New spectroscopic method for the determination of optical rotatory dispersion

A new spectroscopic methodology is proposed to measure optical rotatory dispersion(ORD)of optically active media.ORD is obtained from a three-step phase shifting algorithm using transmission spectra taken at three independent probing angles.Optical rotation angles of four sugar solutions are investigated.The results obtained by using the new method show excellent agreement with the reference data,indicating the new method can be used as a reliable way for studying ORD of optically active media.     

Measurements of nonlinear optical refraction and absorption in an amino-triazole push–pull derivative by a vectorial self-diffraction method

We present a method for measuring the magnitude and sign of the nonlinear refractive and absorptive coefficients in isotropic media based on vectorial two-wave mixing. The technique consists of the measurement of the self-diffracted signals as a function of the angle between the linear polarizations of two input pulses. The technique was used to investigate the nonlinear optical response of three amino-triazole derivatives in solution, using nanosecond pulses at 532 nm. For these samples the results show that nonlinear refraction is isotropic, and that nonlinear absorption is present. Input–output experiments show nonlinear absorption consisting of a combination of saturation and induced absorption. A three-level model for the nonlinear absorption was used to explain the experimental results.     

不同原料DKDP晶体的生长和损伤阈值

 采用传统降温法,利用不同原料从氘化程度为85%的溶液生长了四方相磷酸二氘钾(DKDP)晶体,并选取部分样品进行三倍频光损伤阈值测试。实验结果表明：不同纯度原料对DKDP晶体的损伤阈值以及DKDP晶体的生长溶液稳定性的影响效果相反,即由于原料中杂质金属离子含量的差别,高纯原料生长的晶体较一般原料生长的晶体损伤阈值可提高1.5倍,但其生长溶液的稳定性比一般原料低。     

355nm和1064nm双波长预处理对DKDP晶体损伤性质的影响

为了研究3ω预处理、3ω和1ω同时辐照预处理情况后DKDP晶体的3ω损伤特性,建立了双波长预处理和损伤测试实验系统,重点研究了双波长同时辐照预处理情况下1ω能量密度对预处理效果的影响,分析了双波长同时辐照预处理过程中的能量耦合机制。研究结果表明:双波长同时辐照预处理在提升DKDP晶体抗3ω激光损伤性能方面的效果明显好于单波长预处理;在双波长同时辐照预处理情况下,远低于自身预处理阈值的1ω参与了预处理作用过程;在相同3ω能量密度、能量阶梯的预处理策略下,1ω能量密度存在最佳值。     

Synthesis growth and optical properties of semi organic non linear optical single crystal

A new and efficient semi organic nonlinear optical crystal from the amino acid family has been grown by slow evaporation technique from aqueous solution. The crystals structures were solved by direct methods using SIR92 (WINGX) and refined by a full matrix least-square method using SHELXL97. All this compounds crystallized in noncentrosymetric groups. Second harmonic generation measurements were performed by applying the Kurtz and Perry model, to powder samples of compounds at 1,064 nm.     

硫酸盐对KDP晶体质量的影响

利用“点籽晶”快速生长技术生长了掺杂硫酸钾（K2SO4）的磷酸二氢钾（KDP）晶体,并对硫酸根类杂质离子对晶体的结构及光学质量的影响进行了研究。结果表明：在掺杂相对含量为50×10-6条件下,K2SO4开始对KDP晶体产生一定影响,主要表现在不同扇形区域的结构略有改变,其原因主要在于硫酸根与KDP晶体各扇形结构有关;杂质粒子对晶体透过率、单轴性没有明显影响,但是热膨胀系数增大,光损伤阈值略有降低。     

硫酸盐对KDP晶体质量的影响

 利用“点籽晶”快速生长技术生长了掺杂硫酸钾（K₂SO₄）的磷酸二氢钾（KDP）晶体,并对硫酸根类杂质离子对晶体的结构及光学质量的影响进行了研究。结果表明：在掺杂相对含量为50×10^-6条件下,K₂SO₄开始对KDP晶体产生一定影响,主要表现在不同扇形区域的结构略有改变,其原因主要在于硫酸根与KDP晶体各扇形结构有关;杂质粒子对晶体透过率、单轴性没有明显影响,但是热膨胀系数增大,光损伤阈值略有降低。     

四倍频磷酸二氘钾晶体

生长了不同氘含量的磷酸二氘钾(DKDP)晶体,切割角度统一沿Ⅰ类非临界相位匹配方向,即与晶体z轴成90与x轴成45,分别在1 064 nm和1 053 nm两种基频波长下进行了四倍频实验,通过测定氘含量与相位匹配角的联系,确定出能够实现非临界四倍频的DKDP晶体的最佳氘含量。实验发现在1 064 nm的基频波长下通过调节DKDP晶体的氘含量无法实现室温的非临界相位匹配,而在1 053 nm基频波长下实现室温的非临界相位匹配的DKDP晶体最佳氘含量为85%左右     

四倍频磷酸二氘钾晶体

生长了不同氘含量的磷酸二氘钾(DKDP)晶体,切割角度统一沿Ⅰ类非临界相位匹配方向,即与晶体z轴成90与x轴成45,分别在1 064 nm和1 053 nm两种基频波长下进行了四倍频实验,通过测定氘含量与相位匹配角的联系,确定出能够实现非临界四倍频的DKDP晶体的最佳氘含量。实验发现在1 064 nm的基频波长下通过调节DKDP晶体的氘含量无法实现室温的非临界相位匹配,而在1 053 nm基频波长下实现室温的非临界相位匹配的DKDP晶体最佳氘含量为85%左右     

Bulk crystal growth and characterization of non-linear optical bisthiourea zinc chloride single crystal by unidirectional growth method

The unidirectional crystal growth method has been employed for the bulk growth of semi-organic non-linear optical bisthiourea zinc chloride single crystal along a-axis with high solute-crystal conversion efficiency. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies confirm the orthorhombic structure. Optical studies reveal very high transmission of the crystal along the growth axis. Dielectric study shows that the dielectric constant decreases with increase in frequency. Microhardness measurements along the growth axis enunciate the favorable hardness behavior.     

Effect of Co2+ on the growth,optical properties and laser damage threshold of potential nonlinear optical l-alanine single crystal

Good transparent bulk single crystals of pure l-alanine (LA) and cobalt doped LA crystals have been synthesized and successfully grown by slow-cooling method from their aqueous solutions. The concentration of metal dopants in the mother solution with 0.5 mol% for cobalt was carried out individually and crystals were obtained with well defined morphology. The as grown metal doped and pure single crystals were characterized by single crystal XRD studies which confirm that the incorporation of metallic dopants has not changed the basic structure of the parent crystal. The absorption of these crystals was analyzed and the result confirms that they possess low absorption in the range 230–1100 nm. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was carried out to investigate the molecular vibrations of these crystals and to confirm the incorporation of the dopants. The thermal properties have been studied by TGA/DTA curves. The EDAX measurement and surface morphology were studied for pure and metal doped LA crystals. The second harmonic generation (SHG) signals were observed using Nd: YAG laser with fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm in pure and metal doped crystals. The laser damage threshold was measured for pure and metal doped LA crystals and also tested by using a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser showed enhanced LDT value for metal (Co²⁺) doped LA crystal compared to pure LA crystal due to the metallic substitutions thus proving their useful candidature for nonlinear optical applications.     

Effect of ammonium acetate addition on crystal growth,spectral, thermal and optical properties of glycine single crystals

Gamma glycine single crystal is a potential organic nonlinear optical (NLO) material. It has been grown from a mixture of aqueous solutions of glycine and ammonium acetate by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature for the first time. Powder X-ray diffraction studies are carried out and the results are compared. CHN analysis confirms the non-inclusion of ammonium acetate species in to the solution. FTIR studies are performed to identify the presence of various functional groups in the grown crystal. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) was carried out to study the thermal stability and phase transition of the grown crystal. The optical analysis shows that UV cut-off of γ-glycine is at 190 nm and it has a wide transparency window. The second harmonic generation relative efficiency of the grown crystals was observed to be 1.72 times that of potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (KDP).     

Sol-gel preparation of a silica antireflective coating with enhanced hydrophobicity and optical stability in vacuum

A new silica antireflective coating with improved hydrophobicity and optical stability in a vacuum is obtained by a two-step route. Firstly, silica sols are prepared with a sol-gel process, in which tetraethyl orthosilicate is utilized as a precursor. And by introduction of fluorine containing glycol into the sols,the porosity of silica particles and surface polarity of the coatings are decreased. Afterward, coatings are constructed with low surface roughness by modification of PMBA-PMMA. The coatings retain transmission of up to 99.6%, and laser damage threshold of about 50 J/cm2at a wavelength of 532 nm(1-on-1, 10 ns).     

Synthesis,growth, optical properties of a new metalic crystal

The present fascinating field of research is synthesize, grow, and characterize NLO crystals. Optically good quality single crystals of Potassium Thiourea Carbonate (PTC) crystals have been grown by a slow evaporation method. The grown crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR, UV–vis, micro hardness, impedence analysis. FTIR studies confirm the functional groups present in the grown crystal. The UV–vis spectrum showed the transmitting ability of the crystals in the visible region. Vickers micro hardness is showed the hardness of the material. The impedence of the crystal for various frequencies is also reported.     

A three-spectrum method for accurate calibration of bi-plate zero-order retarder

A new spectroscopic method is proposed for the characterization of optical zero-order retarders. It is demonstrated that the retardance as well as the variation of the effective fast axis of a bi-plate zero-order quarter retarder （633 nm） can be obtained with high accuracy in a broadband wavelength range by taking spectra at only three independent angular orientations of the retarder. The calibration results excellently agree with theoretical models, indicating the new method could be used as a simple and reliable way for efficient self-spectral-calibration of optical zero-order retarders.     

Synthesis,growth and optical properties of semi organic non linear optical single crystal: l-Arginine acetate

In the recent past, nonlinear optical materials are getting attention in the field fibre optic communication and optical signal processing. In the present study, the title compound was successfully synthesized by conventional chemical reaction and then the single crystal was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. l-Arginine acetate (LAA) is semi organic non linear optical single crystal and crystallizes in noncentrosymmetric space group. The grown good quality single crystals have been analyzed by different characterization analyses such as powder X-ray diffraction, high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, SEM, micro-hardness, thermal and birefringence analyses.     

太阳能材料CuInS2的晶体结构、电子和光学特性

用全电势线性缀加平面波法加局域轨道方法调查了黄铜矿半导体CuInS2的结构、电子和光学特性。我们计算的带隙0.17 eV是直接的,其它实验和理论也表明这种材料有一个直接带隙。在 In 4d和S 3p轨道之间有相当强的杂化,构成了(InS2)4-阴离子。我们计算的反射率光谱,介电函数的实部和虚部,消光系数和折射率和实验结果取得了很好的一致。     

Single crystal growth,electronic structure and optical properties of Cs2HgBr4

We report on successful synthesis of high-quality single crystal of cesium mercury tetrabromide, Cs₂HgBr₄, by using the vertical Bridgman–Stockbarger method as well as on studies of its electronic structure. For the Cs₂HgBr₄ crystal, we have recorded X-ray photoelectron spectra for both pristine and Ar⁺ ion-bombarded surfaces. Our data indicate that the Cs₂HgBr₄ single crystal surface is rather sensitive with respect to Ar⁺ ion-bombardment. In particular, such a treatment of the Cs₂HgBr₄ single crystal surface alters its elemental stoichiometry. To explore peculiarities of the energy distribution of total and partial densities of states within the valence band and the conduction band of Cs₂HgBr₄, we have made band-structure calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) employing the augmented plane wave+local orbitals (APW+lo) method as incorporated in the WIEN2k package. The APW+lo calculations allow for concluding that the Br 4p states make the major contributions in the upper portion of the valence band, while its lower portion is dominated by contributors of the Hg 5d and Cs 5p states. Further, the main contributors to the bottom of the conduction band of Cs₂HgBr₄ are the unoccupied Br p and Hg s states. In addition, main optical characteristics of Cs₂HgBr₄ such as dispersion of the absorption coefficient, real and imaginary parts of dielectric function, electron energy-loss spectrum, refractive index, extinction coefficient and optical reflectivity have been explored from the first-principles band-structure calculations.     

A novel method of rapidly modeling optical properties of actual photonic crystal fibres

<正>The flexible structure of photonic crystal fibre not only offers novel optical properties but also brings some difficulties in keeping the fibre structure in the fabrication process which inevitably cause the optical properties of the resulting fibre to deviate from the designed properties.Therefore,a method of evaluating the optical properties of the actual fibre is necessary for the purpose of application.Up to now,the methods employed to measure the properties of the actual photonic crystal fibre often require long fibre samples or complex expensive equipments.To our knowledge, there are few studies of modeling an actual photonic crystal fibre and evaluating its properties rapidly.In this paper,a novel method,based on the combination model of digital image processing and the finite element method,is proposed to rapidly model the optical properties of the actual photonic crystal fibre.Two kinds of photonic crystal fibres made by Crystal Fiber A/S are modeled.It is confirmed from numerical results that the proposed method is simple,rapid and accurate for evaluating the optical properties of the actual photonic crystal fibre without requiring complex equipment.     

Electronic structure and optical properties of BiSI crystal

Electronic structure and optical properties of BiSI crystal were investigated by the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FL-LAPW) method with density functional theory (DFT). The complex dielectric function and optical constants, such as optical absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, energy-loss spectrum and reflectivity, were calculated. The optical properties of BiSI crystal were studied experimentally by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The experimental results were compared with the theoretical spectra of complex dielectric functions and with the spectra of a pseudo-dielectric function (PDF). This method shows that experimental spectra consist of four Laurence lines sum.