85Rb灯对87Rb原子的光抽运

本文对用⁸⁵Rb灯不经滤光泡直接对⁸⁷Rb吸收泡的光抽运作了观测,得到了比传统的用⁸⁷Rb灯经⁸⁵Rb滤光泡对⁸⁷Rb吸收泡进行光抽运更强的基态0—0跃迁共振讯号。并在一定温度下观察到负的共振讯号。到目前为止,还不能对这种负的共振讯号作出解释。同时还测量了共振线宽和光频移。对在⁸⁷Rb原子频标中应用的可能性作了评述。 关键词：     

光抽运实验中的拍频现象

我们用两个频率相近的微波同时作用在⁸⁷Rb气泡中的原子上,在⁸⁵Rb灯的抽运下,观察到了⁸⁷Rb原子基态0—0跃迁共振谱线中的拍频现象,并给予了理论解释。 关键词：     

光抽运实验中的微波-射频多量子跃迁

在⁸⁷Rb气泡光抽运实验中,我们同时用微波场和射频场作用在⁸⁷Rb原子上,观察到了⁸⁷Rb原子基态微波-射频多量子跃迁的光检测共振谱线。 关键词：     

39K-87Rb双组分|F=1,mF=-1>态玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的实验制备

本文在³⁹K-⁸⁷Rb混合气体的|F=1,mF=-1>态上获得了双组分玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(Bose-Einstein condensates,BECs)。由于³⁹K原子气体的背景散射长度是负值,必须利用磁场调节Feshbach共振技术来操控其散射长度,从而实现³⁹K原子气体的有效蒸发冷却。在0～200 G磁场强度范围内,我们分别测量了³⁹K-⁸⁷Rb混合气体的同核和异核Feshbach共振,并确定了它们在|1,-1>态中的散射长度与磁场的对应关系。通过优化³⁹K-⁸⁷Rb混合气体中原子种内和种间的相互作用,进一步比较了在不同磁场区域³⁹K-⁸⁷Rb混合气体的协同蒸发冷却效率。最后,实验上制备出³⁹K-⁸⁷Rb混合气体|1,-1>态的双组分BECs,同时为接下来进一步研究量子液滴等相互作用体系提供了理想的平台...     

40K-87Rb原子冷却的半导体激光系统

对⁴⁰K-⁸⁷Rb原子冷却的半导体激光系统提出了一种实验方案，并进行了初步实验.采用三台外腔光栅反馈半导体激光器(ECDL)、四台注入锁定从激光器和一台半导体激光放大器组成激光系统.三台ECDL通过声光调制器产生四束光，分别作为⁴⁰K和⁸⁷Rb原子的冷却光和再抽运光，四束不同频率成分的激光分别注入锁定四台从激光器，然后Rb 冷却光、K冷却光和K再抽运光再同时注入半导体激光放大器进行放大.该装置可同时产生冷却⁴⁰K和⁸⁷Rb原子的冷却光和再抽运光，结构紧凑、工作稳定. 关键词： 简并费米气体 激光器系统 外腔光栅反馈半导体激光器 半导体激光放大器     

多微管阵列结构腔-原子吸收光谱测量Rb同位素比

Rb同位素分析在地质探索和环境监测中具有重要应用价值.本文基于可调谐激光吸收光谱技术,通过热分解的样品处理方式,搭建了一套Rb同位素吸收光谱测量装置,实现了Rb同位素比稳定测量.并通过新型多微管阵列结构设计原子发生器,增强了其原子束准直能力,有效抑制了光谱的多普勒效应,提高Rb同位素光谱分辨率.装置选用钽金属制作6 mm口径的高温原子发生器,内部堆叠1 mm口径微管阵列,发生器经电阻加热最高可达3000℃.实验通过高温(600℃)催化Rb₂CO₃样品释放气态Rb原子,同步利用探测激光通过Rb原子进行测量,获得高分辨率Rb原子吸收光谱,结合谱线参数反演获得自然丰度Rb₂CO₃样品中Rb同位素比(⁸⁵Rb:⁸⁷Rb)为2.441±0.02,探测误差为5.9%,⁸⁷Rb检测极限达1.76‰(3σ).实验结果表明,相较于传统的单管结构,采用多微管阵列结构进行测量时,Rb原子谱线展宽降低了约450 MHz (半高全宽),可有效区分Rb同位素的吸...     

实现玻色-费米混合气体量子简并的四极Ioffe组合磁阱设计

四极Ioffe组合磁阱(QUIC磁阱)是由一对四极线圈和一个Ioffe线圈组合构成的一种Ioffe-Pritchard磁阱,它已广泛应用在囚禁中性原子和实现蒸发冷却原子的实验中.设计了两种不同结构的四极线圈和Ioffe线圈,并对其进行了相应的数值模拟和测试.通过比较获得了一种参数优化的QUIC磁阱,这为QUIC磁阱线圈的优化设计提供了参考.最后在优化的QUIC磁阱中,采用射频蒸发冷却俘获⁸⁷Rb原子,实现了⁸⁷Rb原子气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚,同时采用“共同冷却 关键词： 四极线圈 Ioffe线圈 四极Ioffe线圈组合磁阱 原子冷却     

QUIC阱中紧束缚状态下87Rb原子气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体相变的直接观测

在QUIC阱中经蒸发冷却获得了2×10⁵个|F=2,m_F=2〉态的⁸⁷Rb原子气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚.验证了紧束缚状态下原子云的轴向尺寸的变化作为BEC相变的判据，观察了从热原子气体到玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的相变过程，测量了自由膨胀过程中BEC的纵横比变化，并和理论预言进行了对比. 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 激光冷却与囚禁     

无缓冲气体涂层泡Rb87激射器

本文提出一种不用缓冲气体而用涂层泡的Rb⁸⁷激射器的试验方案。给出了满足激射振荡要求的特定的涂层泡的设计,同时,讨论了激射器的振荡条件及予期所能获得的短期频率稳定度。最后,指出该激射器可能发展为长、短稳兼优的频标。     

原子-异核-三聚物分子转化系统暗态的动力学不稳定性

研究了受激拉曼绝热过程中原子-异核-三聚物分子转化系统暗态的动力学稳定性.通过将量子哈密顿对应到经典哈密顿,并求解和分析线性化经典运动方程后得到的哈密顿-雅克比矩阵本征值,解析地得到了原子-三聚物暗态的动力学不稳定性发生的条件.并以异核原子⁸⁷Rb和⁴¹K混合凝聚体为例,数值地给出了系统发生动力学不稳定性的区域.研究发现,这种动力学不稳定性是由粒子之间的相互作用带来的.此外,还发现系统动力学不稳定性的发生不仅与哈密顿-雅克比矩阵是否出现实数或复数的本征值有关,还 关键词： 原子-异核-三聚物分子转化系统 暗态 受激拉曼绝热过程 动力学不稳定性     

Hyperfine spectroscopy using transverse modulated optical pumping

Population inversion is observed between the field independent, ground hyperfine states of ⁸⁷Rb using an optical pumping technique which is applicable to a large number of species of atoms and ions. Inversion occurs upon a coherent transfer of angular momentum to the ⁸⁷Rb spin system from circularly polarized light propagating in a transverse direction to a magnetic field. Coherenc is established by modulating, at certain frequencies, the light intensity or magnetic field strength.     

Light-Induced shifts in the frequency of a multiphoton radiooptical SHF resonance in alkali atoms

A computation is carried out for light-induced shifts in the frequency of a multiphoton radiooptical SHF resonance in alkali atoms on the basis of the quantum formalism of spherical tensors. The components of a light-induced shift in frequency at magneto-independent 0–0– and 1,–1-transitions in⁸⁷Rb atoms under the conditions of isotopic filtration of the resonance light of pumping are calculated. The difference between the temperatures of a filter cell is discovered at which the point of zero shift in the frequency of radiooptical resonance is attained. The components of the light-induced shift of frequency in optically oriented⁸⁷Rb and¹³³Cs atoms are compared in the absence of collisional reorientation in excited state. The prevailing role of the tensor component of light-induced shift in pumping by the D₁-line of a head doublet and the effect of the orientational dependence of the frequency of a multiphoton resonance on change in the sign of the pumping source radiation polarization are noted. St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, 29 Politekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia. Translated from Zburnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 65, No. 6, pp. 832–838, November–December, 1998.     

Experimental demonstration of the sensitivity of an optically pumped quantum magnetometer

The sensitivity σ of an optically pumped quantum magnetometer is measured directly by comparing the output frequencies of ⁸⁵Rb and ⁸⁷Rb magnetometers integrated in a single two-isotope cell. The result σ₈₇=59.6±6 fT Hz^−1/2 agrees well with the value σ ₈₇ ^light =53.7±2 fT Hz^−1/2 obtained indirectly by measuring 87 the ratio of the resonance steepness to the shot noise of light.     

激光抽运铯束贮存泡激射器

本文提出一种铯原子束激射器的建议,其中利用了双束激光抽运选态技术和原子贮存泡方法。用密度矩阵理论分析了振荡条件,给出了激射器的振荡功率和进泡的原子束流之间的关系式。在使用TE₀₂₁模腔和石腊作涂层的环状石英泡的情况下,计算了激射器的振荡功率、线宽和腔的填充因子,对激射器的短稳亦作了相应的估计。还给出了双原子束双隔离泡的此类激射器的设想。     

Orientational frequency shifts of microwave 0-0 superfine resonance in 87Rb vapor with selective optical pumping

The orientational frequency shift of the UHF radio-optical resonance in the ⁸⁷Rb vapor with a selective optical pumping by laser and lamp sources is studied experimentally and theoretically. A leading role of the tensor component of the light shift is noticed for both excitation modes, and a modulation technique of the resonance frequency orientation shift suppression is demonstrated. We show that it is necessary to ensure a constancy of the angle between the pump light direction and the external magnetic field vector when using a rubidium quantum discriminator based on moving and rotating carriers.     

Solid state spin-flip terahertz maser

Feasibility of pumping the terahertz spin-flip maser by spin-polarized tunneling is investigated and the conditions for the population inversion and threshold current are established. At low temperatures (T < 30 K) lasing in the 50 μm range of wavelengths with an output power of the order of 1 mW is anticipated when a magnetic field of 1 T and a current density of 50 kA cm⁻²are applied.     

A frequency-doubled laser system producing ns pulses for rubidium manipulation

We have constructed a pulsed laser system for the manipulation of cold ⁸⁷Rb atoms. The system combines optical telecommunications components and frequency doubling to generate light at 780 nm. Using a fast, fibre-coupled intensity modulator, we sliced output from a continuous laser diode into pulses with a length between 1.3 and 6.1 ns and a repetition frequency of 5 MHz. These pulses are amplified using an erbium-doped fibre amplifier, and frequency-doubled in a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal, yielding a peak power up to 12 W. Using the resulting light at 780 nm, we demonstrate Rabi oscillations on the F=2,m_F=+2↔F^′=3, m^′ _F=+3-transition of a single ⁸⁷Rb atom. PACS 32.80.Qk; 39.25.+k; 42.55.-f     

Nonlinear resonant polarization rotation under conditions of coherent population trapping

Nonlinear resonant optical rotation was studied over a wide range of experimental parameters at the Rb D ₁ F = 2→F′ = 1 transition in the ⁸⁷Rb vapor under conditions of coherent population trapping. The angle of rotation was found to depend nonmonotonically on the laser intensity and applied magnetic field. The effect of optical pumping out to the level F = 1 is discussed. It is demonstrated experimentally that the Faraday rotation angle increases twofold upon the compensation for pumping.