部分子演化模型与EMC效应

本文研究了部分子在核环境中的演化对束缚核子结构函数的影响,并结合小x区域内邻近核子间部分子空间重叠引起的核遮蔽效应,计算了原子核⁵⁶Fe的平均核结构函数与氘核结构函数之比.计算结果与实验数据符合甚好.     

非微扰夸克传播子与核子结构函数的非平庸Q2依赖性研究

考虑最低维非微扰效应即夸克凝聚和胶子凝聚对夸克传播子的贡献,在链近似下,计算了QCD非微扰夸克传播子; 基于所获得的非微扰夸克传播子,对核子结构函数中的非微扰效应进行了分析,给出了核子结构函数的非平庸Q²依赖性.     

小x区核遮蔽效应的研究

本文分析了小x区原子核内邻近核子间海夸克空间重叠行为,给出了核遮蔽因子R(x,Q²,A)与空间重叠程度因子ΔV_A(x)/V_A(x)的关系.并据此计算了¹²C、⁶³Cu和¹¹⁶Sn的平均核结构函数与氘核结构函数之比,计算结果与实验数据符合甚好.     

干涉截面对核子自旋结构函数的影响

利用非相对论和相对论夸克模型分别计算了干涉截面对极化核子自旋结构函数的影响.计算所得到的明显的作用为今后实验上抽取核子自旋结构函数提供了依据.     

共振Q2相关的极化结构函数性质的研究

在组分夸克模型基础上,极化质子、中子结构函数随Q²演化关系得到了研究.同时理论对总的光吸收截面也给出了相应的预言.计算结果与实验数据相一致.     

改进的核密度模型与强子-核Drell-Yan过程中的核效应

提出了改进的核密度模型，用唯象的方法找到了束缚核子内价夸克和海夸克的核效应的参数公式，其中利用了核密度与原子核的平均结合能之间的联系. 利用该模型所得到的束缚核子内部分子分布函数，对强子与核的Drell-Yan过程的核效应给出了满意的解释, 深化了对原子核内夸克分布受核效应影响的认识. 关键词： 核密度模型 核效应 强子-核Drell-Yan过程     

Q2和x重新标度和EMC效应中的核动量守恒问题

在考虑费米运动修正和核内核子束缚能作用的基础上,进一步引入Q²式x重新标度机制,可以解释EMC效应的主要特性.而且,引入x重新标度可以比Q²重新标度更好地符合实验数据,特别是在0,22式x重新标度参数,结果发现,新的x重新标度机制给出的计算结果可以更好地符合小x区域的实验数据.     

共振Q~2相关的极化结构函数性质的研究

在组分夸克模型基础上，极化质子、中子结构函数随Ｑ~２演化关系得到了研究．同时理论对总的光吸收截面也给出了相应的预言．计算结果与实验数据相一致．     

改进的核密度模型与轻子-核DIS过程中的核效应

提出了改进的核密度模型, 用唯象的方法找到了束缚核子内价夸克和海夸克的 核效应的参数公式, 其中利用了我们已经建立的核密度与原子核的平均结合能 之间的联系. 利用该模型所得到的束缚核子内部分子分布函数, 对轻子与核 的DIS(深度非弹性散射)过程的核效应给出了满意的解释, 深化了对原子核内夸克分布受核效应影响的认识.     

弹性e-d散射中氘核的张量极化t20与ρπγ耦合过程

在夸克-强子混杂模型基础上，利用氘核的相对论波函数，计及冲击近似、ρπγ过程贡献和6夸克集团效应， 计算了氘核的张量极化t20. 结果表明， 当ρπγ耦合常数取正值时， t20的理论值才与新扩展的实验数据符合. Tensor polarization t20 of the deuteron is calculated on the basis of a hybrid quark hadron model. A relativistic wave function of the deuteron is used to calculate the relativistic impulse approximation and the contribution of the ρπγ meson exchange process. Good agreement with experimental data is achieved when and only when the ρπγ coupling constant is taken as positive.     

Nuclear effects on the extraction of neutron structure functions

Nuclear effects due to the presence of spin-1 isosinglet 6-quark clusters in the deuteron on the extraction of both spin-independent and spin-dependent neutron structure functions are investigated. The x-dependences of the 6-quark cluster structure functions are estimated by using a perturbative QCD (pQCD) dimensional counting rules. Within this framework, the ratio of the deuteron structure function to the free nucleon structure function can be well described. We find that the nuclear effect on the extracted spin-dependent neutron structure function is very different from that on the spin-independent neutron structure function. The effect enhances the Bjorken sum by about 10%, whereas it decreases the Gottfried sum by about 7%. The formalism for calculating nuclear effects is further used to evaluate the spin-dependent structure function of the He nucleus and a good self-consistent check is obtained. Received: 1 December 2000 / Revised version: 15 February 2001 / Published online: 25 April 2001     

Statistical model of coexisting multiquark clusters

A model for describing nuclear matter consisting of different multiquark clusters is constructed. Special attention is paid to the case when nucleons (3-quark clusters) coexist with 6-, 9- and 12-quark clusters. A detailed analysis of statistical properties for this mixture is presented over the whole density-temperature plane. The dependence of the results on the mass parametrization is also checked.     

氘代乙烷团簇库仑爆炸产生高能氘核和中子的研究

采用简化库仑爆炸模型对强激光脉冲照射氘代乙烷团簇发生的库仑爆炸过程进行数值模拟,研究了氘代乙烷团簇爆炸产生的氘核动能、中子产额与团簇尺寸的关系,且与氘代甲烷团簇产生的氘核动能及中子产额进行了比较.研究表明,尺寸为5 nm的氘代乙烷团簇在发生库仑爆炸后氘核的最大动能为20.96 keV,获得的中子产额为6.31×105,比同尺寸氘代甲烷团簇产生的氘核最大动能及中子产额更大.因此相对于氘代甲烷团簇,大尺寸的氘代乙烷团簇更适合作为激光驱动团簇库仑爆炸获得高额中子的靶材,这与报道的实验推论相一致.     

Neutron structure function and deuteron EMC effect

Using the impulse approximation, a relativistic formalism for the deuteron structure function is given in the conventional nuclear model. The nucleon density distribution function is obtained by combining the Blankenbecler-Cook vertex factor with the Buck-Gross deuteron wave function. A new procedure is developed to extract the neutron structure function from empirical data on proton and deuteron targets. The results are used to evaluate the deuteron EMC effects in the conventional nuclear model.     

Coulomb expansion of deuterated methane clusters irradiated by an ultrashort intense laser pulse

The simulations of three-dimensional particle dynamics show that when irradiated by an ultrashort intense laser pulse, the deuterated methane cluster expands and the majority of deuterons overrun the more slowly expanding carbon ions, resulting in the creation of two separated subelusters. The enhanced deuteron kinetic energy and a narrow peak around the energy maximum in the deuteron energy distribution make a considerable contribution to the efficiency of nuclear fusion compared with the ease of homonuelear deuterium clusters. With the intense laser irradiation, the nuclear fusion yield increases with the increase of the cluster size, so that deuterated heteronuelear clusters with larger sizes are required to achieve a greater neutron yield.     

Probing the origin of the EMC effect via tagged structure functions of the deuteron

We demonstrate that measurement of tagged structure functions of the deuteron in (e, e′N) semi-inclusive reactions can discriminate between different hypotheses on the origin of the nuclear EMC effect. By choosing extreme backward kinematics for the spectator nucleon to minimize effects from the deuteron wave function and final state interactions, one can isolate the modifications in the structure of the bound nucleon within the impulse approximation. The same reaction can be used to extract the large-x neutron to proton structure function ratio.     

Isotope effect of hydrated clusters of hydrogen chloride,HCl(H2O) n and DCl(H2O) n (n = 0–4): application of dynamic extended molecular orbital method

The recently proposed dynamic extended molecular orbital (DEMO) method is applied to the HCl(H₂O) _n and DCl(H₂O) _n (n = 0–4) clusters in order to explore the isotope effect on their structures, wavefunctions, and energies, theoretically. Since the DEMO method determines both electronic and nuclear wavefunctions simultaneously by optimizing all parameters including basis sets and their centres variationally, we can get the different nuclear orbitals for proton and deuteron as well as their electronic wavefunctions. The positions of the centres of nuclear orbitals show that the deuteron has weaker hydrogen bonding than the proton. There are three isomers in the case of n = 3 clusters, and less stable isomers have hydrogen transferred and non-transferred structures. In the conventional MO calculation, both hydrogen transferred and non-transferred isomers are calculated to be energy minima. When we have applied the DEMO method, only the hydrogen transferred structure is obtained for HCl(H₂O)₃, while both structures are optimized for DCl(H₂O)₃. Such strong H/D dependence on the structures of the HCl(H₂O) _n and DCl(H₂O) _n clusters can be expressed directly by using the DEMO method. The present application demonstrates that the DEMO method is a useful tool for analysing the anharmonicity and vibronic effects of a hydrogen bonding system.     

Off-shell behaviour of theN-N interaction in a six-quark resonating group model of the deuteron

Two different 6-quark resonating group models of the deuteron are investigated to study the off-shell property of theN-N interaction. In the first model the quarks interact by a central one-gluon-exchange potential plus confinement potential. The meson-exchange contribution to then-p potential is simulated by a central GaussianN-N potential. In the second model the quarks interact by one-gluon-and one-pion-exchange potentials (central and noncentral) plus confinement potential. A small additional -exchange potential between neutron and proton binds the deuteron at the correct energy.Several off-shell variants of the two resonating group models are compared with each other by analyzing their elastic electron scattering cross sections. It is found that the standard renormalized version of the resonating group model yields potentials and wave functions that may be considered physical within the limitations of the model. Unitary off-shell transformations, which modify potentials and wave functions in any sizeable way, lead to a disagreement between the charge distribution predicted by the model via analysis of electron scattering and the charge distribution following from the microscopic quark distribution.Both of the 6-quark models support a soft repulsive core of the tripletn-p potential with a core height of around 900 MeV.     

The Pion-Recoil Current and Quark-Cluster Effects of Electromagnetic Form Factors of Deuteron

The electromagnetic form factors of deuteron are investigated on hybrid quarkhadron model, whexe meson exchange and six-quark clusters are taken into account. It is found that pion-recoil current and six-quark clusters have important effects on charge form factor, magnetic structure function and tensor polarization, which are all sensitive to the interaction between nucleons. The theoretical predictions agree well with new experimental data.     

Deuterium-deuterium fusion dynamics in low-density molecular-cluster jets irradiated by intense ultrafast laser pulses

Following the interaction of superintense, short pulse lasers and plasmas, ions can be accelerated to velocities sufficient to drive nuclear fusion reactions, in particular, by the process of Coulomb explosion of clusters [T. Ditmire, Nature (London) 398, 491 (1999)]]. We show here how short bursts of neutrons can be produced using a jet of low-density deuterated methane clusters. Ion velocity distributions were simultaneously measured by a Thomson parabola mass spectrometer, demonstrating deuteron energies up to 120 keV. We show that, in such conditions, nuclear fusion will occur not only in the hot plasma core, but also in the cold outer region by collision processes.