在超声分子束条件下Mn2(CO)10的多光子电离解离

近年来，人们对具有金属－金属键的Mn2（CO）10分子的光解离电离动力学的研究十分关注．这一方面是由于其独特的分子结构可以获得丰富的光化学及其化学性质方面的信息；另一方面从其结构和光活性之间的关系，有助于了解双核金属有机化合物在催化反应中所起的作用．Leutwyler和Even[1]曾在超声分子来条件下，用脉冲染料激光实现了Mn2（CO）10的多光子电离解离（MPID）过程，获得Mni＋（i＝1，2，3）金属碎片离子．Lichin等人[2]曾用511nm和483nm激光引起Mn2（CO）10的气相多光子解离和电离，测得产物中除了Mn＋，Mn2＋和MnCO＋离子…     

醋酸十二铵的吸附和SiO2悬浮液的稳定性

（1）测定了醋酸十二烷基铵（DAA）在CAB－O－SIL上的吸附，其等温线属双平台或LS型[1－3，5]；（2）NaCl的存在使DAA的吸附增加．但不影响其低浓度下第一平台的吸附量；HCl的存在则在全浓度范围内抑制了DAA的吸附，（3）测定了CAB－O－SIL颗粒在上述各溶液中的悬浮液的稳定性；（4）根据表面形成小胶团的吸附理论（即二步模型产）[2，3，5，]，并借助电导跟踪溶液中发生的变化，满意地解释了吸附和聚沉的实验结果．     

乳浊液及悬浮液进样-火焰原子光谱法测定金施尔康中的微量元素

金施尔康也称多维生素片，含有人体所必需的多种维生素及微量元素。文献[1]用离了色谱法测定了其中的铜、锰、锌。本研究已将悬浮液进样及乳浊液进样技术应用于火焰原子光谱法，用悬浮液进样法测定了粮食、茶叶、中草药及石油中的一些微量元素^[2-7]。此两种进样技术具有操作简便、快速、无污染、不会引起被测元素挥发损失等特点。将这两种技术相结合来处理样品还未见报道。本文用（1＋1）硝酸加热至沸溶解样品中的可溶有机物及无机元素，使95％以上的样品组分转入酸溶液中，再加入乳化剂OP溶液及邻苯二甲酸二甲酯将极少量的不溶物制成乳浊液及悬浮液，全过程仅需数分钟。     

La3+,Sr2+置换对Ca[(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.6Ti0.4]O3陶瓷微波介电性能的影响

研究了La^3＋，Sr^2＋置换对Ca[（Mg1/3Nb2/3）0.6Ti0.4]O3陶瓷微观结构与微波介电性能的影响。研究结果表明：La^3＋，Sr^2＋置换改性Ca[（Mg1/3Nb2/3）0.6Ti0.4]O3系列陶瓷均形成了单一正交系的钙钛矿结构；随着置换量的增加，La^3＋改性Ca[（Mg1/3Nb2/3）0.6Ti0.4]O3陶瓷的介电常数、介电损耗下降，同时谐振频率温度系数向正的方向移动，而Sr^2＋改性陶瓷则表现出相反的规律，其主要原因在于La^3＋，Sr^2＋置换所引起Ca[（Mg1/3Nb2/3）0.6TiO4]O3陶瓷内部氧八面体结构变化上的差异。     

样品化学环境对激光质谱的影响

本文从三个方面研究了样品化学环境对激光解吸质谱行为的影响，利用ＮＣ膜对水溶液的吸附作用并以此为基底，研究了水溶液中中性分子Ｎ，Ｎ，Ｎ’，Ｎ’－四甲基－１，４苯二胺（ＴＭＰＤ）（电子供体）与苯醌（ＢＱ）（电子受体）之间的电荷转移对质谱图分子离子峰强度的影响；并用此法对４－氨基－ｎ－丁酸和２－萘酚的ＰＫ值进行测定；同时也研究了镁、铜和钴四苯基卟啉化合物在弱酸性的固相基体中激光质谱行为。研究结果说明了化学环境对激光质谱行为的密切关联。     

含有机硅三元多嵌段共聚物表面的研究

对聚砜（PSF）、聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）和聚对羟基苯乙烯（PHS）的三元多嵌段共聚物[PSF－PDMS－PHS]n的形态和表面组成进行了研究，结果表明溶液成膜后，组成不同的聚合物样品的表面都有有机硅（PDMS）的富集．在用溶剂处理后，富集于膜表面的有机硅含量与所用溶剂的溶度参数有关，一般均下降，但是用水处理后，表面层有机硅的含量却增加     

TiO2的联吡啶-钌化合物敏化及电子转移过程

用飞秒时间分辨的泵浦一探测方法对两种联吡啶-钌化合物[3，3'－（LL）]_2Ru(NCS)_2和[4，4'－（LL）]_2Ru（NCS）_2敏化体系的光吸收、电子注入（injection）及电子-空穴复合（recombination）动力学过程作了研究．提出了一个简单有效的计算模型，通过计算拟合得出两种敏化体系的电子注入均在50fs内完成。最后还对光电流谱作了研究，对影响光电转换效率（incidentphoton-to-currentef-ficiency(IPCE))的各种因素作了讨论.结果对太阳光的电能转换和太阳能电池的制作有一定的意义。     

天然物6—正戊基吡喃—2—酮（6PP）的全合成

6-正戊基吡喃-2-酮（1）首先被确认为桃子香精中的一个组分[1]，而后又发现是一系列真菌，如Trichodermaharzianum[2]、Trichodermaviride[3]等的代谢物．6PP具有典型的可可香味[4]，并具有抗真菌的性质，它显著地抑制诸如Verticilliumdahliae、V．fungicolaPyra－noechaetalysopersici等多种真菌的生长．空气中高浓度的6PP可影响莴苣种子的萌芽、生长[5]．我们以廉价易得的糠醛（2）为原料，经5步反应合成了天然物1：仪器：FT－170SX型红外光谱仪，涂膜法；FT－80A或BrukerAM400型核磁共振仪，TMS为内标，CDCl3作溶剂，ZAB－HS…     

O2气中激光烧蚀Ta2O5产物离子的氧化反应

Ta2O5薄膜作为电容元件材料的替代品已在微电子等领域中显示出广阔的应用前景[1]．脉冲激光沉积（PLD）法制备Ta2O5薄膜以其显著的优点引起了广泛重视[2，3]．而对激光烧蚀的物理化学过程的认识是完善这一方法的重要前提．我们曾采用时间分辨与角分辨飞行四极质谱[4]和发光光谱技术[5]较系统地研究了激光烧蚀Ta2O5产生的羽状物的组成和特征，并认为在O2气氛中沉积Ta2O5薄膜可以改善甚至避免形成缺氧的薄膜．但由于上述实验方法上的限制，未能详细考察激光烧蚀Ta2O5生成的离子产物在O2气氛中发生的氧化反应．为了研究激光烧蚀产物离子…     

含手性膦配体和邻巯基氧化吡啶配体的金,钯配合物的2D NMR研究

对含手性膦配体甲基-3-脱氧-3－（二苯膦基）－4，6-氧-苄叉基-a-D-吡喃阿卓糖苷（3－MBPA）和甲基-2-脱氧-2－（二苯膦基）－4，6-氧-苄叉基-a－D-吡喃阿卓糖苷（2－MN-PA）及邻巯基氧化吡啶配体mpo的金配合物An[（3－MBPA）（mpo）]（1）、An[（2－MBPA）（mpo）]（2）和钯配合物Pd[（3－MBPA）（mpo）C1]（3）、Pd[（2－MBPA）（mpo）-C1]（4）进行1H和13CNMR谱测定，利用一维和二维NMR技术归属了所有的1H和13CNMR谱线，结果表明：配体MBPA与金属配伍的是P原子，糖苷上H－5的化学位移变化最大，而且与配位金属的种类有关；配体mpo以单齿形式与金属配位时，是S原子参与配位。     

Dependence of the Rate of Electrodeposition of Metals at Mono- and Multielectrodes on Voltage in the Case of an Exaltation Mechanism of Mass Transport

Dependences of the rate of copper deposition on mono- and multielectrodes out of dilute solutions of acetic acid at voltages of 20–250 V are compared. It is established that the same rate of deposition in the case of a multielectrode (25 electrodes with a diameter of 0.1 mm) takes place at a voltage that is lower by 2.7 times than that in the case of a monoelectrode with a diameter of 0.5 mm and the same area. The same results are obtained during electrodeposition of cadmium and thallium. In order to explain this effect, a two-layered model of potential distribution is suggested. In accordance with this model, the resistance of electrolyte in the vicinity of a multielectrode is equal to the sum of the resistance of the layer nearest to the electrode (where it is determined by the sum of conductances to each microelectrode) and the external layer, where the potential distribution is close to hemispherical. It is shown that calculations in accordance with this model allow one to give an estimate of the effect's scale that agrees with experiment and to predict its possible limits following an increase in the number of electrodes that make up a multielectrode.     

渣油悬浮床加氢水溶性催化剂预硫化研究 Ⅱ 钼酸盐硫化产物的XPS分析

通过XPS分析法对钼酸盐的硫化行为进行了考察,分别考察了四价钼物种质量分数和硫钼元素的质量分数比，发现硫化产物的表面化学组成中四价钼质量分数和硫钼元素质量分数比不成正比，证实了该产物表面钼的硫化物不完全以MoS2形式存在。未经过临氢加热的硫化产物表面的四价钼物种的质量分数显著低于经过临氢加热的样品的质量分数，说明临氢加热在钼酸盐的硫化过程中起了重要作用。氯化铵是钼酸盐硫化过程中有效的助硫化剂，当它的用量增大时，硫化产物表面四价钼的质量分数也增大。以蒽为探针，使用化学探针法测定了硫化产物在渣油加氢过程中的催化活性，发现随着氯化铵用量的增加，产物的催化活性也相应提高，印证了XPS测定结果。     

Potentiometric determination of free acidity in presence of hydrolysable ions and a sequential determination of hydrazine

A simple potentiometric method for the determination of free acidity in presence of hydrolysable ions and sequential determination of hydrazine is developed and described. Both free acid and hydrazine are estimated from the same aliquot. In this method, free acid is titrated with standard sodium carbonate solution after the metal ions in solutions are masked with EDTA. Once the end point for the free acid is determined at pH 3.0, an aliquot of formaldehyde is added to liberate the acid equivalent to hydrazine which is then titrated with the same standard sodium carbonate solution using an automatic titration system. The described method is simple, accurate and reproducible. This method is especially applicable to all ranges of nitric acid and heavy metal ion concentration relevant to Purex process used for nuclear fuel reprocessing. The overall recovery of nitric acid is 98.9% with 1.2% relative standard deviation. Hydrazine content has also been determined in the same aliquot with a recovery of nitric acid is 99% with 2% relative standard deviation. The major advantage of the method is that generation of corrosive analytical wastes containing oxalate or sulphate is avoided. Valuable metals like uranium and plutonium can easily be recovered from analytical waste before final disposal.     

Effects of slip on the viscosity of polymer melts

We use existing scaling theories by de Gennes, Brochard, and Ajdari to calculate the apparent viscosity of multilayer blends with weakly entangled interfaces. The lowering of the apparent viscosity with respect to the bulk is a manifestation of interfacial slip. The theoretical predictions are compared with the recent experimental data of Zhao and Macosko. The theory is able to describe a continuous transition from a low-slip regime to a high-slip regime when the bulk rheology is still Newtonian, in agreement with experiments. However, the dependence of the apparent viscosity on the shear rate and layer thicknesses is much stronger than what is observed experimentally. The apparent viscosity is also calculated for dilute polymer emulsions. We modify a theory of Palierne, which is valid in the linear viscoelastic regime for the bulk, to include the effects of interfacial slip. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1888–1904, 2004     

Application of monolayer engineering for immobilization of penicillin G acylase

Present communication is concerned with the application of monolayer engineering, in particular of ‘protective plate’ technique, for the fabrication of alternate-layer assemblies based on enzyme penicillin G acylase. Several structures are compared with each other. The deposited films are tested to determine the values of enzymatic activity and the level of protein detachment in aqueous solutions. As the result, the deposition procedure is found, which enables to obtain biocatalytic media with enhanced performances. The biocatalyst efficiency is proved by three independent techniques including direct yield determination with HPLC. The advantage of applied method of enzyme immobilization with respect to other techniques is demonstrated.     

用红外光谱法测定环烷酸纯度的研究

环烷酸是一类带有碳环结构的一元羧酸,是以各种不同分子量的一元羧酸的混合物存在于石油中．将石油各馏分精炼过程的碱洗废液,经过酸处理,就制得工业环烷酸．工业环烷酸中环烷酸含量是环烷酸最重要的一个理化指标,在红外光谱上,环烷酸的羧基在1700cm^-1附近有一极强的特征吸收峰,并且吸收不受样品中其它组分的干扰．因此,红外光谱是快速准确测定工业环烷酸中环烷酸含量较为理想的方法．     

Improving the predictive quality of time-dependent density functional theory calculations of the X-ray emission spectroscopy of organic molecules

The simulation of X-ray emission spectra of organic molecules using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is explored. TDDFT calculations using standard hybrid exchange-correlation functionals in conjunction with large basis sets can predict accurate X-ray emission spectra provided an energy shift is applied to align the spectra with experiment. The relaxation of the orbitals in the intermediate state is an important factor, and neglect of this relaxation leads to considerably poorer predicted spectra. A short-range corrected functional is found to give emission energies that required a relatively small energy shift to align with experiment. However, increasing the amount of Hartree–Fock exchange in this functional to remove the need for any energy shift led to a deterioration in the quality of the calculated spectral profile. To predict accurate spectra without reference to experimental measurements, we use the CAM-B3LYP functional with the energy scale determined with reference to a Δself-consistent field calculation for the highest energy emission transition.     

The effect of reaction time on the chain structure of poly(p-phenylene) and a study of doping with FeCl3

This paper deals with the relation between polymerization time and poly(p-phenylene) (PPP) yield in the synthesis of PPP by the Kovacic method. It is found that the reaction is uniform in the polymerization time range of less than 2 hr, with a PPP yield of up to about 60%, and then the yield increases a little with an increase of polymerization time. It has been found from the infrared spectra that the mainchain structure of PPP obtained from different polymerization times is exactly the same without orthoand meta-polymers. However there is a chlorine substitution for hydrogen on the phenyl rings, and the substitution quantity increases with the extension of reaction time. The reason why there is a great difference in conductivity appears with FeCl₃ doping is also studied, and we find it is related to different degrees of rinsing in the doping process.     

A collaborative study of four methods of assay of benzylpenicillin

The assay of benzylpenicillin by iodimetric titration, spectrophotometry with a mercury(II) chloride—imidazole reagent, titration with mercury(II) nitrate in acetate buffer solution, and titration with mercury(II) perchlorate in aqueous pyridine solution, was examined in four laboratories. The first two methods were applied to two samples (the third one being the reference sample), the mercury(II) nitrate titration to three, and the mercury(II) perchlorate method to two samples. The four methods gave very similar results, but the purity obtained with the mercury(II) perchlorate method was slightly lower, and this procedure is less desirable because pyridine is used as solvent. There were no great differences in the relative standard deviations of the four methods. The titration with mercury(II) nitrate is preferred because it is an absolute method.