共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
粒子图像测速技术(PIV)通过测量被测流场截面上每一位置点的速度,获得整个被测流场的信息.在PIV一般应用中所使用的照明激光片光与成像CCD装置的拍摄方向是垂直的,在某些应用场合受测试条件的限制,需要采用离轴方式进行测量,此时CCD成像方向与照明的激光片光不垂直,而是有一定夹角.离轴测试方式将对PIV系统的光学成像系统、示踪粒子选择和粒子图像处理带来影响.实验采用Scheimpflug离轴聚焦的方法对表面镀银高反射率的示踪粒子进行成像,通过调整成像透镜与CCD像面的夹角可获得清晰的粒子成像,并利用网格校正板和软件计算处理等方法有效校正了由于离轴测试带来的影响. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
《工程热物理学报》2021,42(9):2305-2315
较强的速度梯度大大限制了粒子图像测速技术(PIV)在近壁区域的测量精度。随着图像变形重采样技术的发展与推广,多重网格迭代变形算法(WIDIM)以及Interface-PIV的提出显著改善了这一问题,但其测量精度仍有进一步提高的空间。针对这一问题,本文发展了一种粒子图像预处理方法——镜像互换法,通过构造以壁面为基础的反对称流场,既能满足流场无滑移边界条件,同时又可维持正确的近壁面法向速度梯度,从而可以进一步提高无滑移壁面附近的速度测量精度与空间分辨率。与其他同类方法的对比结果表明,该方法大大降低了近壁速度的测量误差以及该区域的速度不确定度,并在压气机叶栅测量中得到了应用。 相似文献
5.
6.
讨论了粒子像的衍射晕分布并进行了计算机模拟,得出一个结论:当照相机相干传递函数的通带半宽度大于1.6倍粒子夫朗和费零级衍射环半径时,粒子像的自相关函数与照相机孔径无关,且粒子像有较尖锐的自相关峰和较小的衍射晕。这是PIV系统的最佳工作条件。 相似文献
7.
CCD电视系统实时位置测量的误差分析 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
本文就CCD电视摄像机对运动物体目标瞬时位置测量精度的几个问题进行讨论。文章首先分析了由于CCD成象器件结构特征和电子热噪音对目标位置测量精度的影响,给出位置测量误差与电视测量系统量化等级的关系,提出在保证一定测量精度下量化等级的选择原则。文章还分析了用普通电视摄象机组成的电视经纬仪测量运动目标位置的局限性,提出为获得较高的测量精度,选用高帧频电视摄象机的必要性。 相似文献
8.
9.
光场相机通过一次曝光能同时记录光场的辐射强度、位置及方向信息。本文利用单光场相机代替多相机系统记录三维流场图像,研究了一种基于光场成像理论的层析粒子图像测速(光场tomo-PIV)技术,用于三维流场3D-3C速度场的测量。在粒子场重建中,提出一种适用于光场相机的Multiplicative First Guess-Expectation Maximization(EM)层析重建技术。进行了数值模拟验证该算法的准确性。首先,利用光线追迹技术产生粒子的光场图像;然后利用MFG-MART反演光场图像重构出三维粒子场;最后,利用三维互相关技术计算3D-3C速度场分布,并对比分析了两种不同互相关窗口尺寸下的速度场精度。然后,搭建了基于单聚焦光场相机的tomo-PIV系统并开展了实验研究。数值模拟及实验结果表明所提出的方法能够用于3D-3C速度场的测量。 相似文献
10.
近场水下爆炸冲击波破坏双壳体潜艇外壳结构后,后续的气泡脉动和射流载荷会对潜艇的内壳体继续造成严重毁伤,因此研究破口附近的气泡脉动和气泡载荷特性具有重要意义。基于受冲击波毁伤后的双壳体潜艇结构,制作预制圆形破口的双层圆柱结构模型,将电火花装置作为气泡发生源,开展了不同爆距参数(爆距与气泡的最大直径之比)和不同破口参数(破口直径与气泡的最大直径之比)条件下气泡与带破口双层圆柱结构的相互作用实验。通过高速摄影机捕捉气泡在双层圆柱结构附近的脉动和射流形成过程,采用粒子图像测速技术对爆炸流场速度进行测试,得到气泡溃灭后产生的水射流速度,同时采用压力传感器测量内层圆柱壳壁面处的压力载荷。实验结果表明:爆距参数决定了内板壁面所受压力的载荷形式、气泡溃灭后是否产生有效射流以及产生的射流速度;当爆距参数在一定范围内时,破口参数影响气泡的脉动以及气泡溃灭后产生的水射流方向。
相似文献11.
《光子学报》2023,52(3):36-58
Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) has emerged as a major experimental technique for measuring the velocity fields of fluid flows. The approach produces quantitative representations of instantaneous flow patterns which are commonly used to help construct phenomenological models for complicated flows and validate numerical simulations. PIV analysis is beneficial in several fields of experimental fluid mechanics. Two-step processing, namely auto-correlation followed by cross-correlation, has been used as a means of examining spatio-temporal flow evolution. The vorticity measurements and estimates of the accuracy as a function of spatial resolution can be achieved. The development of PIV is linked to the gradual increase in the complexity and difficulty of measuring flow fields. PIV techniques for measurements have developed significantly and new trends have emerged. The key developments are stereoscopic PIV, tomographic PIV, large-scale PIV, micro PIV, 3D PIV, pedestrian PIV and the use of high-temporal/spatial-resolution devices. PIV has wide applications in various kinds of research fields, such as medical research, energy fuels, combustion, flow field measurement, real-time process monitoring, structure deformation, irrigation, acoustics, geology, oceanography, water resources, forestry, crowd monitoring, and mining mineral processing. To the best of our knowledge, there have been few literature reviews that comprehensively discuss industrial the aspects of PIV. This review mainly focuses on a comprehensive overview of the development of PIV in the laboratory, which needs to be implemented in industry and daily life by monitoring the real-time process for better understanding. This will lead to fast industrial processing as well as health. Using PIV to replace current analytical imaging techniques with enhanced temporal and special resolution has been discussed. In addition, it also provides a comparison between numerical simulation and previously available analytical techniques with PIV. 相似文献
12.
采用一台高重频、快上升沿纳秒脉冲电源作为激励源,对典型的双电极合成射流激励器进行放电,通过粒子图像测速法(particle image velocimetry,PIV)测量放电实验中激励器稳定流场特性以及发展速度.分析实验结果发现,随着重复频率的提高,合成射流的平均发展速度也随之增大,1 kHz时的平均速度最高达到28.28 m/s,并在单脉冲能量远低于微秒脉冲的情况下,实现了更快的稳态流场控制,表明高重复频率下,更多次数的脉冲放电可提高激励总能量,有效地弥补纳秒脉冲单脉冲输出能量不足的缺点.而且频率越高,流场发展速度越快,说明高重频工作模式会对输出总能量有补偿作用. 相似文献
13.
14.
Air pollution caused by particles with small size has been a global concern because of threats to human health. A feasible way to remove these super fine suspended particles is using electrostatic precipitation technology. Herein, the PIV was used to measure the particle velocity distribution. By analyzing the particle motion trend in high electric field, a process of particle charging loss was observed. This phenomenon cannot be explained by current particle charging theories. Our conclusions may improve the understanding of particle charging processes. 相似文献
15.
16.
S.Z. Shuja 《Optics & Laser Technology》2011,43(4):767-775
The flow field developed in the laser produced melt pool is investigated and the influence of the Marangoni effect on temperature field is examined. The experiment is carried out to trace the solidified melt pool geometry and the heating is simulated in line with the experimental conditions to predict the melt size in the irradiated region. In the simulations, the control volume approach is used incorporating the Marangoni effect. The enthalpy-porosity method is adopted to account for the phase change in the irradiated region. The study is extended to include the influence of the laser intensity parameter (β) on temperature and the flow field in the melt pool. It is found that the melt pool geometry and the flow field in the melt pool is influenced by the laser intensity parameter. In this case, the number of circulation cell formed in the melt pool is doubled for the intensity parameter 0.4≤β≤0.6. The predictions of the melt pool geometry agree well with the experimental data. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
Use of rigid-body motion for the investigation and estimation of the measurement errors related to digital image correlation technique 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
The aim of this work is to investigate the sources of errors related to digital image correlation (DIC) technique applied to strain measurements. The knowledge of such information is important before the measured kinematic fields can be exploited. After recalling the principle of DIC, some sources of errors related to this technique are listed. Both numerical and experimental tests, based on rigid-body motion, are proposed. These tests are simple and easy-to-implement. They permit to quickly assess the errors related to lighting, the optical lens (distortion), the CCD sensor, the out-of-plane displacement, the speckle pattern, the grid pitch, the size of the subset and the correlation algorithm. The errors sources that cannot be uncoupled were estimated by amplifying their contribution to the global error. The obtained results permit to address a classification of the error related to the used equipment. The paper ends by some suggestions proposed in order to minimize the errors. 相似文献