共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 76 毫秒
1.
线粒体体外代谢热动力学研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
线粒体是细胞重要的细胞器之一,有细胞的“能源工厂”之称.因为线粒体内有许多酶,是特殊的酶催化氧化反应的场所山;所有动、植物细胞的线粒体都能通过各种营养物的氧化而产生“富能”物质ATP.采用一定的技术可将线粒体从细胞中分离出来,分离出来的线粒体中的酶系统还有一定的活性,而且线粒体内也有一定的营养物质,这样酶系统就能利用这些营养物进行代谢,从而释放出一定的能量.我们用微量热法对两种鱼肝脏线粒体进行了测量,发现线粒体代谢过程分四个阶段:停滞期、活性恢复期、稳定期、活性衰减期.在活性恢复期和活性衰减期,… 相似文献
2.
首次将微量热用于亚细胞层次的研究,测定了鲤鱼肝脏线粒体和亚线粒体代谢的热谱及其漆树漆酶的影响,并用MTD方程和演化计算技术对它们的代谢热动力学参数进行了全局优化。 相似文献
3.
量热法研究线粒体代谢的热力学和动力学行为 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5
线粒体是细胞中极为重要的细胞器,是产生细胞所必需的“富能”物质ATP的重要场所,为细胞活动提供所需化学能.在生命体能量代谢过程中除一部分能量用于合成ATP外,其余则以热的形式释出.用精密热量计测出线粒体代谢过程中的热量输出对了解线粒体的功能和代谢机制具有十分重要的意义.用微量热法研究线粒体体外代谢已有一些报导[‘,’].本工作用精密热量计和差式扫描量热仪侧定了水稻线粒体体外代谢热谱和DSC曲线,计算了水稻线粒体活性增长速率常数,比较了不同保藏时间的水稻线粒体体外代谢的差异,并初步探讨了水稻线粒体在变… 相似文献
4.
5.
营养缺陷型酿酒酵母AY生长代谢的热动力学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用微量热法研究了尿嘧啶缺陷型酿酒酵母AY,和该菌株分别经穿梭质粒pYLZ2、重组质粒pYLZ2/f27、pYLZ2/622转化的3种菌株的生长代谢热动力学.尿嘧啶缺陷型酿酒酵母AY在基本培养基中不生长,没有代谢热效应产生,而在葡萄糖蛋白胨培养基和丰富营养培养基(YPD)中生长,并且在YPD中生长最好;向基本培养基中加入尿嘧啶后,AY能够生长,而且随着尿嘧啶浓度的增加,其生长速率常数增大;经质粒转化的3个菌株均能在基本培养基中生长,代谢产热曲线各不相同,与转入质粒的结构、功能密切相关.研究结果表明了各菌株遗传特征的差异. 相似文献
6.
细菌有限生长热动力学研究 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
在有限的生长空间内和营养条件下,细胞是无法实现无限生长的.细胞在发展初期,由于本身还不够强大,增大的速率比较低;而发展到后期,又由于衰老和环境的制约,增长速率降低,甚至停滞下来.只有在发展中期,才处于增殖高峰,增长速率较快.细胞群体增殖速率经历“慢一快一慢”的变化过程,导致了生长曲线是一条S型变化曲线[‘,’].对于细菌的生长,只有局部、短时间内符合指数生长特征*,对于整个生长过程中是不符合的,对干理论的有限生长曲线,可设计三种方程式*,以适合有限生长曲线的特征:单分子、自催化或简单逻辑、Gomner… 相似文献
7.
水稻线粒体能量释放的量热研究*周培疆**(新疆大学化学系乌鲁木齐830046)谢昌礼屈松生周涵韬***凌杏元朱英国(武汉大学化学系武汉大学生命科学学院武汉430072)关键词水稻线粒体能量释放量热热力学动力学中图分类号O642.03线粒体是真核细胞中... 相似文献
8.
用微量热法研究了尿嘧啶缺陷型酿酒酵母AY,和该菌株分别经穿梭质粒pYLZ-2、重组质粒pYLZ-2/f27、pYLZ-2/622转化的3种菌株的生长代谢热动力学.尿嘧啶缺陷型酿酒酵母AY在基本培养基中不生长,没有代谢热效应产生,而在葡萄糖蛋白胨培养基和丰富营养培养基(YPD)中生长,并且在YPD中生长最好;向基本培养基中加入尿嘧啶后,AY能够生长,而且随着尿嘧啶浓度的增加,其生长速率常数增大;经质粒转化的3个菌株均能在基本培养基中生长,代谢产热曲线各不相同,与转入质粒的结构、功能密切相关.研究结果表明了各菌株遗传特征的差异. 相似文献
9.
10.
Metabolic thermogenic curves of mitochondria isolated from liver tissue of Carassius auratus and the effect of different concentration of NaAsO2 on it were investigated by TAM air isothermal microcalorimeter, ampoule method, at 28.00 ℃. From the thermogenic curves, activity recovery rate constants k, the maximum heat production rate (Pmax) and the total heat produced (Q) were obtained. The values of k and Pmax decline gradually with the increase of the concentration of NaAsO2, and both of the values of Pmax and k are highly correlated to the concentration of NaAsO2. When concentration of NaAsO2 reached 16.0 μg/mL, the maximum heat production rate dropped to 70.8% of the control group, and the corresponding percentage of k was 71.4% of the control group. This experimental result indicates that the addition of NaAsO2 has restrained the metabolic activities of mitochondria in vitro. 相似文献
11.
盐生盐杆菌生长过程热动力学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用 LKB2 2 77生物活性检测系统测定了盐生盐杆菌 R1、J7、S9以及 R1和 J7的融合子 F9生长的产热功率曲线 .根据曲线的特征 ,建立了古生菌生长过程的热动力学方程 :ln[P· ( 1 -P/Pm) r- 1 ]=ln[P0 · ( 1 -P0 /Pm) r- 1 ]+k· t.由此求得了盐生盐杆菌的生长速率常数 ,并对此模型和融合子 F9的生长进行了讨论 .该热动力学方程描述了一系列非理想的细菌生长过程的产热功率曲线 ,并将其与经典的指数式生长模型和 lo-gistic模型进行了比较 ,它具有更广泛的适用性 .首次报道了微量热技术在古生菌中的应用 相似文献
12.
细胞动力学研究 II.产物抑制生长过程的热动力学 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
By using an LKB2277 Bioactivity Monitor, we have determined the thermogenesis power curves of four kinds of Brucellas S2(55007), M5 (55009),83-202,83-980. And established the thermokinetic equation for the process of cell growth inhibited by the products of metabolism, as:
Ln[1/(β﹒Pt)-1]=ln[1/(β﹒P0)-1]-k0﹒t
From this equation, the rate constants of cell growth k [= k0(1 - β﹒P0)] were obtained. This thermokinetic equation is very suitable for cell growth of separated culture and is very important for the study of bacterial limited growth and their characteristics. 相似文献
Ln[1/(β﹒Pt)-1]=ln[1/(β﹒P0)-1]-k0﹒t
From this equation, the rate constants of cell growth k [= k0(1 - β﹒P0)] were obtained. This thermokinetic equation is very suitable for cell growth of separated culture and is very important for the study of bacterial limited growth and their characteristics. 相似文献
13.
为了探究线粒体的能量代谢过程,本文以离体大鼠肝脏线粒体为模型,利用多通道、高灵敏度的热活性检测仪TAM Ⅲ,实时监测了不同线粒体浓度、不同底物、不同缓冲液、几种呼吸抑制剂以及Ca2+和线粒体渗透转换孔抑制剂CsA存在时线粒体的能量代谢,获得了完整的热功率―时间曲线,并通过计算得到了线粒体能量代谢的热动力学参数。通过分析发现:(1)线粒体浓度越大,代谢越快;(2)直接底物琥珀酸钠使线粒体代谢更快;(3)高浓度Ca2+能够刺激线粒体快速产热,且在长期代谢进程中,线粒体渗透转换孔抑制剂CsA并不能改变Ca2+造成的影响;(4)不同缓冲液对线粒体代谢的影响基于其组分的不同,缓冲液中含有呼吸底物;(5)呼吸抑制剂都能抑制线粒体的能量代谢,尤其是复合物IV的抑制剂NaN3,高浓度下使代谢停止。 相似文献
14.
细胞动力学研究IV.细菌非理想生长过程的热动力学 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
By using LKB2277 Bioactivity Monitor, we have determined the thermogenesis power curves of four kinds of bacteria: Brucella M5(55010), 83-980, 83-981 and E. coli. We have also derived the thermokinetic equation for the process of bacterial growth, which was untypical "S" , unideal growth, as:
Ln[P•(1-P/Pm)?-1]=ln[P0•(1-P0/Pm)?-1]+kt
From this equation, the rate constants of bacterial growth k wore obtained. This thermokinetic equation is very suitable for cell growth of separated culture, in which the thermogenesis curve is untypical. The model propoted by equationl(1) has been compared with the exponential and logistic models. This thermokinetic equation is very significant for the study of bacterial limited growth and their characteristics. 相似文献
Ln[P•(1-P/Pm)?-1]=ln[P0•(1-P0/Pm)?-1]+kt
From this equation, the rate constants of bacterial growth k wore obtained. This thermokinetic equation is very suitable for cell growth of separated culture, in which the thermogenesis curve is untypical. The model propoted by equationl(1) has been compared with the exponential and logistic models. This thermokinetic equation is very significant for the study of bacterial limited growth and their characteristics. 相似文献
15.
热动力学方法的研究(Ⅱ)——流动混合法的理论和方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对流动体系物理模型的分析,推导出在LKB2277生物活性检测仪上,采用流动混合方式进样条件下适用的热功率与流速关系,并用计算机回归分析处理,同时求出反应的反应焓变和速率常数.将此方法运用于乙酸乙酯的皂化反应,得到了满意的结果. 相似文献
16.
Microcalorimetric studies on catalase reaction and inhibition of catalase by cyanide ion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
As Chance et al. [1, 2 and 3] proposed, the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by catalase is an overall first-order reaction. In this paper, we have studied this enzyme-catalyzed reaction with a thermokinetic method. The rate constant and the molar reaction enthalpy of this reaction have been measured. At 310.15 K and pH=8.2, kcat=1.75×106 l mol−1 s−1, ΔrHm=88.99 kJ mol−1. Furthermore, we have studied the competitive inhibition of catalase by cyanide ion and reported some correlated parameters. 相似文献