金属-氮氧自由基层状配合物磁性体系

介绍了金属与氮氧自由基所形成的层状体系的结构特点、磁耦合特征及其发展前景。     

一价金的氮氧自由基配合物的合成、结构及其磁性

本文合成了一个含一价金的氮氧自由基配合物(PPh₃)Au(p-NN) (1)[p-NN=2-(对-乙炔基苯基)-4，4，5，5-四甲基-2-咪唑啉基氧自由基]，并用X射线衍射单晶结构分析测定了它的结构。由于三苯基膦具有较大的位阻效应，因此配合物中不存在明显的分子内或分子间Au…Au相互作用。磁化率研究表明，相邻分子间的O…O相互作用使之形成二聚体，因而导致了分子之间的反铁磁相互作用。     

三个镧系金属氮氧自由基配合物的合成、结构及磁性

以氮氧自由基为配体,合成了3例氮氧自由基-稀土三自旋单核配合物[Ln（hfac）₃（NIT-Ph-4-Br）₂]（Ln=Gd（1）,Tb（2）,Dy（3）,hfac=六氟乙酰丙酮,NIT-Ph-4-Br=4,4,5,5-四甲基-2-（4''-溴）-咪唑啉-3-氧化-1-氧基自由基。单晶结构分析表明3个配合物均属单斜晶系P2₁/c空间群,配合物中的Ln（Ⅲ）离子为八配位模式,并且拥有相似的自由基-稀土-自由基单核结构。对配合物的磁性测试结果表明,配合物1中自由基与Gd（Ⅲ）离子之间存在着铁磁相互作用,自由基与自由基之间存在着反铁磁相互作用;配合物2,3中,稀土离子与自由基之间存在弱的反铁磁相互作用。     

四自旋氮氧自由基-锰(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、结构和磁性质

采用吡啶基取代的氮氧自由基4P4NIT与过渡金属锰(Ⅱ)离子进行配位,得到了1个双核的四自旋配合物{[Mn(hfac)2]2(4P4NIT)2}·CHCl3（其中,4P4NIT=2-(4′-(4″-吡啶基)苯基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑啉-3-氧化-1-氧基自由基,hfac=1,1,1,5,5,5-六氟乙酰丙酮阴离子)。 X射线单晶衍射分析表明,2个4P4NIT自由基作为桥联配体, 连接了2个Mn(hfac)2单元,形成双核四自旋配合物。 变温磁化率研究表明,配合物中过渡金属Mn(Ⅱ)离子和直接配位的氮氧自由基之间存在着强反铁磁相互作用。     

以[M(DETA)2)]n+(M=Cu2+, Ni2+, Co3+)为客体的MnPS3夹层化合物的合成、结构表征与磁性研究

将过渡金属配合物阳离子([M(DETA)₂]ⁿ⁺(M=Cu²⁺,Ni²⁺,Co³⁺;DETA=Diethylenetriamine,二乙烯三胺)作为客体插入层状MnPS₃层间得到了相应的3个夹层化合物。通过X-射线粉末衍射、元素分析和红外光谱对夹层化合物的结构进行了表征。结果表明,与主体MnPS₃ 0.65 nm的层间距相比较,夹层化合物(Mn_0.88PS₃[Cu(DETA)₂]_0.12)的层间距扩大了0.32 nm,由此推测客体[Cu(DETA)₂]²⁺在层间以平面四方的配位形式存在,而另2个夹层化合物(Mn_0.79PS₃[Ni(DETA)₂]_0.21和Mn_0.74PS₃[Co(DETA)₂]_0.17)的层间距扩大了0.48 nm,说明客体[(M(DETA)₂]ⁿ⁺,M=Co³⁺,Ni²⁺) 在主体层间以八面体配位形式存在。磁性测试结果表明过渡金属离子[(M(DETA)₂]ⁿ⁺(M=Cu²⁺,Co³⁺)的插入能引起主体MnPS₃的磁性在35~40 K发生由顺磁向亚铁磁性的转变并表现自发磁化,而客体[Ni(DETA)₂]²⁺却使夹层化合物的反铁磁相互作用增强,抑制了自发磁化的发生。     

含氮氧自由基的Gd,Tb,Dy配合物的合成、结构及磁性

合成了一个新颖的氮氧自由基配体,并用该配体合成了3例未见文献报道的氮氧自由基-稀土三自旋单核配合物Ln(hfac)₃(NIT-Ph-4-OCHCH₃CH₃)₂(Ln=Gd(1), Tb(2), Dy(3); hfac=六氟乙酰丙酮; NIT-Ph-4-OCHCH₃CH₃=4,4,5,5-四甲基-2-(4'-异丙氧基苯基)-咪唑啉-3-氧化-1-氧基自由基)。单晶结构分析表明配合物1、2、3拥有相似的自由基-稀土-自由基单核结构。对配合物的磁性测试结果表明自由基与稀土之间存在着铁磁相互作用。自由基与自由基之间存在着反铁磁相互作用。     

具有非正规自旋态的氮氧自由基桥联双镍配合物的合成、表征和磁性研究

合成了4种氮氧自由基桥联的五氟丙酸镍双核配合物[Ni(pfpr)₂]₂NITR·nH₂O.对该配合物进行了元素分析和热重-差热分析,测定了红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱、电子顺磁共振和摩尔电导。讨论了配合物的结构,测量了[Ni(pfpr)₂]₂NITPhCl·4H₂O和[Ni(pfpr)₂]₂NITPhOMe·4H₂O的变温磁化率(4～300K),表明配合物具有非正规自旋态的Ni(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ)-Ni(Ⅱ)三核体系的磁行为。通过与理论公式拟合,得到交换积分J值分别为-152.8cm^-1和-174.6cm^-1,表明镍-自由基-镍之间有较强的反铁磁相互作用。     

喹喔啉氮氧自由基-Zn(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、结构和磁性质

采用喹喔啉基取代的氮氧自由基NITQ与锌(Ⅱ)离子进行配位,得到了1个单核的双自旋配合物[Zn(acac)₂(NITQ)₂]·2CH₂Cl₂(其中acac=乙酰丙酮阴离子,NITQ=2-(2'-喹喔啉基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑啉-3-氧化-1-氧基自由基)。 X射线单晶衍射分析结果表明,两个NITQ自由基作为单齿配体分别与Zn(acac)₂配位,形成八面体构型的双自旋配合物。 变温磁化率研究表明,NITQ自由基间存在铁磁相互作用,其居里常数C=0.7242 cm³·K/mol,外斯常数θ=0.5958 K。     

一维氮氧自由基-银配合物的合成及结构表征

用二氰化银盐(Ag(CN)2-)和氮氧自由基反应合成了一种新的一维配合物[Ag(im2-py)(CN)]n(im2-py=2-(2′-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl)。利用X-射线单晶衍射、元素分析、红外和紫外光谱进行了表征。晶体结构分析表明,配合物晶体属正交晶系,空间群P212121,晶胞参数:a=9.6074(6),b=9.8668(8),c=14.8589(14),V=1408.5(2)3,Z=4,R1=0.0594,wR2=0.121。配合物晶体结构中,每个Ag(Ⅰ)采用四配位的变形四面体构型,每个氰根阴离子通过单齿配位模式连接两个Ag(Ⅰ)离子形成一维链状结构,一维链状结构通过分子间的C-H…O和C-H…N氢键作用扩展为二维网状结构。     

模板法合成含镧的层状无机-有机纳米复合材料

以表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠为模板制备了含稀土元素La的无机-有机纳米复合材料。通过XRD、SEM、HRTEM、EDX等的表征，证明所得的稀土复合物为层状结构，且十二烷基磺酸钠与La的比例为1∶1。考察了反应温度、反应时间以及原料配比等对复合物结构的影响。     

A New Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanocomposite, BEDT-TTF Intercalated into Layered FePS3

A new inorganic–organic hybrid compound, Fe_0.76PS₃(BEDT-TTF)_0.48 (BEDT-TTF=bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene), has been synthesized by the reaction of the pre-intercalate Fe_0.90PS₃(Phen)_0.41 (phen=1,10-phenanthroline) with (BEDT-TTF)₂I_x. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the expansion of the lattice spacing (Δ d) is about 4.0 Å compared with the pristine FePS₃, indicating that the molecular ring plane of the guest is parallel to the layer of the host. The infrared spectrum of the intercalate shows the existence of BEDT-TTF as a guest between the interlayer region of the layered FePS₃. The room-temperature electrical conductivity of the compressed pellet of Fe_0.76PS₃(BEDT-TTF)_0.48 is about 10⁻⁷ S/cm, which is in the same order of magnitude as that of the pristine FePS₃(10⁻⁷ S/cm). The magnetic properties measured with a SQUID-magnetometer indicate that Fe_0.76PS₃(BEDT-TTF)_0.48 exhibits the paramagnetism from 120 to 300 K and Curie-Weiss Law was obeyed above 140 K, but a strong antiferromagnetic phase transition occurs at T_N of 100 K.     

Synthesis, structural characterization and ferrimagnetic property of MnPS3 intercalated with nickel(II) cyclopolyamine complex cations

Two new intercalation compounds were prepared by the reactions of Ni(II) cyclopolyamine complex cations with a preintercalate Mn_1−xPS₃K_2x(H₂O)_y, respectively, through “ion exchange” process. Their structures were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The lattice spacing increased 0.567 and 1.093 nm with respect to the pristine MnPS₃. Ferrimagnetism of the intercalates was confirmed by SQUID experiment with T_c at 40 and 33 K, respectively.     

The intercalation reaction of 2,2′-bipyridine with layered compound MnPS3

The intercalation process of 2,2′-bipyridine into layered MnPS₃ is studied with powder X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) technology as the monitoring tool. From the XRD results, it is found that the absence or presence of acid greatly influences the existing form and the arranged orientation of the guest. Two series of the reactions are carried out. In Series A, only MnPS₃ and 2,2′-bipyridine are present. While in Series B, a variety of acetic acid is added. During the intercalation of Series A, there coexist four phases: the 00l phase (with lattice spacing of 6.47 Å) is pristine MnPS₃; the 00l′ phase (with lattice spacing of 9.81 Å), indicating the parallel orientation of the 2,2′-bipyridine molecular ring to the layer; the 00l″ phase (with lattice spacing of 12.20 Å), indicating the perpendicular orientation of the 2,2′-bipyridine molecular ring to the layer of the host, which is only an intermediate phase for the formation of the 00l′′′ phase; the 00l′′′ phase (with the lattice spacing of 15.33 Å), indicating the existence of the complex cation [Mn(bipy)₃]²⁺ coming from the in situ coordination of the inserted guest with intralayered Mn²⁺ ions between the interlayer space of host. As the intercalation proceeds, the 00l, 00l′ and 00l″ phases finally disappear, and 00l′′′ phase is intensified and a complete intercalate is obtained. In Series B, due to the presence of the acid, the formation of the complex cation [Mn(bipy)₃]²⁺ is inhibited, and the amount of the acid in the intercalation plays a key role in the formation of the guest. With the increase of the acid, the protonated bipyridine becomes the main existing form of the guest, which is arranged in the perpendicular orientation of molecular ring to the layer. From the experimental evidences, the possible intercalation mechanisms are proposed and the novel intercalation phenomenon of in situ coordination of the inserted 2,2′-bipyridine with Mn²⁺ of the host is elucidated.     

A New Inorganic-organic Nanocomposite,4,4''''-Bipyridine Intercalated into Lamellar FePS3

Interest in nanocomposite materials is increased due to their great significance in both fundamental and applied research fields in the past two decades 1. Intercalation of organic species into lamellar inorganic solids provides a useful approach to design and synthesize inorganic-organic nanocomposite materials with novel functional properties compared with the parent compounds 2. The transition metal phosphorous trisulfides, MPS3 (M stands for a metal in +2 oxidation state), are lamellar c…     

A New Inorganic-organic Nanocomposite, 4,4′-Bipyridine Intercalated into Lamellar FePS3

A new intercalation compound, Fe0.85PS3(4,4′-bipyH)0.30 (4,4′-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine), is obtained by the intercalation of 4,4′-bipyridine·2HCl with lamellar FePS3, which is characterized by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy. By comparison with the pure FePS3, the lattice spacing of Fe0.85PS3(4,4′-bipyH)0.30 is expanded by ～ 5.7(A), indicating that the ring plane of the guest is perpendicular to the layer of the host. The magnetic property of Fe0.85PS3(4,4′-bipyH)0.30 is studied with SQUID. It exhibits an antiferromagnetic phase transition with TN of about 70 K.     

层状LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料的合成及电化学性能研究

采用液相法在800 ℃空气中烧结20 h合成出层状LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂正极材料。通过XRD、IR、SEM、XPS和电化学性能测试考察了产物的组成、结构、形貌及电化学性能。结果表明，所合成的LiCo_1/3Ni_1/3Mn_1/3O₂为六方单相，层状结构发育完善；产物呈球形且粒度小，分布窄，平均粒径为0.3 μm。以1 mA·cm^-2的电流密度，在2.7～4.3 V区间进行充放电测试，前4周的充放电比容量分别为168/160 mAh·g^-1、169/162 mAh·g^-1、165/160 mAh·g^-1、163/158 mAh·g^-1，循环性能优良。循环伏安实验表明，该材料在3.9 V附近出现了一对对称性好的氧化还原峰。     

The Intercalation Reaction of 1,10-Phenanthroline with Layered Compound FePS3

The intercalation reaction of 1,10-phenanthroline with FePS₃ in ethanol and in the presence of anilinium chloride has been monitored in detail with the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) method to study the reaction mechanism. It is revealed that during the intercalation period there are three phases: the 001 phase (corresponding to the perpendicular orientation of the 1,10-phenanthroline ring with the layer of the host FePS₃), the 001′ phase (standing for the parallel orientation of the 1,10-phenanthroline ring with the layer), and the 001″ phase (pristine FePS₃), but as the period of the reaction is prolonged, the 001′ and 001″ phases diminish gradually and finally disappear, and the 001 phase is intensified and a complete intercalate is obtained for Series A, in which excess 1,10-phenanthroline is used. However, for Series B in which the optimum amount of 1,10-phenanthroline is used, the 001 and 001″ phases diminish gradually, and another intercalate is obtained that exhibits the 001′ phase. Moreover, if the amount of phenanthroline used in the reaction is more than that in Series B but not in excess, another intercalate containing 001 and 001′ phases is obtained. In these intercalation reactions, the results of IR spectroscopy indicate that anilinium chloride serves only as the source of protons for 1,10-phenanthroline, but 1,10-phenanthroline acts as both the complexing agent of Fe²⁺ ions removed from FePS₃, confirmed by UV spectra of the filtrates, and the inserted guest, some of which exists in the form of protonated cation to maintain the charge balance of the intercalates. From the experimental evidence we find that the arranged orientation of 1,10-phenanthroline between the layers is controlled by the amount of guest used in the reaction, and a possible intercalation mechanism is proposed for the reaction.     

可控粒径纳米Fe_3O_4的制备及其磁性研究

本文用空气氧化法,在可见光作用下,添加配合剂(EDTA、柠檬酸、酒石酸、谷氨酸)在室温进行了不同粒径纳米Fe3O4的制备及其磁性能研究。结果表明:在可见光作用下,随EDTA、柠檬酸、酒石酸、谷氨酸等配合剂的添加,得到纳米Fe3O4的粒径有所减小、分散性有所提高;配合剂及可见光共存时,体系反应速率得到提高,高的反应速率使纳米Fe3O4晶粒减小;控制适当的光照度和添加剂的量,室温可得到11.8~29.6nm的Fe3O4颗粒。不同粒径纳米Fe3O4分别呈现出超顺磁性、铁磁性特征。     

层状Co3O4的制备及其电化学电容行为

以P123为模板水热合成制备了Co₂(OH)₂CO₃前驱体，200 ℃热处理后得到了具有层状结构的Co₃O₄。循环伏安、恒流放电等电化学测试表明，200 ℃所得Co₃O₄电极在6 mol·L^-1 KOH溶液中和-0.1～0.5 V(vs Ag/AgCl)电位范围内，具有较好的循环稳定性能，单电极比电容达到505 F·g^-1。