Performance of a Modified Multicarrier Direct Sequence CDMA System

In this paper, we present an improved multicarrier direct sequence (DS) code division multiple access (CDMA) scheme by modifying the system originally proposed by Kondo and Milstein [13]. In this modified system, different spreading sequences multiplied by a data sequence modulate different carriers. This is to prevent the multiple access capability from reducing when the fading characteristics of different carrier frequencies are highly correlated. We have derived a formula which determines the mean values of the relative received signal strength in a single carrier DS CDMA rake system and in a multicarrier DS-CDMA system. We present results on the comparison of the bit error rate (BER) performance of the two systems including the effect of correlation between fading characteristics of different frequencies under various multipath fading conditions. The results indicate that with 50 users the modified multicarrier DS CDMA system can achieve an uncoded irreducible BER of 1.7 × 10^??3 with an average received signal-to-noise ratio per bit of 10 dB, which is better than 3.0 × 10^??3 achieved by the single carrier DS CDMA rake system, and also show that if multicarrier CDMA system is used with respect to single carrier CDMA system, the SNR gain is up to 4.5 dB for the uncode BER of 10^??3 being achieved.     

Optimal Resource Allocation Scheme in a Multirate Overlapped Optical CDMA System

This paper addresses the problem of resource allocation in a multiservice optical network based on an overlapped code-division-multiple-access system. A joint transmission power and overlapping coefficient (transmission rate) allocation strategy is provided via the solution of a constrained convex quadratic optimization problem. The solution of this problem maximizes the aggregate throughput subject to peak laser transmission power constraints. The optimization problem is solved in a closed form, and the resource allocation strategy is simple to implement in an optical network. Simulation results are presented, showing a total agreement between the derived analytical solution and the one obtained using a numerical search method. In addition, analytical and numerical results show that the proposed resource allocation strategy can offer substantial improvement in the system throughput.     

视频信号处理器的并行结构综述及分类

本文先从并行性的角度提出了视频图像处理器结构的新分类方法.然后对视频图像处理器的并行结构进行了全面的综述,指出各类并行结构的特点和以及今后研究和发展的方向.     

多载波码分多址系统联合特征码与子信道动态分配

针对多载波码分多址系统中固定的子信道分配方案不能依据信道变化进行调整，而固定的扩频码分配又降低了系统的软容量等问题，本文在上行链路盲信道估计的基础上，提出下行链路联合特征码与子信道动态分配方案．根据接人的用户数多少及各个用户的信道信息，进行联合码域与频域的动态资源分配，进一步降低了多址干扰．数值仿真结果表明，本方案收敛快，信道跟踪性能好，在相同误码率条件下系统平均发射功率可以降低3～4dB．     

V-BLAST系统中采用发射功率分配的MMSE迭代软干扰抵消算法

作为一种软输入软输出的MIMO检测算法,MMSE迭代软干扰抵消算法在MIMO Turbo接收机中得到广泛的关注。为了进一步改善系统性能,采用链路自适应方案是很好的选择。该文给出变发射功率的MMSE迭代软干扰抵消算法,并采用了一种有效的发射功率分配方案,只需要很少的控制信令,就可以获得较大的误码率性能改善。通过没有信道编译码的链路仿真,在4发4收QPSK调制的V-BLAST系统中,如果误码率要求为BER=10-3,MMSE迭代软干扰抵消检测算法迭代次数为2时,采用推荐的发射功率分配方案比不采用发射功率分配方案的系统性能提高了约2dB,如果调制方式为16QAM,系统性能提高了约6dB。     

一种CDMA系统反向功率控制的算法

本文简要介绍了基于ＩＳ－９５的ＣＤＭＡ系统反向信道功率控制的原理及其算法实现，从理论上分析了理想的精确功率控制和非精确功率控制对反向信道爱尔兰容量的影响，并对反向闭环功控算法和外环功率控制算法进行了仿真，得到爱尔兰容量最大的仿真算法。     

V-BLAST系统中一种简单的发射功率分配方案

采用发射功率分配方案可以有效地提高V-BLAST系统的性能。一方面,采用注水发射功率分配方案,可以有效地提高系统容量,另一方面,采用合理的发射功率分配方案,可以在固定数据速率时,改善误码率性能。本文针对第二种应用,给出了一种基于等信干噪比的发射功率分配方案,计算复杂度低,需要的反馈信令少,而且该功率分配方案与调制方式和检测算法无关。通过对MMSE串行干扰抵消和MMSE软干扰抵消检测算法仿真验证,其性能远好于不采用发射功率分配方案,同时接近基于拉格朗日极值法的功率分配方案性能。     

一种基于灌水原理的多载波CDMA系统子信道分配方案

多载波CDMA因具有带宽利用率高、抗多径衰落性能强和适合高速数据传输等优点而受到广泛关注.本文提出了一种可用于前向链路自适应子信道分配的多载波CDMA系统模型.在该模型中,用户首先估计前向链路中各子信道的衰落幅度,并将所有衰落可接受的子信道的序号反馈给基站.根据反馈的信息,提出了类似于灌水原理的子信道分配方案.理论分析和仿真结果表明:对于随机特征码情况,该方案的整体性能优良.     

A Novel Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum CDMA System with Analog Frequency Modulation

This paper describes and analyzes a unique combination of analog modulation with code division multiple access. Although the capacity of the analog CDMA system is less than that of the digital CDMA, the analog system has reliable voice quality, economy and ease of implementation, simplified frequency planning, and compatibility with current analog phone systems and devices, which is an especially attractive feature. The FM CDMA system is proposed as a fixed wireless system, e.g., wireless local loop, in which the small scale fading distortion due to Doppler effect is likely to be moderate. This allows the use of simple and cost-efficient receiver structures while maintaining performance.     

Modified CAZAC Sequence Based Timing Synchronization Scheme for OFDM System

Wireless Personal Communications - Active queue management schemes are used to reduce the number of dropped packets at the routers. Random early detection uses dropping probability which is...     

浅谈CDMA系统中导频功率的优化配置

在CDMA系统中，导频功率比是一个重要的工程设计参数，能否正确的选取导频功率比将直接影响系统性能和链路容量。文中就导频功率比对系统容量及平衡的影响进行了探讨和研究，给出了满足链路平衡条件下恰当的导频功率比范围。     

Adaptive Interference Suppression for the Downlink of a Direct Sequence CDMA System with Long Spreading Sequences

A simple approach for adaptive interference suppression for the downlink (base-to-mobile link) of a direct sequence (DS) based cellular communication system is presented. The base station transmits the sum of the signals destined for the different mobiles, typically attempting to avoid intra-cell interference by employing orthogonal spreading sequences for different mobiles. However, the signal reaching any given mobile passes through a dispersive channel, thus destroying the orthogonality. In this paper, we propose an adaptive linear equalizer at the mobile that reduces interference by approximately restoring orthogonality. The adaptive equalizer uses the pilot's spreading sequence (which observes the same channel as the spreading sequence for the desired mobile) as training. Simulation results for the linear Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) equalizer are presented, demonstrating substantial performance gains over the RAKE receiver. Long spreading sequences (which vary from symbol to symbol) are employed, so that the equalizer adapts not to the time-varying spreading sequences, but to the slowly varying downlink channel. Since the inter-cell interference from any other base station also has the structure of many superposed signals passing through a single channel, the adaptive equalizer can also suppress inter-cell interference, with the tradeoff between suppression of intra- and inter-cell interference and noise enhancement depending on their impact on the Mean Squared Error (MSE).     

一种快速OFDM比特、功率分配方案

针对正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的比特、功率分配问题,提出一种功率相对较小的分配方案,文中根据实际信道的情况,采取子载波分组、多比特同时分配的方法使算法的计算量大大降低.仿真结果表明,文中提出的方法是一种快速而灵活的自适应资源分配方案.     

Power Allocation and Control in Multimedia CDMA Wireless Systems

This paper proposes an analysis of outage performance of a Direct Sequence-Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) wireless system with heterogeneous traffic. Imperfections in closed-loop power control and the activity characteristics of any traffic source in the system are taken into account. For given requirements of signal-to-(noise + interference) ratio and outage probability of every user in the system, the system capacity is derived in terms of the maximum number of users of each class that can be accomodated. The optimization problem is explicitly solved for a system consisting of a single cell and an approach is outlined for solving the optimization problem in a multi-cell system. The analysis is carried out by resorting to various approximations of Multiple Access Interference (MAI), that require different methods for solving the optimization problem and yield different degrees of accuracy. From numerical results it is seen that optimal power allocation is essential to limit the effects of power control imperfections, mainly in the case of non uniform amplitudes of residual power fluctuations. In the second part of the paper, a performance study of fixed step closed-loop power control algorithms is presented. A detailed simulation of the power control loop evidences that fast fading phenomena can not be easily tracked, even at moderate Doppler spread. Statistics of residual power fluctuations are estimated and can be used to support the assumptions in the first part of the paper. Furthermore, second order statistics of the controlled channel are estimated, and second order outage statistics (average rate and duration of outage events) are derived as a quantitative measure of residual channel burstiness.     

一种改进的OFDM系统的功率和比特分配算法

OFDM系统中采用自适应技术,可以使系统的性能得到改善。首先简单介绍了经典的自适应比特功率分配算法：H—H算法。其次提出了一种新的自适应算法,此算法改进了H—H算法的初始条件,并且进行多比特分配来提高性能。最后的仿真结果显示该算法减少了迭代时间,而且降低了误比特率,优化了系统的性能。     

一种协作网络编码方案的功率优化分配方法

该文针对传统双路无线中继系统中的源和中继采用等功率发送,导致系统资源利用率低的问题,提出一种译码转发-空时协作网络编码方案的功率优化分配方法。该方法以最小化两源用户中断概率中的较大者为目标,并利用中断概率的高阶近似解,通过迭代计算获得最优功率分配因子。所提功率优化分配方法计算复杂度低且仅需信道的平均增益信息。仿真结果表明,与平均功率分配方法相比,所提功率优化分配方法使系统的中断概率和误码率性能均得到有效提升。     

A Multicarrier CDMA System for Joint Time-Frequency Diversity Using Divided Spreading Sequence

One of the principal disadvantages of multicarrier modulation technique is the sensitivity to the frequency offset introduced by Doppler shift. This frequency offset introduces inter-carrier interference (ICI) among the multiplicity of carriers in the multicarrier modulated signal. However, Doppler spread induced by temporal channel variations can provides another means for diversity. In this paper, we propose a modified multicarrier code division multiple access (CDMA) system to exploit Doppler diversity as well as multipath diversity. The key work of our framework is a canonical time-frequency-based decomposition of the mobile wireless channel into series of independent fading channel. The decomposition naturally leads to a time-frequency generalization of the Rake receiver that exploits both multipath and Doppler diversity.     

A New Unequal Power Allocation Scheme for Asymmetric Turbo Code System

In this paper, a modified unequal power allocation scheme for the different bits of asymmetric turbo encoder has been investigated to enhance the performance. The simulation results and performance bound for the asymmetric turbo code with modified Unequal Power Allocation (UPA) scheme are obtained and compared with the system with typical UPA and without UPA. From the performance results, it is observed that the proposed asymmetric turbo code with modified UPA performs better than the system without UPA and with typical UPA and it provides a coding gain of 0.4–0.52 dB.

面向服务质量的RIS辅助的多用户NOMA系统功率分配方案

可重构智能超表面(RIS)可被视为通信网络中具有特殊功能的“中继”来配合非正交多址接入(NOMA)系统构建一种协同的信息传输方案。考虑到未来物联网(IoT)场景下不同用户设备对服务质量(QoS)的不同需求,该文提出一种RIS辅助的多用户NOMA通信系统模型,并针对两类用户(信息用户和能量用户)的QoS需求设计了一种基于迭代优化的功率分配方法。该方法通过联合设计RIS相移矩阵、基站端波束赋形以及NOMA系统串行干扰消除顺序来最小化系统的总发射功率,以全面减轻通信系统中基站的能耗负担。仿真结果表明,与无RIS的场景相比,RIS辅助的NOMA系统可有效减小基站的能耗;在有RIS的场景下,所提功率分配方法的能耗明显低于RIS端随机选择相位的方式和基站端直接采用迫零波束赋形的方式。