Unpinning and removal of a rotating wave in cardiac muscle

Rotating waves in cardiac muscle may be pinned to a heterogeneity, as it happens in superconductors or in superfluids. We show that the physics of electric field distribution between cardiac cells permits one to deliver an electric pulse exactly to the core of a pinned wave, without knowing its position, and even to locations where a direct access is not possible. Thus, unpinning or removal of rotating waves can be achieved. The energy needed is 2 orders of magnitude less than defibrillation energy. This opens a way to new manipulations with pinned vortices both in experiments and in cardiac clinics.     

大振幅驻波理论

本文从流体动力学基本方程出发,提出大振幅驻波的新理论,求得稳定的波形公式,试图解决长期可疑局面。     

谈"圆驻波"演示实验中的思维误区

指出了对“圆驻波”演示实验在认识上的两个误区，并在理论上分析了在该装置中实现圆环驻波的条件，得到了和实验现象相一致的理论结果。     

一种驻波型超声马达的研究

研制出一种以长条片关压电陶瓷振子作煊子的驻波型超声马达，该马达具有整体结构简单，易于制作与调整、驱动电路合理、运行稳定的特点；由实验研究，测出了其主要性能参数，利用该马达已开发出特性优异的超声步进马达及时钟模型，小型走纸机。     

驻波实验仪的一种改进

设计了一种新型的驻波实验装置,该装置采用振动频率可随外加交流电压频率变化的振动子作为振源,再利用单片机及功率驱动电路产生各种所需的不同频率的电压,来控制振源的振动频率.用它可以验证传统的驻波实验装置不能验证的驻波频率f与驻波波长λ之间的关系.     

Pulsed standing wave deflection of sodium atoms

We study the deflection of sodium atoms by a resonantly tuned pulsed standing wave of high field intensity. The effects of the phase fluctuations of the pulsed laser field on the momentum distribution of the deflected atoms are experimentally determined. The results are explained using a theoretical model based on the generalized density matrix formalism of two-level atoms. Received 23 November 1998 and Received in final form 27 January 1999     

偏斜椭圆激光驻波场作用下中性原子沉积纳米光栅结构特性分析

分析了椭圆激光驻波场的偏斜对中性原子运动过程和沉积过程的影响,对不同偏斜角度椭圆激光驻波场作用下中性铬原子沉积纳米光栅结构的特性进行了仿真研究,由仿真结果可以看出,随着偏斜椭圆形激光束偏斜角的增加,对应于不同y平面,激光驻波场汇聚中性原子所形成纳米光栅条纹的对比度不断减小、半高宽不断增大.当椭圆长短轴之比为2:1条件下,椭圆激光驻波场的偏斜角为0°时,纳米光栅的条纹半高宽为3.2 nm,条纹对比度为36:1,而当偏斜角为15°时,激光驻波场中心位置处的沉积条纹的半高宽为6.5 nm,条纹对比度为24:1,而当椭圆激光驻波场偏斜角度达到30°时,沉积条纹的单峰结构将会产生分裂,形成了双峰结构,且随着偏斜角的增加,沉积条纹的分裂越严重,纳米光栅的沉积质量越差.对于其他长短轴比例条件下的激光场亦可根据比例关系获得相应的纳米光栅沉积特性. 关键词： 原子光刻 偏斜椭圆激光驻波场 纳米光栅     

利用驻波实验研究混沌现象

利用驻波实验演示了混沌现象,并对其进行了理论分析和计算机仿真研究.仿真结果与实验结果都表明:当连接点接近驻波波节处时,振动系统处于混沌运动状态;而当连接点接近驻波波腹处时,系统处于稳定驻波运动状态.     

驻波实验中一个经常出现的错误

对驻波演示实验中出现的立体驻波的原因及特点进行分析,并提出改进实验的建议.     

Kinetics of atoms in an elliptically polarized standing wave

We examine the kinetics of atoms with their ground and excited states being degenerate in the projection of angular momentum. The atoms are located in a standing wave with uniform elliptical polarization. Using the j _g =1/2→j _e =1/2 transition as an example, we show that the friction and diffusion of atoms strongly depend on the ellipticity of the field. For instance, in the low saturation limit the frictional force contains, in addition to the ordinary Doppler friction term, a term that can be interpreted as Sisyphean friction. Under certain conditions, the contributions reflecting the degeneracy of the ground state are dominant, with the result that the values of the friction and diffusion coefficients (and hence the rate of kinetic processes) may differ from the values predicted by the two-level atomic model by several orders of magnitude. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 115, 791–804 (March 1999)     

有限振幅驻波声场中分岔的数值研究

对闭管中有限振幅气柱振动规律进行了数值研究,结果显示有限振幅驻波场具有强烈的非线性特性,在一定条件下会出现分岔混沌现象.倍周期分岔是有限振幅驻波场达到混饨的途径之一.     

压电驻波旋转马达研究

本文对一种以压电陶瓷为动力元件的驻波型超声马达进行了理论和实验研究.提出了一种结构改进型的纵-扭模式转换耦合器,并采用有限元方法分析了它的振动模式;采用机电等效网络方法,导出了马达驱动定子的频率方程。研制的定于直径Φ32mm的结构改进型压电驻波马达,其无载最大转速为430r.p.m,比改进前提高了3~4倍,马达最大力矩输出为6kgf.cm,最大能量转换效率为17%。     

关于驻波能量的分析

通过对驻波的波节、波腹及波节、波腹之间能量的定量讨论,进一步说明驻波的能量问题．     

计算机模拟有阻尼的驻波振动

讨论了两列相向而行、振幅随传播距离增加而线性衰减的相干波叠加后的数学形式，并用计算机模拟了计算结果，得到稳定的驻波波形．     

关于驻波的直观教学

采用旋转矢量法分析了驻波波函数的构建过程,结合几何图形解释了驻波的振幅和相位变化等特征的形成原因,同时分析了驻波运动特性,定性讨论了驻波的能量分布和变化特点.这种分析方法有助于加深学习者对驻波本质的理解.     

微波光学综合实验仪上的驻波探讨

通过对DHMS-1微波光学综合实验仪不同分光板与接收器之间驻波比的测量,定性地讨论了不同材料对电磁波反射的影响,并利用两者之间的行驻波简便地测量了电磁波的自由空间波长,与实际值相比基本吻合.     

Stable localization of atoms in a standing light wave field

We demonstrate theoretically that atoms can be localized (trapped) for a long time in the minima of a periodic potential produced by a strong standing light wave when they are irradiated additionally by a weak traveling or standing light wave which cools atoms in the potential wells.