Confocality in image fiber bundle based microscope: A theoretical analysis

In confocal microscopes employing image fiber bundle, a focused beam is scanned sequentially over each fibers to build up the image. The effect of neighboring fibers around the illumination fiber on the confocality achieved is studied using Gaussian theory. It is shown that with proper packing of the fibers in the image fiber bundle, multiple fibers can be illuminated simultaneously without affecting the confocality. This will reduce the scanning time considerably without affecting the image resolution.     

相干光纤传象束串象性质分析

本文报道了关于相干柔软光纤传象束(FIB)串象特性的研究.提出一种采用定标的光学视频系统定量测量相干柔软光纤传象束串象率的新方法.在光纤传象束的输入端,借助高精度的光学耦合系统,使光线仅对单根光纤输入耦合,而在传象束的输出端,由CCD阵列相机对被激光纤作大面积范围的检测.并且,测量了光纤传象束的静态调制传函数(MTF),用于描述串象率对传象束传象特性的影响,比较了多种传象束样品的测量结果.     

传像光纤束单丝芯径大小对光纤像面全息图的影响

光纤像面全息可以获得较高衍射效率的全息图和再现较大的物像。文中分析了相干光激励下传像光纤束单丝芯径的大小对其输出光场的影响，以及输出光场中低阶模与高阶模对全息照相的不同作用，在此基础上，提出缩小传像束单丝芯径，增多单丝根数，可以提高光纤像面全息图衍射效率和分辨率的观点，并通过实验进行了验证。     

异型传像光纤束在光电探测系统中的应用

传像光纤束在通讯、医疗、军事、光电探测等领域具有广泛的应用,光电系统与传像光纤束相结合可以简化系统设计,增加系统的灵活性。异型传像光纤柬可以实现信号排列的传输变换,其中最常见的变换是图像重组,重组后的图像通过光电探测器将信号读出,送入后端信号处理系统获得目标信号。从空间应用红外光谱仪、高帧频火焰温度探测和光电成像探测三个系统中异型传像光纤束实际应用出发,对异型传像光纤束进行了简要的介绍。     

应用波分复用改善像束传像系统像质的研究

本文通过分析空间波分复用系统中包散元件的色散平均效应,用线扩散传递函数研究了像束传像性质,由光学成像的本征理论用像束成像信息量分析了波分复用改善像束传像像质的机制,并从实验上验证了上述分析结论.     

光锥的光学传递函数测试方法研究

从传像方式上给出了光锥的理论传递函数,并提出了利用星点像分析测试其MTF的方法,通过具体实验给出了MTF的测试结果.测试结果表明,合理的选取测试组件参数,可以得到光锥在较大频率范围内的光学传递函数(>100 lp/mm) .从MTF趋势上看,测试结果与理论推导呈一致性.     

酸溶法光纤传像束透光性能的研究

为了解决酸溶法光纤传像束光透过率较低(不足40%)的问题,通过在传像束的两个端面加镀增透膜,其透过率有了明显的提高,达到了7.38%,拓宽了传像束的应用领域。介绍了膜系设计、镀膜材料的选择以及真空速率的控制对镀膜效果的影响。对影响酸溶法光纤传像束透光性能的各种主要因素进行了分析。     

全塑料光学生命探测仪关键技术研究

制作了单丝直径为250 μm、像素数为4096、长度为15 m的塑料光纤传像束. 研究表明: 原始图像经过该15 m长的光纤传像束后, 仍有25%保留, 完全可以满足图像目视观察或CCD图像采集的需要. 以此光纤传像束为核心部件, 分别设计、制作了目视式生命探测仪样机, 以及与CCD、图像采集卡、笔记本电脑一体化的智能型光学生命探测仪样机. 最后, 演示了该系统对被困人员搜救的有效性. 此系统不但可用于地震、矿难等场合被埋人员的搜索, 也可用于高压强电磁干扰环境、保密部门、易燃易爆等特殊场合的视频监视.     

Fourier-domain angle-resolved low coherence interferometry through an endoscopic fiber bundle for light-scattering spectroscopy

We present a novel endoscopic fiber bundle probe incorporated in a Fourier-domain angle-resolved low coherence interferometry system for the measurement of depth-resolved angular scattering distributions to permit the determination of scatterer size via elastic scattering properties. Depth resolution is achieved with a superluminescent diode via a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The sample is illuminated with a collimated beam, and a Fourier plane image of the backscattered light is collected by a coherent fiber bundle. The angular scattering distribution relayed by the fiber bundle is mixed with the reference field and made to coincide with the input slit of an imaging spectrograph. The data collected are processed in real time, producing a depth-resolved angular scattering distribution in 0.37 s. The data are used to determine the sizes of polystyrene microspheres with subwavelength precision and accuracy.     

酸溶法光纤传像束材料匹配性设计

为使光纤传像束具有良好的传光、传像性能,需要对原始材料的匹配性进行优化设计.本文引入PbO等阳离子半径大的材料作纤芯,用低折射率SiO2和B2O3材料作包层,选择BaO等酸溶速率高的材料作为酸溶层,研究了纤芯、包层和酸溶层玻璃材料之间物化性能和光学性能的匹配性.通过差热分析和光谱透过率等多种实验手段,对这三种玻璃材料的光学和热学性能进行了测试和分析,优化设计出了酸溶法光纤传像束所需要的原料配方.结果表明:在纤芯、包层和酸溶玻璃材料中分别引入质量分数为45%PbO、60% SiO2和40%（B2O3 +BaO）以上时,酸溶法光纤传像束材料的匹配性最佳,该研究和设计对高质量光纤传像束的制备和应用具有重要意义.     

Depixelation of coherent fiber bundle endoscopy based on learning patterns of image prior

We present an iterative method of eliminating pixelation artifacts from an endoscopic image acquired from a coherent fiber bundle imager. Our proposed approach for decoupling the honeycomb effect from the obtained sample image was formulated by using the prior probability for an approximate Bayesian framework in which the ideal complete image can be estimated by maximizing the posterior probability from the observed image. The maximization of the posterior probability from the original mask image (the mirrored fiber bundle imager structure) and the observed image (the sample image of the United States Air Force chart) has been performed by learning the image priors in the space of Markov random fields. By iteratively estimating the probability distribution, we reduced the noise effects from the mask image and recovered the ideal shape of the image. This method was efficient for automatically learning the sliding patch from the combination of projected kernels. The mask and observed images were obtained from en face images of the Fourier domain optical coherence tomography based on a common path interferometry scheme.     

The improved defects detection method of optical fiber winding

The paper discusses mainly how to check the defects such as fiber-stacking fiber-cut and fiber-uneven with an improved method in the process of fiber optic gyroscope coil winding. In the paper, it is aimed at the gray level image of optic fiber coil winding to get binary image using mathematical morphology and to get optic fiber position image using the improved moving target detection algorithm, on the base of the optic fiber position image, to figure out the relative position of adjacent optic fiber. Through the value of the relative position of adjacent optic fiber, the status of optic fiber winding can be estimated. Experimental results show that the entire image processing and defect detection method can effectively distinguish the defects in the process of optical fiber coil winding.     

An improved computing method for the image edge detection

The framework of detecting the image edge based on the sub-pixel multi-fractal measure (SPMM) is presented. The measure is defined, which gives the sub-pixel local distribution of the image gradient. The more precise singularity exponent of every pixel can be obtained by performing the SPMM analysis on the image. Using the singularity exponents and the multi-fractal spectrum of the image, the image can be segmented into a series of sets with different singularity exponents, thus the image edge can be detected automatically and easily. The simulation results show that the SPMM has higher quality factor in the image edge detection.     

基于Zernike正交矩的亚像素图像线宽测量算法

针对图像内的细窄线宽,提出了一种基于Zernike正交矩的亚像素图像线宽检测算法。该算法具有明确的几何模型,通过计算图像的2阶和4阶Zernike正交矩,推导出了亚像素线宽表达式。根据数字图像的离散性,给出了计算正交矩所需的模板系数,并分析了由离散性造成的原理误差。将所提出的亚像素线宽检测技术应用于安瓿内异物粒径的标定实验,结果表明:该算法可有效地测量弱小目标在图像中的亚像素线宽值,从而得到了异物粒径大小与亚像素线宽之间的标定曲线。     

一种基于相位相关的亚像素红外图像配准算法

图像匹配技术广泛应用于各种图像处理任务,如图像拼接、机器视觉等。通常匹配算法的精确度只能达到像素级别,但在很多图像处理任务如超分辨率重建中需要亚像素精度的图像配准。提出了一种基于相位相关的亚像素图像配准算法。根据两幅离散数字图像的相位相关矩阵中的最大值以及其附近若干点可以拟合估计出实际的峰值位置,进而实现两幅图像的亚像素运动估计。提出的算法针对热像仪采集的红外图像进行匹配实验,实验结果表明该算法精度相比通常的亚像素匹配算法较高,且具有更好的实用性。     

Multi-frame sub-pixel processing algorithm based on uncontrolled micro-scanning

For the uncontrolled micro-scanning where the displacement of image sequence is random, a sub-pixel processing algorithm based on boundary recursive and subsequent error optimization is proposed in this paper. Neighboring pixels are used to approximate the boundary pixels of the original image in the algorithm. Then the approximate error is optimized by the gray statistical principle. At last a sub-pixel image with high resolution is reconstructed. The results show that our algorithm is better than the general over-sample reconstruction algorithms and robust in different displacement situations.     

Image improvement based on sub-pixel post-integration for a staring imaging system in geostationary orbit

This paper proposes the post-integration technology based on sub-pixel image registration and image fusion to improve the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of remote sensing images without motion degradation caused by satellite vibration. A two-dimensional vibration system is set up to simulate satellite disturbance. Image sequences with different exposure times are captured using a high-speed CMOS camera. The displacement plots are compared with the motion data measured by the grating linear encoder. These plots indicate that the accuracy of the registration algorithm is better than 0.1 pixels. The sub-pixel image fusion shows an improvement in image quality, thus indicating that this technology is powerful for staring imaging systems in geostationary orbit.     

局部牛顿插值法提高多狭缝自准直仪准确度

根据多狭缝自准直仪目标物形状特征及光电探测器成像特点,通过边缘检测算法确定经过高斯滤波处理的CCD图像的像元级边界.在此基础上应用局部牛顿插值法对CCD图像边缘位置附近进行亚像元细分,实现亚像元边缘检测;再结合最小二乘直线边缘拟合法进一步提高图像边缘检测准确度.经验证,该算法可达到0.13″的定位准确度.     

基于超分辨率重建的图像增强算法研究

 为了提高图像分辨率,从软件的角度出发,对低分辨率图像序列重建高分辨率图像的原理和算法实现开展了研究,提出从多个低分辨率图像序列中获取更高分辨率图像的方法。通过采用基于光流场的金字塔分层结构实现由粗到精的图像配准,获取了亚像素的运动估计。在采用多帧低分辨率图像进行亚像素级配准后,提出采用动态自适应确定正则化参数的方法,构造了简单的正则化代价函数,建立了低分辨率图像与高分辨率图像之间关系的重建模型,仿真实验结果表明该超分辨率重建算法水平和垂直方向上分辨率各增加一倍,与其他算法相比清晰度更高,计算时间不到传统POCS算法的一半。     

基于特征匹配的快速鲁棒数字稳像

针对手持移动摄像装置拍摄视频序列相邻帧间存在平移、小角度旋转运动,而且易受噪声、光照变化的影响等问题,提出一种基于优化Oriented FAST and rotated BRIEF(ORB)特征匹配的实时鲁棒电子稳像算法。对相邻帧预处理后用Oriented FAST算子检测特征点,再用Rotated BRIEF描述提取的特征点并采用近邻汉明距离匹配特征点对,然后采用级联滤波去除误匹配点对,最后使用迭代最小二乘法(ILSM)拟合模型参量进行运动补偿实现稳像。图像匹配测试和稳像实验结果表明:基于改进的ORB算法的电子稳像方法补偿每一帧的时间均小于0.1 s,定位精度可达亚像素级,能有效补偿帧间平移旋转运动,而且对噪声和光照变化有较强鲁棒性。经稳像处理后,实拍视频质量明显提高,峰值信噪比（PSNR）平均提高了10 db。