Nucleation of an MTG YBa2Cu3Oy

The kinetics of the appearance of the superconducting 123 phase in partially melted at 1200 °C YBCO samples has been studied in the temperature range of low undercoolings from 1040 °C to 920 °C. An EDS analysis of the phases formed at different stages of the cooling of the melt has been performed and the experimental conditions for crystallization of 123 phase with finely dispersed 211 phase in it have been established. The results have been interpreted in terms of the classical theory of nucleation and they have been applied to the MTG process for formation of highly textured YBa₂Cu₃O_y materials.     

Evidence for Superconductivity in Nb2SC0.90 Carbosulfide

Abstract

Evidence for bulk superconductivity in Nb₂SC_0.90 carbosulfide is presented. Diamagnetic volume fraction of Nb₂SC_0.90 was precisely determined with low applied magnetic fields which were corrected by 6N lead rod as an internal standard. Based on magnetic field dependence of magnetic moment at several constant temperature's below T_C = 5 K, Nb₂SC_0.90 is found to be a type II superconductor with relatively high H _C2 and low H_C1.     

Transport and Electrochemical Properties of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 Superconductors

Abstract

Electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power measurements (77–300K) of both the pure and electrochemically doped with lithium Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ system, are presented. Clear correlation between transport and electrochemical properties of Li_xBi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ was shown.     

Growth Kinetics of High-Tc and Low-Tc Phases in Bi2-xPbxCa2Sr2Cu3Oy Superconducting Compounds

Superconducting samples of the composition Bi_2-xPb_xCa₂Sr₂Cu₃O_y (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) are prepared by co-decomposition of metal nitrates. DTA, TGA, density, and porosity studies have been performed on these samples. Characterisation techniques like XRD, SEM, EDXA, d.c. resistance, and a.c. magnetic susceptibility have been employed to study the growth of High-T_c (HTP) and Low-T_c (LTP) phases upon lead substitution for bismuth. Results have revealed the growth of HTP with increase in Pb conc. up to x = 0.3. Further increase in Pb appears to results in the deterioration of HTP resulting in the formation of LTP and Ca₂PbO₄ impurity phase. Transport critical current density (J_c) measurements performed on the samples indicate that Pb doping followed by densification remarkably improves the current carrying capacity of the materials.     

Superconductivity of Annealed and Consolidated Amorphous YNi2B2C Powders

Amorphous YNi₂B₂C powders have been produced by mechanical attrition. Superconductivity is absent in the amorphous state but recovers upon crystallization. However, the superconducting transition temperature TC is lower than that of the melted analogue. TC can be increased by increasing the annealing temperature. High temperature compaction leads to dense bulk superconducting samples. TC of these bulk samples can be optimised by annealing. Variations in TC are attributed to deviations from stoichiometry. Contamination of the powders with WC wear debris upon annealing may deteriorate the superconducting properties.     

Superconductivity in (TMTSF)2Clo4 at Zero Pressure

The organic charge transfer salt di-tetramethyl-tetraselenafulvalenium perchlorate becomes superconducting with transition temperatures from 0.9-1.4 kelvin. We compare our results to those of other groups and discuss possible reasons for the observed differences. Preliminary results are given for an alloy with the corresponding perrhenate.     

Mg1-xNaxB2的结构和超导特性研究

在Ar气保护条件下,采用烧结扩散反应法制备了不同钠含量的Mg1-xNaxB2块状样品.用X射线衍射及SQUID磁强计对样品进行了分析.X射线衍射检测结果表明样品中除了MgO杂相之外,主要为晶态MgB2物相.SQUID测量结果表明:钠的掺入仅使MgB2超导转变温度稍有降低.同时发现在样品的烧制过程中,多于化学计量比的Mg粉并没有影响到超导的转变温度及转变温度的宽度.     

Resistance and inductance studies of Bi2−xPbxCa2Sr2Cu3Oy superconducting compounds

Bi_2−xPb_xCa₂Sr₂Cu₃O_y compounds with (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3 and 0.4) were prepared by solid state reaction. The resistance and inductance results showed that transition temperature increases with increase in lead concentration. The highest value of T_c(0) observed is 109 K for Bi_1.70Pb_0.30Ca₂Sr₂ · Cu₃O_y. The change of inductance per unit volume at liquid nitrogen temperature as a function of composition showed maximum change in x = 0.30 Pb-doped sample. The results showed that the inductance change is maximum in samples which also showed highest T_c.     

光学浮区法生长Bi2Sr(Ca)2Co2Oy晶体及电输运性质研究

采用光学浮区法生长了层状过渡金属氧化物Bi2Sr2-xCazCo2Oy(x=0,2)晶体.通过XRD,SEM和TEM结构表征,表明了生长的晶体为层状晶体,并确定了晶体生长的方向垂直与c轴.研究了晶体的热电性能,包括Bi2Ca2Co2Oy和Bi2Sr2Co2Oy晶体ab面的Seeback系数和电阻率,表明了Bi2Ca2Co2Oy具有较好的热电势和电导,并分析了电输运性能与晶体失配结构的关系.     

The Polytypoidic Structure of the High-Tc Superconducting System Bi2Sr2Can–1CunO2n+4 and its Superconductivity

The polytypoidic structures in the Bi-system of superconductors characterized by X-ray, electron diffraction and TEM technique are described. A strong incommensurate modulated diffraction was observed by these methods in the 2223-phase. In addition, we revealed the Laue streaks for the one-dimensional disorder, the banded structure perpendicular to the c-axis. We suppose that the intergrowth is an indication of the displacement in the Bi-O layers. It is evident that the polytypoidic concept allows us to describe the structure and physical properties of these superconducting phases in a unified manner. So it is shown that the polytypoidism is a general feature of the Bi-system materials.     

The Phase Formation,Solid Solution Range and Substitution of La for Ba in La1+zBa2‐zCu3Oy

The phase formation, solid solution range and the substitution of La for Ba in La_1+zBa_2‐zCu₃O_y (La123) system are investigated systematically for obtaining and understanding the optimum condition to prepare La123 superconductors with higher Tc. The solid solution ranges of La_1+zBa_2‐zCu₃O_y are z=0.20‐0.70 in air and z=0 in N₂. Atmosphere of air or O₂ is favourable for the substitution of La for Ba. The substitution is suppressed when La_1+zBa_2‐zCu₃O_y are sintered and cooled in N₂ . It is found that sintering and cooling procedure in N₂ atmosphere is one key procedure to prepare single phase high‐quality LaBa₂Cu₃O_y superconductor with higher Tc.     

Superconductivity in the Organic Charge Transfer Salts: (TMTSF)2X and (TMTTF)2X

Abstract

We report pressure dependent studies of the a-axis resistivity as a function of temperature for several members of the isostructural families of organic charge transfer salts, (TMTSF)₂X and (TMTTF) ₂X. For a typical (TMTSF)₂X material the low temperature metal-insulator transition seen at 1 bar is suppressed above some critical pressure, P_c, where a superconducting transition is observed near 1 K. We find a correlation between P_c and the ambient pressure c lattice parameter which reflects the anion size. The (TMTTF) _cX salts exhibit very different ambient pressure behaviour but we find that with the application of sufficiently high pressures (～30 kbar) their behaviour resembles that seen in the (TMTSF)₂X family but at lower pressures. In particular we find evidence of a possible superconducting transition near 4 K in (TMTTF)₂Br at 25 kbar. At this pressure the conductivity near 4 K is extremely high with a value approaching 10⁶ (Ωcm)^?1 and the resistivity ratio is about 400.     

Dielectric relaxation and morphologic properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 doped with GeO2

CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (CCTO) is a material with giant dielectric constant, presenting good stability over a wide temperature and frequency ranges. The preparation method and doping has a great influence on the microstructure and dielectric properties of this material. In this work, doping CCTO with 2–10 wt% GeO₂ has been shown to increase the dielectric constant. We studied the prepared samples by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and impedance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction shows the presence of nanocristals. Grains and grain boundaries compositions have been observed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry mapping. Impedance spectroscopy measurements, in the frequency range from 75 kHz to 30 MHz, and temperature from 250 to 325 K, have been performed. The data were analyzed using the Cole–Cole model of dielectric relaxation.     

Anisotropy of High-Temperature Superconductivity in the (100) Plane of YBa2Cu3O7 Film

Crystallography Reports - A film of high-temperature superconductor (HTSC) YBa2Cu3O7 has been grown on the (100) crystallographic plane of SrLaGaO4 crystal using pulse laser deposition. An...     

Possibility of Coexistence of Spin Density Wave and Superconductivity in Organic Conductor (TMTSF)2PF6

A theory for the coexistence problem of the spin density wave (SDW) and superconductivity (SC) in highly anisotropic materials is presented. On the basis of a simplified electronic band model a Hartree-Fock approximation is applied. It is concluded that SDW is precluded when SC developes at a higher temperature. When the SDW onset temperature is higher than that of SC, these long range orders generally coexist unless two orders interchange by a first order phase transition. Discussions on possible phase diagrams for (TMTSF)₂PF₆ under pressure are given.     

One Dimensional Organic Superconductivity in (TMTSF)2PF6 and (TMTSF)2C104 Detected Via Tunnel Spectroscopy

Electron tunnelling data in (TMTSF)₂ X-GaSb Schottky barriers support the idea that strong superconducting fluctuations exist in quasi-one-dimensional (TMTSF)₂X up to temperatures which are about one order or magnitude higher than the 3-D ordering critical temperature. Other tunnelling data tend to indicate that stabilization of superconductivity is possible at high temperature via chain cross-linking.     

Progress in the growth of CaCu3Ti4O12 and related functional dielectric perovskites

Calcium copper titanate, CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂, (CCTO), a potential electro-ceramic is a member of a very important perovskite family and has been found to a show dielectric constant of the order of 10⁴–10⁵. It has a remarkable ability to undergo a series of cationic exchange reactions resulting in corresponding isomorphs. In the past decade there has been immense activity in the search of an isomorph of CCTO with high dielectric constant and low loss which enables its use as capacitor material for the storage of energy and miniaturization of electronic based equipment. Despite intensive research in the area there is no source of any literature that gives all the possible relevant information regarding various synthetic methods, characterizations, effect of sintering parameters (temperature, duration, and atmosphere). This review article is an effort to review the synthesis, grain growth, morphological evolution, effect of impurities, substitution and interface anisotropy on the dielectric constant, resistivity and other materials parameters.     

KCl熔盐法合成CaCu3Ti4O12陶瓷粉体

采用KCl熔盐法合成了CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO)陶瓷粉体。探究了不同KCl与CCTO原料质量比及不同焙烧温度对合成的CCTO粉料性质的影响。研究发现,KCl加入量的多少对合成的CCTO粉料纯度及颗粒形貌有着显著影响,当KCl与CCTO原料的质量比为1∶2或1∶1时,合成得到的CCTO粉料纯度高,但当KCl与CCTO原料的质量比超过1∶1时,合成得到的CCTO粉料中出现了少量杂质。当KCl与CCTO原料的质量比由1∶2逐渐增加至5∶1时,合成得到的CCTO粉料由方形颗粒逐渐转变成了以棒状颗粒为主。提高焙烧温度同样有利于CCTO棒状颗粒的生长。在KCl与CCTO原料的质量比为3∶1时,随着焙烧温度由750℃升高到950℃,合成得到的CCTO颗粒由方形逐渐转变为以棒状颗粒为主。