Strengths of ozone fundamentals in the infrared: Variational calculations

Strengths are calculated for the fundamental vibration-rotation bands of ozone in the infrared adopting a variational method of vibration-rotation analysis. These calculations make use of available ab initio electronic theory to assign algebraic signs for the coefficients in the dipole moment expansion to internal coordinates. Magnitudes of these coefficients are chosen so that they are consistent with available vibrational intensity data.     

Influenza and the Vocal Performer: Update on Prevention and Treatment

SUMMARY: Upper respiratory tract infections (URIs) are a major cause of morbidity among vocal arts professionals, both from their acute impairment of the vocal mechanism and their predisposing influence for the development of serious vocal sequelae. In this review, we present some of the salient features of currently available treatments effective against influenza, the virus family responsible for the most serious form of URI. At present, these include an inactivated vaccine and four antiviral drugs, each approved in the United States and many other countries for the prevention and treatment of influenza. A live attenuated vaccine is also available, and other vaccines and antiviral drugs are under development. This review details the current options available for treating both influenza and noninfluenza related URIs in the professional voice user.     

Noise from opencast coal mining sites

The principal sources of noise in opencast coal mining operations are described. Currently available information on the assessment, prediction, measurement and control of this type of noise is considered. Some of the problems associated with the setting up of a scheme for the control of noise from opencast sites which are discussed are found to apply to other sources of environmental noise. It is concluded that at present there is insufficient information available to enable a scheme covering all aspects of noise control to be produced. Suggestions are made for further research.     

Calculations of total ionization cross sections for halogen compounds on electron impact from threshold to 2 keV

Calculation for electron impact total ionization cross sections on halogen compounds (BF, SiF, BCl, SiCl) are performed employing Spherical Complex Optical Potential and Complex Optical Potential — ionization contribution (CSP-ic) formalisms. In this article we are presenting data for energies ranging from above threshold to 2000 eV. Our results are compared with available experimental and theoretical data wherever available. It is found that the present result gives a better account of the ionization cross sections.     

非平衡态辐射场能量状态参数的表征

本文提出了非平衡态辐射体系的热力学框架,以光子的能量、光子的有效能、光子的熵、光子的特征温度为基础,把辐射热力学体系分解为边界和辐射场进行描述,给出了非平衡态辐射场中辐射能状态参数的表征式,提出了表征任意指定照射窗口的照射辐射特征温度概念,结合照射辐射强度、照射辐射能量等效温度,表征了辐射场的能量强度、有效能和熵等热力学参数。     

Eigen analysis of the stability and degree of information content in correlation matrices constructed from property time series data

Property is an asset which forms part of the portfolios of many investors, particularly institutional ones, along with equities and bonds. Techniques from physics, particularly that of random matrix theory, have provided powerful insights into the behaviour of financial assets. A large database providing time series data for over 10,000 individual properties is available for the UK. Some of the data is available at an annual and some at a monthly frequency. However, even at the monthly frequency, only a relatively small number of observations is available, certainly in comparison with that available with financial assets. A key issue in translating methods of analysis in financial markets to property data is whether they are applicable given the small number of data points available. This paper addresses this issue. Using the tools of random matrix theory, we find that a great deal of information is contained within property data. The correlations between different types and geographical locations of property tend to have far more true information and be more stable over time than is the case with financial data, despite the large number of observations available with the latter. Received 31 December 2001     

基于DPDV算法的二元光学元件设计

为解决用于高斯分布激光束整形的二元光学元件设计问题 ,在深入研究现有的各种迭代算法 ,如GS算法、模拟退火法、Alopex法等的基础上 ,提出了并行模拟退火算法和DPDV算法 (DifferentParametertoDifferentVariables)。特别是DPDV算法综合了各种算法的优点 ,而避开了其缺点。得到了迄今为止最好的计算结果     

Analytical Dielectric Spectrum Formula Based on Representative Frequencies

基于电介质复折射率的实验数据,采用最小二乘法结合选取的代表频率拟合得到了电介质的介电谱解析表达式,可以得到电介质在全频段的光频常数和介电常数. 研究了三个典型液态电介质,水、乙醇和甲苯的介电谱. 在实验数据可以获取的频率范围内,采用解析表达式得到的光频常数与采用Kramers-Kronig转换得到的折射率实部和实验得到的折射率虚部吻合得很好. 基于介电谱解析表达式可以预测目前实验无法测量的区域的介电谱.     

Decryption of a random-phase multiplexing recording system

In practice, decrypting a random-phase encrypted volume holographic data storage system is impossible unless the original random-phase plate for the encryption is available. However, this study demonstrates that under certain conditions, ways are available that can decrypt an encrypted photorefractive LiNbO₃ crystal holographic storage system. In addition to presenting experimental results that show the efficacy of this decryption approach, problems and difficulties in the experiments are discussed.     

New Experimental Data for the Validation of Radiative Heat Transfer

The numerical simulation of radiative heat transfer is now well established. Key ingredients in such a simulation model are calculated view factors that are used to describe the exchange of radiated energy between different surfaces. Several methods for the calculation of these geometrical factors are available, including Integration, Monte Carlo, and the Hemi-cube methods. Several analytical test cases are also available, such as the well-known “parallel plates” case, which allow modelers to validate their view factor routines. However, there is much less information available that combines both view factor information and heat transfer effects simultaneously.

This article describes the construction of a simple testing rig that allows experiments to be performed that combine view factor effects with measured heat transfer exchanged between surfaces only. The equipment has been used to consider simple cases, such as the parallel plates test case, and also cases where shadowing is important. The results of these experiments are presented as experimental benchmarking data for model users and developers.     

On the applicability of Kramers-Kronig relations for ultrasonic attenuation obeying a frequency power law

In the recent literature concern has been raised regarding the validity of Kramers-Kronig relations for media with ultrasonic attenuation obeying a frequency power law. It is demonstrated, however, that the Kramers-Kronig dispersion relations for application to these types of media are available. The developed dispersion relations are compared with measurements on several liquids, and agreement is found to better than 1 m/s over the experimentally available bandwidth. A discussion regarding the validity of these dispersion relations, in particular how the dispersion relations relate to the so-called Paley-Wiener conditions, forms the conclusion.     

Improved atomic data for iridium atom (Ir I) and ion (Ir II) and the solar content of iridium

From a combination of radiative lifetime measurements, performed with a time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence technique, for nine odd-parity levels of Ir I and four odd-parity levels of Ir II and branching fraction calculations, extended sets of transition probabilities have been derived for transitions of astrophysical interest. The new results are compared with the few experimental data available in the literature and a good agreement is found. They extend considerably the previous sets of transition probabilities available in the literature. Implications of the new results regarding the solar content of iridium are briefly discussed.     

Future cockpit displays

As aircraft systems become more complicated it is necessary to display information which was either not previously available or was provided by instruments which were unduly bulky, heavy, expensive, or unreliable. This paper considers possible display mechanisms for future cockpits and their performance in high ambient illumination. Methods of optimizing the legibility of commercially available display types using contrast enhancement techniques are described. Finally the results of subjective tests on light emitting diode displays are discussed.     

Super AutoDipole

The publicly available package for an automated dipole subtraction, AutoDipole, is extended to include the SUSY dipoles in the MSSM. All fields in the SM and the MSSM are available. The code is checked against the analytical expressions for a simple process. The extended package makes it possible to compute the QCD NLO corrections to SUSY multi-parton processes like the stop pair production plus jets at the LHC.     

Analytical potential energy function and spectroscopy parameters for B~1Π state of KH

Multi-reference configuration interaction is used to produce potential energy curves(PECs) for the excited B1Π state of KH molecule.To investigate the correlation effect of core-valence electrons,five schemes are employed which include the different correlated electrons and different active spaces.The PECs are fitted into analytical potential energy functions(APEFs).The spectroscopic parameters,ro-vibrational levels,and transition frequencies are determined based on the APEFs and compared with available experimental and theoretical data.The molecular properties for B1Π obtained in this letter,which are better than those available in literature,can be reproduced with calculations using the suitable correlated electrons and active space of orbitals.     

Calculated cross sections for electron elastic and inelastic scattering from DNA and RNA bases

Electron scattering cross sections from DNA/RNA bases are calculated in the 10 eV–10 keV energy range by combining screening-corrected aditivity-rule (SCAR) with ab-initio quasifree inelastic atomic potential. Similar calculations compare very favourably with available experimental data for benzene, C₆F₆ and tetrahydrofuran molecules. For DNA/RNA bases, where no experimental data is available, present results are compared with other theoretical values.     

A molecular dynamics study on iridium

In this study, molecular dynamics simulations are performed by using a modified form of Morse potential function in the framework of the Embedded Atom Method (EAM). Temperature-and pressure-dependent behaviours of bulk modulus, second-order elastic constants (SOEC), and the linear-thermal expansion coefficient is calculated and compared with the available experimental data. The melting temperature is estimated from 3 different plots. The obtained results are in agreement with the available experimental findings for iridium.      

Glow discharge plasma electrolysis for nanoparticles synthesis

There are many methods available to synthesize nanomaterials and the glow discharge plasma electrolysis is a novel and a green method in this category. It is seen that most of the papers are published after 2005 and the interest in it is growing due to its applicability in the industry for preparing nanomaterials at large scale. But, only few results are available yet and most of them are on metal nanoparticle preparation, so that more studies are needed to understand the nature of growth of the nanoparticles under glow discharge in liquid and its applicability in preparing semi-conductor nanomaterials. Many have tried many methods to prepare nanoparticles by the glow discharge and a review like this is the need of the time to understand its present status that helps to modify the present situation to a better one. This review classifies all the available methods of nanomaterials synthesis in liquid by glow discharge in to three and it is discussed in detail.     

Series enumeration study of the rod-to-coil transition of linear polymer chains

The scaling of the number, the mean-squared end-to-end distance, and the mean displacement in the direction of the first step, for semiflexible chains on the square, triangular and simple cubic lattices are investigated by enumerating self-avoiding walks classified according to the number of turns. Simple scaling forms are found to describe adequately all the available data. Estimates of the scaling functions are obtained and compared with the Gaussian results, when available. Self-avoidance effects are suppressed but do not vanish identically ind=3, contrary to recent theoretical expectations.     

Calculated Auger sensitivity factors compared to experimental handbook values

A pseudo-first principles technique for Auger quantitation was used to calculate relative Auger yields. These yields were compared to the experimental sensitivity factors found in the Handbook of Auger Electron Spectroscopy. In cases where pure element standards are readily available, theory agreed quite well with experiment 95% of the time. However, when pure element standards are not available, such as the lanthanide series and the light elements from Z = 7 to 12, large deviations exist. Plots of the calculated yields for 3, 5 and 10 kV primary beams are superimposed upon the Handbook sensitivity factor graphs and the reasons for the similarities and differences are discussed.