1,1′‐Di(hydrazinocarbonylmethyl)‐2,2′‐biimidazole monohydrate and 1,1′‐di[2‐(hydrazinocarbonyl)ethyl]‐2,2′‐bi­imidazole

The crystal structures of the title compounds, alternatively called 2,2′‐(2,2′‐bi­imid­azole‐1,1′‐diyl)­diaceto­hydra­zide monohydrate, C₁₀H₁₄N₈O₂·H₂O, (I), and 3,3′‐(2,2′‐bi­imid­azole‐1,1′‐diyl)­dipropion­o­hydra­zide, C₁₂H₁₈N₈O₂, (II), respectively, have been determined. The mol­ecules consist of half‐mol­ecule asymmetric units related by a twofold rotation in (I) and by a center of inversion in (II). The imidazole rings of both mol­ecules crystallize in a nearly coplanar fashion [dihedral angles of 5.91 (3) and 0.0 (1)° for (I) and (II), respectively]. Both planar hy­dra­zinocarbonylalkyl substituents are essentially planar and assume the E orientation.     

Hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking in methyl­aminium 4′,7‐dihydroxy­isoflavone‐3′‐sulfonate dihydrate and hexa­aqua­iron(II) bis­(4′,7‐diethoxy­isoflavone‐3′‐sulfonate) tetra­hydrate

In methyl­aminium 4′,7‐dihydroxy­isoflavone‐3′‐sulfonate dihydrate, CH₆N⁺·C₁₅H₉O₇S⁻·2H₂O, 11 hydrogen bonds exist between the methyl­aminium cations, the iso­flavone‐3′‐sulfonate anions and the solvent water mol­ecules. In hexa­aqua­iron(II) bis­(4′,7‐diethoxy­isoflavone‐3′‐sulfonate) tetra­hydrate, [Fe(H₂O)₆](C₁₉H₁₇O₇S)₂·4H₂O, 12 hydrogen bonds exist between the centrosymmetric [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ cation, the isoflavone‐3′‐sulfonate anions and the solvent water mol­ecules. Additional π–π stacking inter­actions generate three‐dimensional supramolecular structures in both compounds.     

A structural hierarchy in the hydrogen‐bonded adduct ethane‐1,2‐di­phospho­nic acid–4,4′‐bipyridyl–water (1/1/2): an N‐component N‐­dimensional structure (N = 3) with substructures having N = 1 and 2

The title compound, 4,4′‐bipyridinium ethane‐1,2‐diyl‐1,2‐di­phospho­nate dihydrate, is a hydrated salt, C₁₀H₁₀N₂²⁺·­C₂H₆O₆P₂^2?·2H₂O, in which the components are linked by extensive hydrogen bonding. The cations and anions lie on inversion centres and with the water mol­ecules each form separate one‐component one‐dimensional chains along [100]: the anions and the water mol­ecules form a two‐component two‐dimensional substructure, (001) sheets, while the cations and anions form a second two‐component two‐dimensional substructure, (011) sheets. All three components combine to form a three‐dimensional framework.     

catena‐Poly­[[[aqua­copper(I)]‐μ‐4,4′‐bipyridyl‐κ2N:N′] hemi­(isophthalate) monohydrate]

The title compound, {[Cu(C₁₀H₈N₂)(H₂O)](C₈H₄O₄)_0.5·H₂O}_n, has been synthesized hydro­thermally and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The compound consists of nearly linear one‐dimensional chains of [Cu(4,4′‐bipy)(H₂O)]_nⁿ⁺ cations (4,4′‐bipy is 4,4′‐bipyridyl), surrounded by isophthalate anions and free water mol­ecules. Hydro­gen‐bonding interactions involving cationic chains, isophthalate anions and free water mol­ecules lead to the formation of a three‐dimensional network structure.     

l‐Me­thionyl‐l‐alanine–2‐propanol (1/2)

The crystal structure of the title compound, C₈H₁₆N₂O₃S·2C₃H₈O, is divided into hydro­phobic and hydro­philic layers. Two peptide mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit are related by pseudo‐translational symmetry along the a axis, as are two of the four 2‐propanol mol­ecules. The last two 2‐propanol mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit have different relative orientations and hydrogen‐bond interactions.     

Inclusion compounds of 2,5‐di­phenyl­hydro­quinone

The crystal structures of three 1:2 inclusion compounds that consist of host mol­ecule 2,5‐di­phenyl­hydro­quinone (C₁₈H₁₄O₂) and the guest mol­ecules 2‐pyridone (C₅H₅NO), 1,3‐di­phenyl‐2‐propen‐1‐one (chalcone, C₁₅H₁₂O) and 1‐(4‐meth­oxy­phenyl)‐3‐phenyl‐2‐propen‐1‐one (4′‐methoxy­chal­cone, C₁₆H₁₄O₂) were determined in order to study the ability of guest mol­ecules in inclusion compounds to undergo photoreaction. All of the crystals were found to be photoresistant. The three inclusion compounds crystallize in triclinic space group . In each case, the host/guest ratio is 1:2, with the host mol­ecules occupying crystallographic centers of symmetry and the guest mol­ecules occupying general positions. The guest mol­ecules in each of the inclusion compounds are linked to the host mol­ecules by hydrogen bonds. In the inclusion compound where the guest mol­ecule is pyridone, the host mol­ecule is disordered so that the hydroxy groups are distributed between two different sites, with occupancies of 0.738 (3) and 0.262 (3). The pyridone mol­ecules form dimers via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.     

1,3‐Dibenzoylimidazolidine‐2‐thione and 1,3‐dibenzo­yl‐3,4,5,6‐tetra­hydro­pyrimidine‐2(1H)‐thione

The title compounds, 1,3‐dibenzo­ylimidazolidine‐2‐thione, C₁₇H₁₄N₂O₂S, (I), and 1,3‐dibenzo­yl‐3,4,5,6‐tetra­hydro­pyrimidine‐2(1H)‐thione, C₁₈H₁₆N₂O₂S, (II), were obtained from the reactions of imidazolidine‐2‐thione and 1,4,5,6‐tetra­hydro­pyrimidine‐2‐thiol, respectively, with benzoyl chloride. Compounds (I) and (II) contain, respectively, imidazolidinethione [C=S = 1.6509 (14) Å] and ­pyrimidinethione [C=S = 1.6918 (19) Å] moieties bonded to two benzoyl rings. The mol­ecules of (I) exhibit C₂ symmetry, the C=S bond lying along the twofold rotation axis, while the mol­ecules of (II) have mirror symmetry (C_s). The imida­zolidine ring in (I) is essentially planar, while the pyrimidine ring in (II) adopts a boat conformation. Mol­ecules of (I) are linked by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions, while mol­ecules of (II) are held together by van der Waals inter­actions.     

Comparison of conventional and synchrotron X‐ray structure deter­minations of the adduct 1,2,4,5‐tetrahydroxybenzene–2,5‐dihydroxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone (1/1) and a conventional X‐ray structure determination of 1,2,4,5‐tetrahydroxybenzene monohydrate

The X‐ray structure of 1,2,4,5‐tetra­hydroxy­benzene (benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetrol) monohydrate, C₆H₆O₄·H₂O, (I), reveals columns of 1,2,4,5‐tetra­hydroxy­benzene parallel to the b axis that are separated by 3.364 (12) and 3.453 (11) Å. Molecules in adjacent columns are tilted relative to each other by 27.78 (8)°. Water mol­ecules fill the channels between the columns and are involved in hydrogen‐bonding interactions with the 1,2,4,5‐tetra­hydroxy­benzene mol­ecules. The crystal structure of the adduct 1,2,4,5‐tetra­hydroxy­benzene–2,5‐di­hydroxy‐1,4‐benzo­quinone (1/1), C₆H₆O₄·C₆H₄O₄, (II), reveals alternating mol­ecules of 1,2,4,5‐tetra­hydroxy­benzene and 2,5‐di­hydroxy‐1,4‐benzo­quinone (both lying on inversion centers), and a zigzag hydrogen‐bonded network connecting mol­ecules in three dimensions. For compound (II), the conventional X‐ray determination, (IIa), is in very good agreement with the synchrotron X‐ray determination, (IIb). When differences in data collection temperatures are taken into account, even the displacement parameters are in very good agreement.     

A new estra‐1,3,5(10)‐triene‐3,17β‐diol solvate: estradiol–methanol–water (3/2/1)

The title solvate of the steroid 17β‐estradiol (E₂) with methanol and water, C₁₈H₂₄O₂·0.67CH₄O·0.33H₂O, is the first E₂ derivative to contain three crystallographically independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The three steroid mol­ecules, along with two methanol mol­ecules and a water mol­ecule, create a three‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonded system. Three‐sided columns are formed, with the estradiol mol­ecules aligned lengthwise parallel to (101), and joined by solvent mol­ecules at both hydro­philic ends. The three estradiol mol­ecules differ slightly in their ring‐bowing angles, i.e. the angle between the mean plane of the A ring and that of the BCD ring; this angle ranges from 7.1 to 12.2°.     

Dimorphism in 3′‐amino­cyclo­hexane­spiro‐5′‐hydantoin

The title compound [systematic name: 1′‐amino­cyclo­hexane­spiro‐4′‐imidazole‐2′,5′(3′H,4′H)‐dione], C₈H₁₃N₃O₂, has been synthesized and was found to crystallize in two different structures, both monoclinic and both with the same P2₁/c space group. In the first structure, there are two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, one of which uses all of its hydrogen‐bond donors and acceptors and forms undulating layers, while the other forms chains propagating perpendicular to the layers. In the second structure, there is only one independent mol­ecule and the packing is based on a chain structure mediated by hydrogen bonding between the hydantoin moieties and further grouped into hydro­philic layers separated by layers of the hydro­phobic cyclo­hex­yl groups.     

(±)‐6‐tert‐Butyl‐8‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐­phenyl‐4H‐1,3‐benzodioxin and 2,2,2′,2′,6,6′‐hexamethyl‐8,8′‐methylenebis(4H‐1,3‐benzodioxin)

Two compounds containing 1,3‐benzodioxin groups are reported, namely (±)‐6‐tert‐butyl‐8‐hydroxy­methyl‐2‐phenyl‐4H‐1,3‐benzodioxin, C₁₉H₂₂O₃, (I), and 2,2,2′,2′,6,6′‐hexamethyl‐8,8′‐methyl­enebis(4H‐1,3‐benzodioxin), C₂₃H₂₈O₄, (II).The hydroxy groups of neighbouring mol­ecules in (I) are hydrogen bonded to each other, giving rise to double‐row chains. The mol­ecule in (II) adopts a `butterfly' conformation, with the O atoms in distal positions. In both compounds, the dioxin rings are in distorted half‐chair conformations.     

Hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking in the three‐dimensional supra­molecular complex bis­(4,4′‐bipyridinium) diaqua­dioxalatoferrate(II) bis(hydrogen oxalate)

The title compound, (C₁₀H₁₀N₂)₂[Fe(C₂O₄)₂(H₂O)₂](C₂HO₄)₂, appears to be a modular associate consisting of a complex anion containing bivalent Fe as the central atom, a bridging hydrogen oxalate anion and a diprotonated 4,4‐bipyridine acting as the counter‐cation. The Fe^II ion in the complex anion occupies a position on a centre of inversion. Its coordination environment is formed by six O atoms from two bidentate oxalate ligands, forming a basal plane, and two water mol­ecules approximately perpendicular to the plane, representing a distorted octa­hedral geometry. These three kinds of ions are connected by strong hydrogen bonds, with donor–acceptor distances (N⋯O and O⋯O) lying in the range 2.54–2.98 Å, and π–π stacking inter­actions between the 4,4′‐bipyridinium cations, thus forming a three‐dimensional supra­molecular structure.     

(1S,2R,2′S)‐ and (1S,2S,2′S)‐1‐phenyl‐2‐phenyl­thio‐2‐(tetra­hydro­pyran‐2′‐yl­thio)­ethanol diastereoisomers at 193 K

In the synthesis of 1‐phenyl‐2‐phenyl­thio‐2‐(tetra­hydro­pyran‐2‐yl­thio)­ethanol, C₁₉H₂₂O₂S₂, four diastereoisomers are formed. Two non‐centrosymmetric enantiomeric forms which crystallize in space groups P2₁2₁2₁ and Pna2₁ are presented. The former has an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group and the O atom of the tetra­hydro­pyran ring. In the latter isomer, the hydroxyl group forms an intermolecular hydrogen bond to the O atom of the tetra­hydro­pyran­yl group of a neighbouring mol­ecule, joining the mol­ecules into chains in the c‐axis direction; the O?O distances are 2.962 (4) and 2.764 (3) Å, respectively. The tetra­hydro­pyran rings are in chair conformations in both isomers and the S side chain has an equatorial orientation in the former, but an axial orientation in the latter mol­ecule.     

rac‐(Z)‐Ethyl 2‐bromo‐2‐[(3R,5R)‐3‐bromo‐5‐methyl­tetra­hydro­furan‐2‐yl­idene]acetate

In the title compound, C₉H₁₂Br₂O₃, a (tetra­hydro­furan‐2‐yl­idene)acetate, the double bond has the Z form. In the tetra­hydro­furan group, the relative configuration of the Br atom in the 3‐position and the methyl group in the 5‐position is anti. The compound crystallizes with two independent mol­ecules per asymmetric unit and, in the crystal structure, the individual mol­ecules are linked to their symmetry‐equivalent mol­ecules by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, so forming centrosymmetric hydrogen‐bonded dimers.     

Intermolecular contacts in the crystal packing of 2,2′‐(N,N′‐oxalyldiimino)­bis(3‐phenyl­propanamide) di­methyl sulfoxide solvate

In the title compound, C₂₀H₂₂N₄O₄·C₂H₆OS, two distinct hydrogen‐bond systems connect oxal­amide groups in one pattern and primary amide groups in the other to form a two‐dimensional network perpendicular to the c axis. These hydro­philic layers are joined to the three‐dimensional structure through C—H?π interactions. The hydrogen‐bonded waved layers shape holes which are occupied by disordered di­methyl sulfoxide solvent mol­ecules.     

A novel one‐dimensional coordination polymer,catena‐poly[[diaquacobalt(II)]‐μ‐(2,2′‐bipyridyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylato‐κ4N,N′:O,O′)]

The title compound, [Co(C₁₂H₆N₂O₄)(H₂O)₂]_n, has been hydro­thermally synthesized and structurally characterized. It consists of polymeric chains of [Co{μ‐(2,2′‐bipyridyl‐3,3′‐di­carboxyl­ato‐κ⁴N,N′:O,O′)}(H₂O)₂] units, in which each Co^II cation is octahedrally coordinated by two chelating pyridyl N atoms, two chelating carboxyl O atoms from different carboxylate groups of another bipyridyl ligand, and two water mol­ecules as terminal ligands. A crystallographic twofold axis parallel to the chain axis, passes through the Co atom.     

catena‐Poly[[[tetra­aqua­zinc(II)]‐μ‐4,4′‐bipyridine] bis­(4‐hydroxy­benzene­sulfonate) trihydrate]

In the title compound, {[Zn(C₁₀H₈N₂)(H₂O)₄](C₆H₅O₄S)₂·3H₂O}_n, the Zn atom, the bipyridine ligand and one of water mol­ecules are located on twofold rotation axes. The Zn atom is coordinated by four O atoms from four water mol­ecules and two N atoms from two 4,4′‐bipyridine mol­ecules in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The Zn²⁺ ions are linked by the 4,4′‐bipyridine mol­ecules to form a one‐dimensional straight chain propagating along the c axis. The 4‐hydroxy­benzene­sulfonate counter‐ions are bridged by the solvent water mol­ecules through hydrogen bonds to generate a two‐dimensional layer featuring large pores. In the crystal packing, the intra­layer pores form one‐dimensional channels along the c axis, in which the one‐dimensional [Zn(C₁₀H₈N₂)(H₂O)₄]²⁺ chains are encapsulated. Electrostatic inter­actions between cations and anions and extensive hydrogen bonds result in a three‐dimensional supra­molecular structure.     

Poly­[[di­aqua­cobalt(II)]‐μ‐4,4′‐bi­pyridine‐κ2N:N′‐μ‐p‐phenyl­enebis­(oxy­acetato)‐κ2O:O′]

The title compound, [Co^II(C₁₀H₈O₆)(C₁₀H₈N₂)(H₂O)₂]_n, was obtained by the hydro­thermal reaction of CoSO₄ with benzene‐1,4‐dioxy­di­acetate [systematic name: p‐phenyl­ene­bis­(oxy­acetate)] and 4,4′‐bi­pyridine (4,4′‐bpy). The Co atom lies at an inversion center and the benzene‐1,4‐dioxydiacetate and 4,4′‐bipyridine moieties lie about other inversion centers. The benzene‐1,4‐dioxydiacetate ligands bridge the octahedral Co^II coordination centers, forming a one‐dimensional zigzag chain. The chains are further bridged by 4,4′‐bpy ligands, forming a novel two‐dimensional supramolecular architecture. Hydro­gen‐bonding interactions between the coordinated water mol­ecules and the carboxyl­ate O atoms lead to the formation of a three‐dimensional network structure.     

Hydro­gen‐bond networks in tris(4‐hydroxy­phenyl)­methane and its 1:1 molecular complex with 4,4′‐bi­pyridine

In tris(4‐hydroxy­phenyl)­methane (or 4,4′,4′′‐methane­triyl­tri­phenol), C₁₉H₁₆O₃, mol­ecules are connected by O—H⃛O hydrogen bonds [O⃛O = 2.662 (2) and 2.648 (2) Å] into two‐dimensional square networks that are twofold interpenetrated. In tris(4‐hydroxy­phenyl)­methane–4,4′‐bi­pyridine (1/1), C₁₉H₁₆O₃·C₁₀H₈N₂, trisphenol mol­ecules form rectangular networks via O—H⃛O [O⃛O = 2.694 (3) Å] and C—H⃛O [C⃛O = 3.384 (3) Å] hydrogen bonds. Bi­pyridine mol­ecules hydrogen bonded to phenol moieties [O⃛N = 2.622 (3) and 2.764 (3) Å] fill the voids to complete the structure.     

N‐(2‐Amino‐1,6‐di­hydro‐5‐nitro­so‐6‐oxopyrimidin‐4‐yl)‐l‐isoleucine–water (4/1): interplay of molecular and supramolecular structures

In the title compound, 2C₁₀H₁₅N₅O₄·0.5H₂O, there are two independent mol­ecules of the pyrimidinyl­isoleucine in general positions and a water mol­ecule lying on a twofold rotation axis. The bond lengths within the organic moieties demonstrate significant polarization of the electronic structure. Each of the organic mol­ecules participates in 12 intermolecular hydrogen bonds, of O—H?O and N—H?O types, while the water mol­ecule acts as a double donor and as a double acceptor of O—H?O hydrogen bonds. The organic components are linked by the hydrogen bonds into a single three‐dimensional framework, reinforced by the water mol­ecules.