Preparation and characterization of activated carbon fibers supported with silver metal for antibacterial behavior

In this work, the effect of immersion in silver nitrate solution on activated carbon fibers (ACFs) was investigated in relation to adsorption behavior and antibacterial activity of ACFs supported with silver (ACF/Ag). The pore and surface properties were studied in terms of BET volumetric measurement with nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibacterial activities of ACF/Ag were studied in broth dilution tests against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) from a point of view of water purification. As an experimental result, the silver content of ACF/Ag increased with increasing concentration of silver nitrate. It was found that the micropore structure slightly decreased as the silver nitrate concentration increased. Otherwise, it was revealed that the ACF/Ag possessed a strong antibacterial activity and an inhibitory effect for the growing of E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. Silver content on ACF/Ag decreased rapidly because of rough morphology of silver particles in water erosion.     

通过柠檬酸改性提高载银活性炭的抗菌性能

通过负载柠檬酸对活性炭进行改性,用N2吸附法测定活性炭的比表面积,用AAS、SEM、XRD测试技术分析了银在活性炭上的吸附和分布,并研究了载银活性炭的抗菌性能。结果表明,负载柠檬酸使活性炭的比表面积下降约24%,但载银后活性炭的比表面积增大。柠檬酸改性为[Ag(NH3)2] 的还原吸附提供更多的活性点,使银的吸附速率加快,吸附量提高约25%,表面的银颗粒变得非常密集,粒径减小,且颗粒均匀,因此抗菌性能显著增强,其中对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭效果明显优于对大肠杆菌的,同时对于高分散Ag/C催化剂的制备及银的回收也具有重要的价值。     

通过氧化改性提高载银活性炭的抗菌性能

使用浓HNO3和浓H2O2对活性炭进行常温氧化改性,用FTIR和N2吸附法对活性炭进行表面分析,用AAS、SEM、XRD研究银在活性炭表面的吸附和分布特征,并研究了载银活性炭的抗茵性能.结果表明,活性炭经浓HNO3常温改性后,比表面积提高,而经浓H2O2常温改性后,比表面积略有下降,但都使活性炭表面含氧基团增加.改性后,活性炭表面增加的含氧基团为[Ag(NH3)2] 的还原吸附提供更多的活性点,使银的吸附量增大5倍多,银颗粒更加密集,大小更加均一.研究表明,载银活性炭具有明显的抗茵作用,其中对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭效果优于对大肠杆菌的杀灭效果,氧化改性使载银活性炭抗茵作用显著增强,其中硝酸改性现象更加明显.     

载银磷酸活化剑麻基活性炭纤维的抗菌性能研究

本文利用磷酸化方法，制备各种剑麻基活性炭纤维，并利用活性炭纤维的氧化还原特性及吸附性能，在其上负载金属银，研究并比较了这些载银活性炭纤维对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭作用，结果表明，磷酸浓度，活化方法，活化时间，纤维的比表面积等因素的均对材料的抗菌性能有一定的影响，磷酸活化的活性炭纤维表现出强的抗菌杀菌能力，高浓度磷酸活化后的纤维抗菌能力有所提高，并且抗菌能力随活化时间的延长而增加，抗菌前后纤维上负载的银未曾大量脱落，经5次抗菌试验后材料仍显示出很强的抗菌能力。     

REMOVAL OF THIOL BY ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER

Sulfideisoneofthemainpollutionsources.Ifthereweremorethiolsingasoline,thiolswouldmakegasolinegivingoffafoulsmellandcausingcorrosionofmetal.Therefore,manycountriessetstrictdemandstothiolscontentingasoline.Ingeneral,thecontentofthiol-sulfuringasolineisrequestedtobelow10ppm.ActivatedCarbonFiber(ACF)isanewkindofecomaterial[1].Itssuperadsorptioncapacitymakesithavewiderandwiderapplicationprospectsinenvironmentalprotection.ThefurtherstudiesonACFareboththeoreticallyandpracticallyimportant.Therear…     

REMOVAL OF THIOL BY ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER

Pitch based activated carbon fiber(PACF)was prepared,and influences of preparing condition such as activated temperature and time on the yield.specific surface area of PACF and its adsorption behavior towards n-butanethiol were studied.The results showed that simple PACF could not remove n-butanethiol from n-hexane solution.Therefore,dispersion of suitable catalyst such as cobalt salt on PACF is needed,Cobalt solat dispersed PACF can remove n-butanethiol quickly.     

Photo induced silver on nano titanium dioxide as an enhanced antimicrobial agent for wool

In this study an effective nanocomposite antimicrobial agent for wool fabric was introduced. The silver loaded nano TiO(2) as a nanocomposite was prepared through UV irradiation in an ultrasonic bath. The nanocomposite was stabilized on the wool fabric surface by using citric acid as a friendly cross-linking agent. The treated wool fabrics indicated an antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Increasing the concentration of Ag/TiO(2) nanocomposite led to an improvement in antibacterial activities of the treated fabrics. Also increasing the amount of citric acid improved the adsorption of Ag/TiO(2) on the wool fabric surface leading to enhance antibacterial activity. The EDS spectrum, SEM images, and XRD patterns was studied to confirm the presence of existence of nanocomposite on the fabric surface. The role of both cross-linking agent and nanocomposite concentrations on the results was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM).     

Preparation of active antibacterial LDPE surface through multistep physicochemical approach: I. Allylamine grafting, attachment of antibacterial agent and antibacterial activity assessment

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) samples were treated in air plasma discharge, coated by polyallyamine brush thought copolymeric grafting surface-from reaction and deposited four common antibacterial agents (benzalkonium chloride, bronopol, chlorhexidine and triclosan) to gain material with active antibacterial properties. Surface characteristics were evaluated by static contact angle measurement with surface energy evaluation ATR-FTIR, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and SEM analysis. Inhibition zone on agar was used as in vitro test of antibacterial properties on two representative gram positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and gram negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. It was confirmed, that after grafting of polyallyamine, more antibacterial agent is immobilized on the surface. The highest increase of antibacterial activity was observed by the sample containing triclosan. Samples covered by bronopol did not show significant antibacterial activity.     

纳米Ag/ZnO光催化剂及其催化降解壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚性能

采用氨浸法制备了不同Ag负载量的纳米Ag/ZnO光催化剂,并用X射线衍射、比表面积测定、X射线光电子能谱和漫反射紫外-可见光谱测定了Ag/ZnO的晶型结构、比表面积、表面组成和光谱特征.以壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPE-10)为模型污染物,分别在紫外光和可见光照射下考察了纳米Ag/ZnO的光催化活性.结果表明,Ag能成功地负载到ZnO表面,且随着Ag负载量的增加,ZnO的粒径逐渐增大,比表面积逐渐减小.与纳米ZnO样品相比,Ag/ZnO中Ag 3d5/2结合能减小,而Zn 2p和O 1s结合能增大,ZnO表面的羟基氧和吸附氧含量增加.当Ag负载量大于0.5%时,Ag/ZnO样品的吸收光谱发生红移,在可见光区出现吸收.光催化降解结果表明,0.5%Ag/ZnO样品的光催化活性最高,在紫外光和可见光照射3 h后NPE-10降解率分别约为77%和56%,而ZnO样品的光催化活性仅约为61%和40%.     

Antibacterial behavior of transition-metals-decorated activated carbon fibers

The antibacterial behavior of transition metals (Cu or Ag)-plated activated carbon fibers (ACFs) was investigated. The pore structure of the ACFs before and after metal electroplating was studied by N(2)/77 K isothermal adsorption. The antibacterial behavior against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae was tested by a modified dilution method. As experimental results, the ACFs showed a decrease in specific surface area and micro- and total pore volume with increasing metal content. The antibacterial behavior of the ACFs was predominantly increased and showed over 99% against S. aureus as well as K. pneumoniae, attributed to the presence of metal nanoparticles in this system.     

Study of zwitterionic sulfopropylbetaine containing reactive siloxanes for application in antibacterial materials

Antibacterial agents receive a great deal of attention around the world due to the interesting academic problems of how to combat bacteria and of the beneficial health, social and economic effects of successful agents. Scientists are actively developing new antibacterial agents for biomaterial applications. This paper reports the novel antibacterial agent siloxane sulfopropylbetaine (SSPB), which contains reactive alkoxysilane groups. The structure and properties of SSPB were systematically investigated, with the results showing that SSPB contains both quaternary ammonium compounds and reactive siloxane groups. SSPB has good antibacterial activity against both Escherichia coli (E. coli, 8099) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, ATCC 6538). The minimal inhibition concentration is 70 μmol/ml SSPB against both E. coli and S. aureus. In addition, the SSPB antibacterial agent can be used in both weak acid and weak alkaline environments, functioning within the wide pH range of 4.0-9.0. The SSPB-modified glass surface killed 99.96% of both S. aureus and E. coli organisms within 24 h. No significant decrease was observed in this antibacterial activity after 20 washes. Moreover, SSPB does not induce a skin reaction and is nontoxic to animals. Thus, SSPB is an ideal candidate for future applications as a safe, environmentally friendly antibacterial agent.     

Removal of bromide and iodide anions from drinking water by silver-activated carbon aerogels

The aim of this study is to analyze the use of Ag-doped activated carbon aerogels for bromide and iodide removal from drinking water and to study how the activation of Ag-doped aerogels affects their behavior. It has been observed that the carbonization treatment and activation process of Ag-doped aerogels increased the surface area value ( [Formula: see text] ), whereas the volume of meso-(V(2)) and macropores (V(3)) decreased slightly. Chemical characterization of the materials revealed that carbonization and especially activation process considerably increased the surface basicity of the sample. Original sample (A) presented acidic surface properties (pH(PZC)=4.5) with 21% surface oxygen, whereas the sample that underwent activation showed mainly basic surface chemical properties (pH(PZC)=9.5) with only 6% of surface oxygen. Carbonization and especially, activation process considerable increased the adsorption capacity of bromide and iodide ions. This would mainly be produced by (i) an increase in the microporosity of the sample, which increases Ag-adsorption sites available to halide anions, and (ii) a rise of the basicity of the sample, which produces an increase in attractive electrostatic interactions between the aerogel surface, positively charged at the working pH (pH(solution)相似文献   

纳米氧化锌在模拟煤气下吸附单质汞的实验研究

采用均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌吸附剂,并采用BET、XRD、XPS等分析手段对其进行表征。在固定床吸附实验台上,研究了吸附剂在N₂和模拟煤气气氛下对单质汞的吸附特性,分析气体成分对纳米氧化锌脱汞性能的影响。结果表明,纳米氧化锌在纯N₂气氛下的脱汞效率较低,以物理吸附为主;H₂S的加入可以显著提高纳米氧化锌对汞的吸附,停止通入H₂S后,脱汞效率仍能维持较长时间;CO和H₂通过促进纳米氧化锌脱硫进而促进对汞的脱除。随着温度的提高,纳米氧化锌表面形成的单质硫逐渐减少,抑制了吸附剂对单质汞的吸附脱除。     

Preparation of Ag-MnFe2O4-bentonite Magnetic Composite for Pb(Ⅱ)/Cd(Ⅱ) Adsorption Removal and Bacterial Inactivation in Wastewater

An Ag-MnFe₂O₄-bentonite composite was synthesized by a chemical co-precipitation method and used for adsorption removal of Pb(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ) and disinfection. The result of X-ray diffraction indicate that the diffraction peaks of MnFe₂O₄ and Ag can be perfectly indexed to the cubic spinel MnFe₂O₄(JCPDS No.88-1965) and metallic Ag(JCPDS No.41-1402), respectively. The results of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy manifest the deposition of MnFe₂O₄ and Ag on the bentonite surface and the presence of Mn, Fe and Ag. The result of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy displayed that the composition of Ag-MnFe₂O₄-bentonite was Mn(Ⅱ), Fe(ⅡI) and metallic Ag. The analysis of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller showed that the specific surface area of Ag-MnFe₂O₄-bentonite was the largest compared with that of bentonite, MnFe₂O₄ and MnFe₂O₄-bentonite. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) ions was spontaneous and endothermic. Langmuir model showed an adsorption capacity of 129.87 mg/g for Pb(Ⅱ) and 48.31 mg/g for Cd(Ⅱ) ions. The adsorption kinetics of Pb(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) ions onto Ag-MnFe₂O₄-bentonite can be best described by a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption rate constant of the pseudo-second-order model was 0.0019 g·mg^-1·min^-1 for Pb(Ⅱ) and 0.0065 g·mg^-1·min^-1 for Cd(Ⅱ) ions. In addition to the adsorption experiment, the antibacterial properties of Ag-MnFe₂O₄-bentonite were studied through plate count method. Gram-negative(G-) bacteria Escherichia coli and Gram-positive(G+) bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum were used to test the antibacterial properties. The results showed that the composite demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity. Thus, Ag-MnFe₂O₄-bentonite can be employed as an adsorbent as well as an antimicrobial agent.     

PREPARATION AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER CONTAINING SILVER

Several kinds of activated carbon fiber(ACF),Granule Activated carbon(AC) containing silver ion or fine silver particle(Ag-ACF/AC) have been prepared by soaking ACF or AC in the salt solution of silver.Ag,AgCl and AgI compounds have been loaded onto the fibers:The stucture of the fibers was measured by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and power X-ray diffraction(XRD),THe Ag content in the fiber was obtained by an Atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS),The Ag^+ content in water after the antibacterial test was measured by an Inductively Coupled plasma(ICP) emission spectroscopy.Antibacterial test was carried out against Escherichia coli(E.coli) and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).The results show that Ag-ACF/AC have strong antibacterial activity against E.Coli and S.aureus.After dealt with ACF/AC loading Ag,AgCl,AgI,no E.coli and S.aureus alive in solution can be detected.The analysis of Agcontent in water after antibacterial test showed that the content of Ag meet the quality requirement of the National Potable Water Standrd,It is indicated that ACF/AC-Ag in this experiment would be a safe antibacterial agent.     

Fe3+改性纳米ZnO光催化降解壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚

采用氨浸法制备了不同Fe3 含量的Fe3 /ZnO光催化剂,并用X射线衍射、N2吸附、X射线光电子能谱和紫外-可见漫反射光谱对纳米Fe3 /ZnO进行了表征.以壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPE-10)为模型污染物,分别在紫外光和可见光下考察了纳米Fe3 /ZnO的光催化活性.结果表明,该方法能成功地将Fe掺杂到ZnO晶体上,且随着Fe3 添加量的增加,ZnO的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小,比表面积逐渐增大.与纳米ZnO样品相比,Fe3 /ZnO中Fe2p结合能减小,而Zn2p和O1s结合能增大,ZnO表面的羟基氧和吸附氧含量增加,光催化活性提高.当Fe3 的添加量大于0.5%时,Fe3 /ZnO样品的吸收光谱发生红移,在可见光区出现吸收.光催化降解结果显示,0.5?3 /ZnO样品的光催化活性最高,在紫外光和可见光照射3h后对NPE-10的降解率分别比纯ZnO提高18%和69%.     

脉冲电化学驱动壳聚糖原位调控制备羟基磷灰石/银复合涂层

采用脉冲电化学驱动壳聚糖原位调控制备了具有抗菌性的羟基磷灰石/银纳米复合涂层.考察了电解液中银离子浓度、钙磷盐浓度等对复合涂层的形貌及成分的影响.探讨了壳聚糖调控羟基磷灰石和银纳米粒子的形成机理,发现在本研究的较佳实验条件为电位-1.3 V,Ag~+浓度为0.06 g·L~(-1),Ca~(2+)浓度为5 mmol·L~(-1).在此基础上对复合涂层的生物活性、生理稳定性能、抗菌性能进行分析.结果表明:复合涂层呈纳米球状,由羟基磷灰石、银、壳聚糖三相组成,并且表面有一层壳聚糖覆盖.银纳米粒子和羟基磷灰石纳米粒子在复合涂层中均匀分布.将复合涂层浸泡在SCPS溶液中37°C浸泡矿化10天后,在复合涂层表面生产细针状排列整齐的羟基磷灰石,且在(002)晶面25.8°处发生显著择优生长,表明复合涂层在快速矿化液中能诱导磷灰石生成,生物活性好.将复合涂层浸泡在37°C PBS溶液中考察其生理稳定性,壳聚糖对复合涂层中Ca~(2+)和Ag~+实现双重离子释放,且降低了离子释放速度,涂层具有良好的生理稳定性.抗菌实验表明复合涂层对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌率达到99%以上,抗菌能力强.     

Studies on pore structures and surface functional groups of pitch-based activated carbon fibers

The present study concerns the physical activation and chemical oxidation of pitch-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) as ways to improve the adsorption properties. The surface oxides of the ACFs studied were determined by Boehm's titration and the pore structures were studied by the BET method with N(2)/77 K adsorption. Also, the adsorption properties of the ACFs were investigated with chromium ion adsorption by different adsorption models. As a result, it was observed that carboxyl groups were largely created after nitric acid treatment on ACFs. The affinity for chromium ions increases with increasing specific surface area, micropore volume, and surface functionalities of ACFs as the activation time increases.     

Antibacterial properties of novel poly(methyl methacrylate) nanofiber containing silver nanoparticles

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanofiber containing silver nanoparticles was synthesized by radical-mediated dispersion polymerization and applied to an antibacterial agent. UV-vis spectroscopic analysis indicated that the silver nanoparticles were continually released from the polymer nanofiber in aqueous solution. The antibacterial properties of silver/PMMA nanofiber against both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria were evaluated using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the modified Kirby-Bauer method, and a kinetic test. The MIC test demonstrated that the silver/PMMA nanofiber had enhanced antimicrobial efficacy compared to that of silver sulfadiazine and silver nitrate at the same silver concentration.     

基于正电荷和光热协同效应的新型半导体聚合物纳米抗菌材料

由于抗生素的不当使用和细菌多药耐药的出现, 迫切需要开发新的抗菌剂. 本文制备了具有光热转换性能的正电荷半导体高分子材料及具有协同抗菌活性的半导体聚合物纳米粒子(SP-PPh₃ NPs). SP-PPh₃ NPs的光热转化效率为43.8%. 带正电荷的SP-PPh₃ NPs可以附着在细菌上, 有助于将热量有效传递给细菌. 在热和正电荷的协同作用下, SP-PPh₃ NPs对革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌(E. coli)和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)均具有抗菌活性, 其对二者的体外抑菌率分别为99.9%和98.6%. 此外, SP-PPh₃ NPs具有良好的生物相容性, 对小鼠的主要器官几乎无副作用. 对细菌感染的小鼠皮肤伤口用SP-PPh₃ NPs治疗12 d后, 伤口可以很好地愈合.