固态类杂芪分子一阶超极化率测定及溶剂效应

用溶致变色法研究溶剂对反式 (4 N ,N 二甲氨基 ) (4 N 甲基吡啶基 )杂芪碘 (DAPSI) ,反式 (2 N 甲基吡咯基 ) (4 N 甲基吡啶基 )杂芪碘 (MPPSI) ,反式 (2 吡咯基 ) (4 N 甲基吡啶基 )杂芪碘 (PPSI)、反式 (2 呋喃基 ) (4 N 甲基吡啶基 )杂芪碘 (FPSI)、反式 (2 噻吩基 ) (4 N 甲基吡啶基 )杂芪碘 (TPSI)和反式 (4 N 甲基吡啶基 )杂芪碘 (PSI)的分子一阶超极化率 (βxxx)的影响 ,揭示了溶剂极性 (ET(30 ) )与类杂芪染料的 βxxx值间很好的线性关系和影响规律 ,引入了溶剂化效应对待测化合物分子能级的影响与待测化合物分子间相互作用能级间存在等效能级的概念 ,从溶剂极性 (ET(30 )值 )与 βxxx值间的线性关系求出了在纯固态下类杂芪染料的 βsxxx值 ,及基态与第一激发态间跃迁能和最大吸收波长 .证明了MPPSI、PPSI、FPSI、TPSI和PSI在纯固态下的 βsxxx值与给电子取代基的富电子性间有很好的线性关系     

新型有机类杂芪染料的合成及其光物理性质研究

利用改进的碱缩合或酸催化反应,合成了8种类杂芪染料:反式-(2-N-甲基吡咯基)-(4-N-甲基吡啶基)杂芪碘(反式-MPPSI)、反式-(2-吡咯基)-(4-N-甲基吡啶基)杂芪碘(反式-PPSI)、反式-(2-呋喃基)-(4-N-甲基吡啶基)杂芪碘(反式-FPSI)、反式-(2-噻吩基)-(4-N-甲基吡啶基)杂芪碘(反式-TPSI)、反式-(4-N-甲基吡啶基)杂芪碘(反式-PSI)、反式-(4-甲基)-4(4-N-甲基吡啶基)杂芪碘(反式-MPSI)、反式-(4-胺基)-(4-N-甲基吡啶基)杂芪碘(反式-APSI)和反式-(4-N,N-二甲胺基)-(4-N-甲基吡啶基)杂芪碘(反式-DAPSI)其中PPSI、FPSI和TPSI为首次报道的新型染料.研究了这8种染料的基本光物理性质.应用线性Hammett方程,得到了类杂芪染料的电荷转移性质、荧光最大发射波数及Stock's位移和Hammett常数σ或五员杂环的富电子性ρ(C)_D间的线性相关性,由于类杂芪染料分子的最低跃迁能(υ_a)可与σ或ρ(C)_D线性相关,所以类杂芪染料的电转移态性质、荧光最大发射波数及Stock's位移也可与υ_a线性相关,从而得到了拓展的线性Hammett方程.     

固态类杂芪分子一阶超极化率测定及溶剂效应

用溶致变色法研究溶剂对反式－（４－Ｎ,Ｎ－二甲氨基）－（４－Ｎ－甲基吡啶基）杂芪碘（ＤＡＳＰＩ）、反式、（２－Ｎ－比咯基）－（４－Ｎ－甲基吡啶基）杂芪碘３＊（ＭＰＰＳＩ）,反式－２（２－吡咯基）－２（４－Ｎ－比啶基）杂芪磺（ＰＰＳＩ）、反式－（２－呋喃基）－（４－Ｎ＿甲基吡啶基）杂芪碘（ＦＰＳＩ）、反式－（２－噻吩基）－（４－Ｎ－甲基吡啶基）杂芪磺（ＴＰＳＩ）和反式＿４－Ｎ－Ｌ在吡啶基）杂芪碘（Ｐ     

β-三氰基乙烯取代杯[4]吡咯与阴离子相互作用的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函B3LYP方法对β-三氰基乙烯取代杯[4]吡咯主体分子及其与阴离子(F-、Cl-、CH3COO-、H2PO4-)形成的复合物进行研究。结果表明,β-三氰基乙烯取代杯[4]吡咯可与阴离子以分子间氢键相互作用形成复合物,并且其与阴离子结合能力大小的顺序为F-> CH3COO-> H2PO4-> Cl-,与实验结果基本一致;通过与杯[4]吡咯对比可见,强吸电子取代基的引入增强了主体分子对阴离子的结合能力。本文还从几何构型、振动光谱、NBO分析及前线轨道等方面来阐述β-三氰基乙烯取代杯[4]吡咯与不同阴离子氢键相互作用的本质以及吸电子取代基的引入对杯[4]吡咯与F-和Cl-之间主-客体相互作用的影响。     

溶剂效应和取代基效应对2-(2-氨基苯基)苯并噻唑光谱性质及激发态分子内质子转移的影响

合成了多种2-(2-氨基苯基)苯并噻唑(APBT)氨基氢原子被供电子及吸电子基团取代的衍生物, 并用紫外光谱﹑荧光光谱等方法和密度泛函理论(DFT)计算研究了溶剂效应和取代基效应对衍生物的光谱性质及激发态分子内质子转移(ESIPT)的影响规律. 结果表明, 相比于非极性溶剂环己烷, 随溶剂极性的增加及APBT-溶剂分子间氢键的形成, APBT的紫外-可见最大吸收峰和荧光最大发射峰均发生了一定程度的红移, 并对APBT的ESIPT产生了影响. 在APBT分子的氨基氮原子上引入不同的吸电子或斥电子取代基, 对氮原子的电荷性质有较大的影响. 在环己烷溶剂中, 甲基取代后的APBT仅有单重荧光发射峰, 体系未发生ESIPT过程; 而COCH₂Cl等吸电子基团能促进APBT的ESIPT, 其荧光发射光谱出现了明显的双重峰, 表明体系发生了激发态分子内质子转移反应. 量子化学的理论计算较好地验证了光谱实验结果.     

一种新型的分子内激基缔合物——双-β-萘基烷烃及其衍生物分子内激基缔合物的研究

本文报道几种双-β-萘甲酸多次甲基二醇酯及双-β-萘基烷烃次甲基链上被极性基团取代的衍生物的合成及其荧光谱。结果表明,它们都能形成分子内激基缔合物,对于双-β-萘甲酸多次甲基二醇酯来说,其分子内激基缔合物的荧光强度与链长有关,以三次甲基链为最大。对于双-β-萘基烷烃取代衍生物来说,由于吸电子基团的引入使两个萘环的电子云密度不等,它们所形成的分子内激基缔合物的荧光峰都比未取代的1,3-双-β-萘基丙烷有所蓝移。在极性溶剂乙腈中其分子内激基缔合物的荧光峰的位置虽然不变,但I_E/I₂值则有所降低,表现出既不完全与激基缔合物相同,又不完全与激基复合物相同的性质。     

基于氟硼吡咯、氮杂氟硼吡咯光敏剂的均相光解水制氢研究

本文合成了一系列骨架结构8-位为吡啶基取代的氟硼吡咯Bn(n=1~6)及氮杂氟硼吡咯Aza-Bn(n=1~2)衍生物.并以其为光敏剂,钴肟配合物Cn(n=1~4)为质子还原催化剂构建了基于非贵金属的多组分均相光解水制氢体系,并对体系进行优化.在最佳优化条件下,即以C1为催化剂,三乙醇胺(TEOA)为电子给体,在乙腈/水=4:1(v/v),pH 8.5中,可见光(λ420 nm)照射下,碘代氟硼吡咯B4、B5和B6为光敏剂所构建的制氢体系,随着8-位吡啶环上氮原子取代位置的不同,体系的催化转化数(TON)分别为90、101和164,而未碘代的氟硼吡咯(B1~B3)和氮杂氟硼吡咯Aza-Bn(n=1~2)则没有制氢活性.通过电化学测试及光谱实验,并结合密度泛函理论计算,推测体系的电子转移途径和制氢机理.     

上转换荧光化合物DMSSB与CSSB的合成、结构与光物理性质

以苯并噻唑为电子受体,以双苯乙烯基为共轭桥链,分别以二甲基胺和咔唑为电子给体合成了2个新的有机化合物DMSSB(反式,反式-2-{4-[(4-N,N-二甲基胺)苯乙烯基]苯乙烯基}-1,3-苯并噻唑)和CSSB(反式,反式-2-{4-[(4-N-咔唑)苯乙烯基]苯乙烯基}-1,3-苯并噻唑).用X射线衍射方法测定了CSSB的晶体结构.用波长为800nm的激光激发时,DMSSB与CSSB在THF中分别发出强的上转换橙色(λ_max=589nm)和蓝绿色荧光(λ_max=488nm).2个化合物在不同溶剂中的光物理数据和理论计算结果表明,苯并噻唑基是一个很好的电子受体.     

含绿色荧光蛋白发色团双自由基分子的非线性光学性质

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法研究了系列含绿色荧光蛋白发色团双自由基分子光学异构体的几何结构、极化率(αs)和第一超极化率(βtot).结果表明,引入电子给受体取代基使分子的极化率增大,而对第一超极化率有不同影响.对于光照前的反式结构,引入电子受体βtot值增加,且βtot值随取代基吸电子能力的增强而增大;引入电子给体βtot值降低,且βtot值随取代基给电子能力的增强而减小.当分子变成相应的顺式结构时,其βtot值变化趋势与反式结构的结果正好相反.光异构化前后分子的βtot值变化不同,引入电子受体使顺式结构的βtot值比反式结构的小,其中―NO2使顺式结构的βtot值减小为反式结构的1/6;引入电子给体使反式结构的βtot值比顺式结构的小,其中―NH2使反式结构的βtot值减小为顺式结构的1/6.从而,光异构化起到调节非线性光学(NLO)响应的作用.     

共轭稠环中杂原子对电子输运行为的影响

以杂原子取代的共轭稠环分子[并四噻吩(Th4)、并四呋喃(Ox4)和并四吡咯(Py4)]为研究模型,利用密度泛函理论结合非平衡态格林函数方法,研究了杂原子取代和分子端基导电连接方式对电子输运行为的影响.结果表明,并四聚体中电子输运行为主要与电子传输路径和量子干涉效应有关.端基连接方式决定了分子中电子的主要传输路径.所考察的模型中存在2条电子传输通道:(1)单双键连接的共轭碳链;(2)由杂原子参与,同相邻碳原子构成的电子传输通道.杂原子的引入构筑了额外的电子传输通道,增强了分子的导电能力.由于并四聚体α-位连接的T-type体系中存在有效电子传递路径,杂原子仅起到修饰作用.而β-位连接的C-type体系中缺乏有效电子传输路径,但杂原子通过局域的量子干涉效应对电子传递效率产生显著影响.     

溶致变色法测定类杂芪染料分子-阶超极化率

Using solvatochromic method the determination of the molecular first-order hyperpolarizabilities of three novel stilbazolium-like dyes and twoknown stilbazolium-like dyes: trans-(pyrrol-2yl) -4-(N-methyl-pyridinio) -stilbazolium iodide(PPSI), trans-(furan-2-yl) -4-(N-methyl - pyridinio)-stilbazolium iodide (FPSI), trans-(thiophene-2-yl) -4- (N-methyl-pyridinio)-stilbazolium iodide (TPSI) and trans-(N-methylpyrrol-2-yl) 4-(N-methyl-pyridinio)-stilbazolium iodide (MPPSI), trans(4-N, N-dimethylamino) -(4- N-methylpwidinio) -stilbazolium iodide(DAPSI) in 8 solvents is presented, and their molecular hyperpolarizabilities are as high as 10-26 -10-27 esu. We have proved that the molecular hyperpolarizabilities is in linear correlation with the electron excessivities of donors for PPSI,FPSI and TPSI in each solvent, this relation give us a way to design molecules that have larger hyperpolallzabilities. Furthermore, our experiments show that the molecules of the five stilbazolium-like dyes have...更多 a larger dipolemoment, when they are in ground state than in excited state.     

两个新的苯并噻唑衍生物的合成与光物理性质

以苯并噻唑、苯乙酰基和吡啶阳离子为电子受体,二乙烯基苯为共轭桥,合成了两个新的A-π-A′型苯并噻唑衍生物:4-(2-苯并噻唑)-乙烯基查尔酮(1)和4-{4-[2-(苯并噻唑)乙烯基]苯乙烯基}-N-甲基吡啶碘盐(2).研究了它们在溶液和固体基质中的光物理性质.研究发现:染料2由于具有较强的极性和较好的平面性,从而具有较长的吸收、发射峰和较强的荧光发射.有机染料在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/溶胶-凝胶复合玻璃中的发光行为与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和溶胶-凝胶玻璃二者的基质性质有关,同时由于固体基质中分子发生聚集的可能性降低,荧光强度相对于同浓度溶液增强,稳定性提高.     

The Study of <Emphasis Type="Italic">cis-trans</Emphasis> Equilibrium and Complexation with DNA of <Emphasis Type="Italic">meso</Emphasis>-Substituted Carbocyanine Dyes

The effect of DNA was studied on cis-trans equilibrium and spectral and fluorescent properties of a number of meso-substituted carbocyanine dyes: 3,3′-diethyl-9-thiomethylthiacarbocyanine iodide (K1), 3,3′-diethyl-9-methoxythiacarbocyanine iodide (K2), 3,3′-9-triethylthiacarbocyanine iodide (K3), 3,3′-dimethyl-9-ethyloxacarbocyanine iodide (K4), 3,3′-9-triethyl-5,5′-dimethyloxacarbocyanine iodide (K5), and 3,3′,9-triethyl-6,6′-dimethoxyoxacarbocyanine iodide (K6). Equilibrium between the cis and trans isomeric forms was detected for the thiacarbocyanine dyes in a number of organic solvents, with a shift of the equilibrium toward the cis-isomer caused by an increase in the solvent polarity. The oxacarbocyanines are present only in the form of trans-isomers in both polar and nonpolar solvents. Interaction of the dyes with DNA leads to the formation of stable noncovalent complexes. The complexation of the thiacarbocyanine dyes results in a shift of the isomeric equilibrium and occurs predominantly via the cis-form of the dye. The oxacarbocyanine dyes produce complexes with DNA in the initial trans-form.__________Translated from Khimiya Vysokikh Energii, Vol. 39, No. 4, 2005, pp. 280–286.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Pronkin, Tatikolov, Anikovskii, Kuz’min.     

四苯基卟啉及其衍生物的合成

对四苯基卟啉及其衍生物的合成进行了大量研究，探讨了近三十种常用的有机溶剂中，选用三十五种常用的有机酸、无机酸催化吡咯和苯甲醛缩合。结果发现：吡咯与相应的取代苯甲醛在回流状态下缩合得到目标化合物。     

Photophysical properties of izomeric N-chlorobenzyl substituted (E)-2' (3'-or 4')-hydroxy-4-stilbazolium chlorides in alcohols

Absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectra of nine N-p-(m- and o-) chlorobenzyl substituted (E)-2'-(3' and 4')-hydroxy-4-stilbazolium chlorides belonging to the hemicyanine class of compounds were studied in extra dry alcohols of different polarity. Derivatives with 2'-hydroxy or 4'-hydroxy substituent in the benzene moiety of stilbazol molecule displayed negative solvatochromizm. On the other hand, the excited state decay of compounds with a 3'-hydroxy group in the benzene moiety was dominated by non-radiative processes in protic solvents. Solutions of each of the compounds are yellow in extra dry solvents, red in solvents with small amount of water and yellow again if more water is added. The absorbance and steady-state fluorescence methods were used to explain the protonation/deprotonation processes for N-p-chlorobenzyl-(E)-4'-hydroxy-4-stilbazolium chloride and its zwitterionic or quinoid form in 2-propanol responsible for these phenomena.     

Solvatochromism of 3-[2-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)benzoxazol-5-yl]alanine methyl ester. A new fluorescence probe

The photophysical properties of 3-[2-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)benzoxazol-5-yl]alanine methyl ester (1b) and its Boc derivative (1a) were studied in a series of solvents. Its UV-Vis absorption spectra are less sensitive to the solvent polarity than the corresponding fluorescence spectra which show pronounced solvatochromic effect leading to large Stokes shifts. Using an efficient solvatochromic method, based on the molecular-microscopic empirical solvent polarity parameter E(T)(N), a large change of the dipole moment on excitation has been found. From an analysis of the solvatochromic behaviour of the UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectra in terms of bulk solvent polarity functions, f(epsilon(r),n) and g(n), a large excited-state dipole moment (mu(e) = 11D), almost perpendicular to the smaller ground-state dipole moment, was observed. This demonstrates the formation of an intramolecular charge-transfer excited state. Large changes of the fluorescence quantum yields as well as the fluorescence lifetimes with an increase of a solvent polarity cause that the new non-proteinogenic amino acid, 3-[2-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)benzoxazol-5-yl]-alanine methyl ester, is a new useful fluorescence probe for biophysical studies of peptides and proteins.     

Solvent induced channel interference in the two-photon absorption process--a theoretical study with a generalized few-state-model in three dimensions

For the first time, we report the effect of interference between different optical channels on the two-photon absorption (TPA) process in three dimensions. We have employed response theory as well as a sum-over-states (SOS) approach involving few intermediate states to calculate the TPA parameters like transition probabilities (δ(TP)) and TPA tensor elements. In order to use the limited SOS approach, we have derived a new formula for a generalized few-state-model (GFSM) in three dimensions. Due to the presence of additional terms related to the angle between different transition moment vectors, the channel interference associated with the TPA process in 3D is significantly different and much more complicated than that in 1D and 2D cases. The entire study has been carried out on the two simplest Reichardt's dyes, namely 2- and 4-(pyridinium-1-yl)-phenolate (ortho- and para-betain) in gas phase, THF, CH(3)CN and water solvents. We have meticulously inspected the effect of the additional angle related terms on the overall TPA transition probabilities of the two 3D isomeric molecules studied and found that the interfering terms involved in the δ(TP) expression contribute both constructively and destructively as well to the overall δ(TP) value. Moreover, the interfering term has a more conspicuous role in determining the net δ(TP) associated with charge transfer transition in comparison to that of π-π* transition of the studied systems. Interestingly, our model calculations suggest that, for o- and p-betain, the quenching of destructive interference associated with a particular two-photon process can be done with high polarity solvents while the enhancement of constructive interference will be achieved in solvents having relatively small polarity. All the one- and two-photon parameters are evaluated using a range separated CAMB3LYP functional.     

Effect of solvent on absorption and fluorescence spectra of a typical fluorinated azo dye for its acidic and basic structures

The effect of 15 polar solvents on absorption and fluorescence energies of a typical fluorinated azo dye, 4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-pyridin-4-yl azo)-phenol, was reported for its acidic, MH, and basic, M, structures.For MH, the absorption energy is described on the basis of multi-linear equation with Taft's π* (solvent polarity) and β (hydrogen bond acceptor) parameters while the fluorescence energy varies rectilinearly with free energy of transferring the proton to the surrounding solvent, ΔG_t°.For M, the hydrogen bonding donor ability of protic solvent, α, is a predominant factor which affects the absorption energy while in aprotic solvents, the absorption energy correlates linearly with Kirkwood function. As the ability of the solvent for hydrogen bonding increases, the absorption band width will increase in parallel with the transition energy.