了蓝移.     

冰的氢键振动研究

虽然水分子结构简单,但是关于水冰的基本理论仍有很多问题没有科学答案.对于冰的原子分子振动,人们对其分子内的伸缩和弯曲振动以及分子的空间转动已经研究得很清楚.然而30年前,高亮度的非弹中子散射实验发现,很多冰相的远红外分子平移区中存在两个明显的特征振动峰,对其来源一直没有定论.本文基于第一性原理密度泛函理论的CASTEP代码,系统研究了不同冰相的振动谱和振动模式.在对最简单的氢有序冰Ic模型的研究中,首次发现了两类本征的氢键振动模式.以此为线索,继续模拟其他的冰相,发现无论是氢有序还是氢无序结构都存在这个规律.利用冰晶格局域正四面体理想模型,理论上证明了两类振动模式可分为围绕一个水分子的氢键的四键振动和双键振动.高压下,因为结构变形,存在介于二者之间的耦合振动.此外,还有能量更低的一些光学支振动模式,比如团簇的振动、面间振动.冰VII/VIII, XV/VI等结构,是由两个子晶格嵌套而成的,两个子晶格之间还有非氢键的相对振动.综上,这些分子平移振动可解释所有冰相的远红外振动谱,为冰的分子振动理论补足了最后一块拼图.由于液态水不存在这两类氢键振动,因此其远红外吸收带在两个氢键位置恰好是个波...     

苯酚-水团簇C_6H_5OH(H_2O)_n(n=1-6)结构与电子性质的密度泛函理论研究

利用密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/6-31+G(d, p)基组水平上对苯酚-水团簇C_6H_5OH(H_2O)_n(n=1-6)的可能构型进行全优化,得到了团簇的稳定结构;在B3LYP/6-311++G(d, p)基组水平上计算得到了各团簇构型的总能量和结合能,结果显示,在团簇尺寸较小(n≤5)时,团簇C_6H_5OH(H_2O)_n的最稳定结构为平面的环状结构,团簇尺寸较大(n5)时,团簇C_6H_5OH(H_2O)_n的最稳定结构为三维立体结构.通过对团簇结合能的二阶差分、最高占据轨道与最低空轨道之间的能隙、费米能级和电离能的分析发现,团簇C_6H_5OH(H_2O)_2的最低能量结构具有较高的稳定性,可能具有幻数结构.     

Hydrogen bonded rings,chains and lassos: the case of t-butyl alcohol clusters

Infrared OH stretching spectra of hydrogen bonded 2-methyl-propan-2-01 (t-butyl alcohol) clusters are investigated by ragout-jet FTIR spectroscopy. A spectral difference technique is used to discriminate approximately between neighbouring cluster sizes. Dimers, trimers and cyclic tetramers can be detected along with larger clusters, which exhibit a surprisingly structured vibrational fingerprint. Comparison is made to the spectra of related alcohols and to energetic and harmonic vibrational predictions from electronic structure calculations. The experimentally observed 32% increase in OH stretching wavenumber shift from methanol dimer to t-butyl alcohol dimer is reproduced at the HF/3-21G level (+ 33%). It is also qualitatively correct at the MP2/6-31 +G* level (+ l5%), whereas it has the wrong sign at the B3LYP/6-31+ G* level (5%) and is negligible at the HF/6-31+ G* level, disregarding anharmonic effects. The cyclic tetramer of t-butyl alcohol is found to be particularly stable due to a favourable updown alternation of the bulky t-butyl groups. Beyond the t-butyl alcohol tetramer, lasso structures are found to be energetically competitive with simple ring structures. A many-body decomposition shows that this is due to a reduced cooperativity in the sterically hindered pentamer ring. The resulting thermodynamic and kinetic relevance of cyclic tetramers is discussed.     

MgnPm团簇的几何结构，电子性质和稳定性的密度泛函研究

本文运用密度泛函理论在B3LYP6-311G水平上对MgnPm(n=1～2,m=1～8)团簇的几何构型,稳定性以及电子性质进行了较详细的计算研究.在优化所得的MgnPm(n=1～2,m=1～8)基态结构中,n m≥4时,团簇易形成五元环和四元环型结构.在得到的基态结构的基础上,我们对最低能量结构的二阶能量差分和能隙进行了计算,结果表明MgP4,MgP6,Mg2P2以及Mg2P4具有较高的相对稳定性.在对自然电子组态和电荷布居的进一步分析发现,P原子获得电荷的多少取决于P,Mg原子之间的距离的大小.     

Basis set limit binding energies of hydrogen bonded clusters

The utility of the recently developed extrapolation method to estimate the binding energies of weakly bound clusters at the basis set limit exploiting the similar basis set convergence behaviour of correlation energies of the monomer and cluster in correlated calculations (J. chem. Phys., 116, 5389 (2002)) was tested for small to medium (HF)_n and (H₂O)_n (n = 2–5) clusters using various correlation consistent cc-pVXZ (X= D,T,Q,5) basis sets containing different numbers of diffuse functions and 6–31G type basis sets at the MP2 and CCSD(T) level for which accurate basis set limits are available for comparison. It is shown that the basis set limit binding energies estimated by this extrapolation method with modest size of basis sets (cc-pVDZ/cc-pVTZ or 6–3 1 G(d,p)/6-3 IG(2df,2pd)) are much closer to the exact basis set limits than the estimates by commonly used X ^?3 extrapolation or counterpoise corrected binding energies, signifying the importance of this extrapolation method for the study of large weakly bound clusters. It is also shown that the inclusion of appropriate diffuse functions in the basis sets can significantly improve the accuracy of the estimated basis set limits by this extrapolation method. For (HF)_n clusters the MP2 and CCSD(T) basis set limits estimated by this extrapolation method with aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets are 18.4 (18.5) and 18.9 (18.9) for the dimer, 61.8 (62) and 63.2 (63) for the trimer, 113.5 and 114.7 (116) for the tetramer, and 155.2 and 156.3 (158) for the pentamer, respectively, with the values in parentheses representing the apparent basis set limits, with the numbers in units of kJ mol^?1. The corresponding results for (H₂O)_n clusters are 20.5 (20.5) and 20.6 (20.7) for (H₂O)₂, and 60.5 (61) and 60.1 (60) for (H₂O)₃, respectively.     

Hydrogen binding in vacancy clusters in platinum

The binding of hydrogen in different vacancy complexes in platinum metal was investigated with atomic-scale sensitivity using perturbed angular correlations of gamma rays (PAC). Hydrogen was introduced by cathodic charging. Detrapping was monitored microscopically during desorption at 294 K by changes in site fractions of hydrogen-decorated and undecorated complexes. Analysis of desorption includes effects of retrapping of hydrogen at other sites. Assuming a trap concentration of 10^–3, binding enthalpies of 0.23(2), 0.28(1), 0.24(1) and >0.20 eV are obtained for hydrogen atoms in 1V to 4V complexes, respectively. The small differences between the binding enthalpies demonstrate that hydrogen binding is insensitive to the detailed geometrical structure of small vacancy complexes. However, the magnitudes found here are a factor of two smaller than in the literature.     

纳米多孔碳气凝胶的储氢性能

以间苯二酚和甲醛为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶工艺,结合高温碳化和溶剂替换常压干燥技术,制备了碳气凝胶。通过改变间苯二酚与碳酸钠的物质的量比和反应物间苯二酚与甲醛的质量分数,实现对碳气凝胶孔洞结构的控制。制备了钯掺杂碳气凝胶。以透射电镜、X射线衍射谱证实了钯元素以纳米单质颗粒形式存在于碳气凝胶的骨架结构中。对掺杂碳气凝胶进行了活化工艺的后处理,成功提高了比表面积有2倍之多,获得了比表面积为1 273 m2/g的钯掺杂碳气凝胶。氢吸附性能研究结果表明：最优活化工艺所得的碳气凝胶样品（3 212 m2/g）在92 K,3.5 MPa条件下的饱和储氢质量分数为3%,此样品在303 K,3.2 MPa时的储氢质量分数为0.84%。对钯掺杂碳气凝胶的常温（303 K）氢吸附测试表明,掺杂后碳气凝胶的总储氢质量分数下降了,但单位比表面积的储氢质量分数提高了。     

纳米多孔碳气凝胶的储氢性能

 以间苯二酚和甲醛为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶工艺,结合高温碳化和溶剂替换常压干燥技术,制备了碳气凝胶。通过改变间苯二酚与碳酸钠的物质的量比和反应物间苯二酚与甲醛的质量分数,实现对碳气凝胶孔洞结构的控制。制备了钯掺杂碳气凝胶。以透射电镜、X射线衍射谱证实了钯元素以纳米单质颗粒形式存在于碳气凝胶的骨架结构中。对掺杂碳气凝胶进行了活化工艺的后处理,成功提高了比表面积有2倍之多,获得了比表面积为1 273 m²/g的钯掺杂碳气凝胶。氢吸附性能研究结果表明：最优活化工艺所得的碳气凝胶样品（3 212 m²/g）在92 K,3.5 MPa条件下的饱和储氢质量分数为3%,此样品在303 K,3.2 MPa时的储氢质量分数为0.84%。对钯掺杂碳气凝胶的常温（303 K）氢吸附测试表明,掺杂后碳气凝胶的总储氢质量分数下降了,但单位比表面积的储氢质量分数提高了。     

Novel structure and electronic property of Sin (21n30) clusters

Using first-principles simulated annealing generalized gradient approximation density functional calculations based on norm-conserving pseudopotentials, we have investigated the geometric and electronic structures of low-energy silicon clusters (Si_n, n=21–30). We have obtained new low-energy structures not reported previously. Our calculations suggest that the lowest energy structures are spherical ones including core atoms whose number increases with the cluster size. The trend of the binding energy as well as that of the energy difference between the highest occupied and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals is studied as a function of the cluster size and the number of core atoms.     

The structure of para-hydrogen clusters

The path integral Monte Carlo calculated radial distributions of para-hydrogen clusters $({\rm p}\text{-}{\rm H}_2)_N$ consisting of N = 4-40 molecules interacting via a Lennard-Jones potential at $T=1.5~{\rm K}$ show evidence for additional peaks compared to radial distributions calculated by diffusion Monte Carlo ( $T=0~{\rm K}$ ) and path integral Monte Carlo at $T \leq 0.5~{\rm K}$ . The difference in structures is attributed to quantum delocalization at the lowest temperature. The new structures at finite temperatures appear to be consistent with classical structures calculated for an effective Morse potential, which in order to account for the large zero point energy, is substantially softer than the Lennard-Jones potential.     

Electronic structure of BiSeI clusters

The valence band (VB) energy levels of BiSeI crystals have been calculated and compared to the X-ray photoelectron spectra of SbSI crystals. A molecular cluster consisting of 20 molecules of BiSeI has been used to calculate the total VB density of states by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The spectrum of total VB density of states of the (BiSeI)₂₀ cluster weighted by atomic photoemission cross-sections has been compared with the experimental X-ray photoelectron VB spectrum of SbSI type crystals. The cluster model calculation has showed that the core level energy splitting depends on the difference of ionic charges of the same atoms at the edges of the (BiSeI)₂₀ cluster.     

Fractal structure of ultradisperse-diamond clusters

Ultradisperse-diamond clusters are shown to be fractal objects, and the character of variation of the fractal dimension in the course of the diamond-graphite phase transition under annealing in an inert atmosphere is studied. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 776–780 (April 1998)