Structural,Magnetic and Optical Properties of BiFe1-xNbxO3

Nb doped multiferroic BiFe_1-xNb_xO₃ (0 <x <0.05) polycrystalline powders have been syn-thesized by using a sol-gel method. The effect of Nb dopant on the structural, magnetic and optical properties is investigated. According to the X-ray di raction data and the result of Rietveld re nement, all the samples maintain the R3c phase, while the lattice parameters a, c, the cell volume V and the Fe-O-Fe bond angle change. The remnant magnetization enhances by appropriate Nb doping due to the decreasing of the grain size. Meanwhile, Nb dopant leads to the narrowing of the band gap of BiFe_1-xNb_xO₃ samples.     

LaMnxFe1-xO3催化剂的制备及其对甲烷燃烧的催化性能

采用共沉淀法,以（NH₄）₂CO₃为沉淀剂制备钙钛矿型催化剂LaMn_xFe_1-xO₃（x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0）,其结构和性能经XRD、 BET、 H₂-TPR、 SEM和TG-DSC表征。以催化甲烷燃烧为目标反应,考察了其催化性能,研究不同量离子掺杂对催化剂性能影响。结果表明：随着Mn离子掺杂量增加,催化剂的比表面积先变大后变小;LaMn_0.2Fe_0.8O₃的比表面积为42.1 m²·g^-1,催化活性最好,起燃温度T_l0%为400 ℃,完全转化温度T_90%为550 ℃。     

层状Li(Ni1-xCox)O2结构研究

0引言层状钴酸锂是目前锂离子电池主要正极材料,但是,随着锂离子电池的广泛使用,急需比钴酸锂价格低和来源广泛的正极材料,层状锰酸锂和层状镍酸锂受到重视。由于锰氧化物存在有J-T效应,因此,严格意义上的层状锰酸锂的制备极其困难。制备层状镍酸锂也非常困难,高温反应极易生成Li1-xNi1 xO2,具有此种结构的镍酸锂存在严重首次能量衰减和循环性能下降的缺点。采用其他元素掺杂镍酸锂克服其缺点的研究已经很多,其中钴掺杂镍酸锂由于显示了良好的效果而被认为是最有希望替代钴酸锂的锂离子电池正极材料。有关层状镍钴酸锂的研究很多,但不少的…     

La0.67Sr0.33FexMn1-xO3制备和奇特磁电阻效应

The Ln0.67Sr0.33Fe.Mn1-xO3(LSFMO)(0.05< x <0.33) systems have been synthesized by co-precipitation. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicates that these compounds are of single phase with rhombohedral structure. The resistivity of samples was measured in zero field and applied field (H=4000Oe) by a standard four-probe method. Large magnetoresistance (MR) was found in all samples. There is a resistivity transition peak in LSFMO (x ≦0.13) in which MR negative, the temperature (TP) at which the resistivity peak occurs decreases with the increasing of x. LSFMO (x=0.23) to which the large negative MR is still found is a semiconductor, It is unexpected that a peculiar alternative positive negative MR was found in LSFMO(x=0.33) which also is a semicondutor.     

镧钴镍复合氧化物催化剂的制备及催化甲烷燃烧活性研究

采用共沉淀法制备LaNi_1-xCo_xO₃系列催化剂(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0),研究B位离子Co的掺杂对单钙钛矿LaNiO₃催化甲烷燃烧性能的影响。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积测定(BET)、程序升温还原(H₂-TPR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析(TG-DSC)等实验技术对催化剂的结构和性能进行考察,以催化甲烷燃烧为目标,考察其对催化剂性能的影响。研究结果表明：Co离子的掺杂会改变单钙钛矿的晶型结构,改善催化活性,当x=0.8时,LaNi_0.2Co_0.8O₃的催化甲烷燃烧活性最好,其比表面积为22.4 m^₂.g^_-1,T_10%(起燃温度)为475℃,T_90%(完全转化温度)为610℃,反应活化能最小,为91.4KJ/mol。     

Unveiling the mechanism of charge compensation in Li2RuxMn1-xO3 by tracking atomic structural evolution

The relationship between the structural evolution and redox of Li-rich transition-metal layered oxides(LLOs) cathodes remains ambiguous, obstructing the development of high-performance lithium-ion(Li⁺) battery. Herein, the coherent effects of local atomic and electronic structure in Li₂Ru_xMn_1-xO₃(LRMO) with a wide voltage window(1.3–4.8 V) is identified by in situ X-ray absorption fine spectroscopy(XAFS) and chemometrics. We not only skillfu...     

Sm2O3Ga2O3 and Gd2O3Ga2O3 phase diagrams

Four definite compounds exist in the Sm₂O₃Ga₂O₃ binary phase diagram, namely: Sm₃GaO₆, Sm₄Ga₂O₉, SmGaO₃, and Sm₃Ga₅O₁₂. The $\text{3}\text{1}$ compound is orthorhombic (space group Pnna - Z.4) with the cell parameters: a = 11.40₀Å, b = 5.51₅Å, c = 9.07Å and belongs to the oxysel family. Sm₃GaO₆ and SmGaO₃ melt incongruently at 1715 and 1565°C; Sm₄Ga₂O₉ and Sm₃Ga₅O₁₂ have a congruent melting point at 1710 and 1655°C. With regard to the Gd₂O₃Ga₂O₃ system three definite compounds have been identified: Gd₃GaO₆, Gd₄Ga₂O₉, and Gd₃Ga₅O₁₂. Only the garnet melts congruently at 1740°C with the following composition: Gd_3.12Ga_4.88O₁₂. Gd₃GaO₆, and Gd₄Ga₂O₉ melt incongruently at 1760 and 1700°C. GdGaO₃ is only obtained by melt overheating which may yield an equilibrium or a metastable phase diagram.     

Thermal activation of Al2O3 supported MoO3 and WO3 metathesis catalysts

Alumina-supported MoO₃ and WO₃ catalysts were activated for the metathesis of propene by thermal treatment in Ar. Temperatures up to 1140 K are required for catalysts with low metal contents. These exhibit the highest specific activities though they are known to be highly resistant to reduction. It is proposed that the active sites are formed from Mo(VI) and W(VI) species under the conditions employed.

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MoO₃ WO₃, Al₂O₃, . 1140 . , , . , , Mo W.

     

YBa2Cu3O7-x/Thermoplastic polymer composite thermistors

Conducting YBa₂Cu₃O_7-x was incorporated in to polyethylene matrices to produce composite materials with low room temperature resistivity and sizable positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistance effects. The intensity of the PTC effect for these composites was found to be as large as 10 orders of magnitude. The location of the PTC phenomenon is determined by the choice of polymer matrix. The mechanism for the PTC effect in crystalline polymer composites is related to the percolation behaviour of the composites and the thermal expansion of the polymer matrix.     

La0.7Sr0.3Mn1-xFexO3稀土钙钛矿催化剂NOx储存性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备特定溶胶pH值的催化剂前躯体,并分别采用马弗炉和管式炉两种不同焙烧方法制备了La07Sr0.3 Mn1-xFexO3(x=0,0.2)系列样品.发现Fe元素的加入使钙钛矿团聚程度增加、比表面积下降、样品中SrCO3的生成量减少使用管式炉焙烧的La07Sr0.3 Mn0.8 Fe0.2O3样品,形成的颗粒均匀,直径在40～ 80nm左右,拥有最大的比表面积(19.7 m2·g-1)、较完整钙钛矿物相结构,具有较好的NOx储存性能和氧化性能.     

The characterization of Ba3Re2O9 and Sr3Re2O9

The compounds Ba₃Re₂O₉ and Sr₃Re₂O₉ were prepared by the solid state reaction of the corresponding alkaline-earth oxide with ReO₃ at 750 to 900°C in sealed, evacuated, fused silica tubes. The two compounds are isostructural, having the nine-layer ABO₃ structure with vacant central octahedra. The unit cell parameters are given. The magnetic susceptibility for Ba₃Re₂O₉ indicates Curie-Weiss behavior with a Re⁶⁺ moment having localized electrons. The magnetic data for Sr₃Re₂O₉ suggest delocalized electron behavior from its temperature-independent susceptibility. Both compounds appear to have semiconducting properties, but the strontium analog is a better conductor. Both compounds are unstable when heated in air above 400°C. They are readily decomposed by chemical oxidizing agents.     

化合物Al2Mo3-xWxO12的合成与结构

合成并表征了一系列化合物Al     

Raman and structural characterization of LuAlO3

The structural and vibrational properties of lutetium orthoaluminate perovskite (LuAlO₃) were investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy and EXAFS measurements.The analysis of Raman spectra taken in four different polarized configurations along the principal axes at 20 K and room temperature conditions permits to assign the principal vibrational modes in LuAP single crystals and to confirm the belonging to the D_2h¹⁶ space group.EXAFS measurements were performed at room temperature in order to obtain local structural informations on the first and next nearest neighbors around lutetium absorptions sites. Unit cell parameters and bond lengths were determined by the analysis of the EXAFS spectroscopy at the L₃ absorption edge of lutetium.The informations thus gathered on this compound can offer a useful addition in the framework of a full structural characterization of LuAlO₃.     

Pt/γ-Al2O3/CexZr1-xO2催化剂低温催化燃烧去除饮食油烟

以CexZr1-xO2固溶体做载体, 制备了系列Pt/γ-Al2O3/CexZr1-xO2催化剂(x=1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25, 0). 应用Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET)比表面积分析、X射线衍射(XRD)和H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)等手段对催化剂进行相关表征, 并系统研究了催化剂在饮食油烟催化燃烧中的催化活性. BET结果表明催化剂的比表面积随Ce/Zr摩尔比的减小而减小. XRD结果表明贵金属Pt很好地分散在氧化铝和CexZr1-xO2固溶体上. H2-TPR结果发现催化剂Pt/γ-Al2O3/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2的还原峰面积最大且氧离子的流动性最好. 催化活性研究结果表明Pt负载在CexZr1-xO2固溶体上有利于油烟的催化燃烧, 降低了反应温度. 随着CexZr1-xO2固溶体中Ce/Zr摩尔比的变化, 催化剂的活性顺序为Pt/γ-Al2O3/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2>Pt/γ-Al2O3/Ce0.25Zr0.75O2>Pt/γ-Al2O3/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2>Pt/γ-Al2O3/CeO2>Pt/γ-Al2O3/ZrO2.     

化学链燃烧中LaNixFe1-xO3载氧体的性能研究

采用柠檬酸络合法制备了不同Ni含量的LaNixFe1-xO3系列复合氧化物载氧体。采用热分析、X射线衍射、程序升温还原和扫描电境等手段对载氧体进行了表征,并在化学链燃烧反应中进行性能评价。XRD表征结果表明不同Ni含量的LaNixFe1-xO3均能形成钙钛矿结构,TPR表征结果表明随Ni含量增加,LNixaFe1-xO3上氧数量增加,还原能力增强。在连续十次化学链燃烧反应中,95%一氧化碳在LaFe0.5Ni0.5O3上被氧化,扫描电境照片发现部分载氧体颗粒出现破碎、烧结现象。     

The support and characterization of C60 and MoO3 on Al2O3

A new type of catalyst from supporting C₆₀ on MoO₃ and Al₂O₃ has been prepared. The effect of different order of impregnation and calcination atmosphere on catalyst are investigated by the solution test in toluene, UV-VIS spectroscopy and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The results show that when the catalyst was prepared by supporting MoO₃ on C₆₀/Al₂O₃ and calcined in N₂, there is a stronger interaction between C₆₀, MoO₃ and Al₂O₃, but when supporting C₆₀ on MoO₃/Al₂O₃, the interaction is relatively weak. We consider that in the former method a new complex, Mo–C₆₀–O–Al, is formed.     

Synthesis and characterization of Fe2O3/SiO2 nanocomposites

Fe₂O₃/SiO₂ nanocomposites based on fumed silica A-300 (S_BET = 337 m²/g) with iron oxide deposits at different content were synthesized using Fe(III) acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)₃) dissolved in isopropyl alcohol or carbon tetrachloride for impregnation of the nanosilica powder at different amounts of Fe(acac)₃ then oxidized in air at 400–900 °C. Samples with Fe(acac)₃ adsorbed onto nanosilica and samples with Fe₂O₃/SiO₂ including 6–17 wt% of Fe₂O₃ were investigated using XRD, XPS, TG/DTA, TPD MS, FTIR, AFM, nitrogen adsorption, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and quantum chemistry methods. The structural characteristics and phase composition of Fe₂O₃ deposits depend on reaction conditions, solvent type, content of grafted iron oxide, and post-reaction treatments. The iron oxide deposits on A-300 (impregnated by the Fe(acac)₃ solution in isopropanol) treated at 500–600 °C include several phases characterized by different nanoparticle size distributions; however, in the case of impregnation of A-300 by the Fe(acac)₃ solution in carbon tetrachloride only α-Fe₂O₃ phase is formed in addition to amorphous Fe₂O₃. The Fe₂O₃/SiO₂ materials remain loose (similar to the A-300 matrix) at the bulk density of 0.12–0.15 g/cm³ and S_BET = 265–310 m²/g.     

钙钛矿型La1-xCaxCoO3纳米孔材料在Al-H2O2半燃料电池中的应用

通过改进的无定形柠檬酸前驱体法制备钙钛矿型La1-xCaxCoO3 (x=0.2,0.4,0.5)系列化合物. 使用循环伏安法和恒电流测试La1-xCaxCoO3系列化合物对于过氧化氢的电催化还原性能. 同时也检测了La1-xCaxCoO3化合物中La与Ca的摩尔比及煅烧温度对其催化性能的影响. 在La1-xCaxCoO3系列化合物中,650 °C煅烧的La0.6Ca0.4CoO3展现出最佳的催化活性. 在含有0.4 mo.ldm-3 H2O2的3.0 mo.ldm-3 KOH水溶液中,使用这种材料作为铝-H2O2半燃料电池的阴极催化剂,在150 mA.cm-2电流密度下该电池的电压为1.34 V,能量密度为201 mW.cm-2.     

Ba1-xSrxTi1-yMyO3固溶体的湿化学法合成与介电特性

A series of Ba_1-xSr_xTi_1-yM_yO₃ (M=Zr,Sn, 0≤ x≤ 0.5,0≤ y≤ 0.3) solid solutions were synthesized by chemical method at below 100℃ . XRD and cell parameters component figures of the series of the solid solutions powder demonstrated that the compounds are mutually miscible in the solid solutions. The particls size is about 70nm with spherical shape and uniform distribution. The result of preparing ceramics showed that after adulterating with Sr²⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ or Sn⁴⁺ in pure BaTiO₃ phase, the dielectric constant increased eight times while the dielectric loss decreased three times at room temperature.