均匀取样电磁量能器能量纵向泄漏的修正

研究对铅-闪烁光纤夹层电磁量能器能量纵向泄漏的纠正.对AMS02电磁量能器2002年束流测试的数据进行了分析,用Γ函数拟合的方法和末层沉积能量法对量能器的能量纵向泄漏进行了修正.经过修正后的能量线性变好,能量分辨率显著提高.末层沉积能量法对于能量分辨率的提高效果更为明显.     

BES Ⅲ桶部电磁量能器优化设计的M0nte Carlo模拟

运用模拟软件GEANT3对铅加闪烁光纤类型的BESⅢ桶部电磁量能器(BSC)进行了模拟.研究表明,BSC中簇射的时间信息的读出有助于改善z向分辨、π0的质量分辨和排除假光子.模拟计算还给出了BSC能量分辨率(6%/√E),φ方向角分辨与读出粒度的关系,π0质量分辨率σm/m与光输出、光纤衰减长度及读出粒度的关系,其中m为两个光子重建为π0的不变质量.     

配有BGO晶体阵列的L3强子量能器性能的模拟测试

本文介绍子配有BGO(锗酸铋)晶体阵列的L3铀强子量能器性能的模拟测试.对L3强子量能器以及测试实验作了简要介绍,并给出了该量能器对4—20GeV能量范围的π介子的能量分辨率、e/π响应比、角分辨、能量分辨率随入射π介子方向的变化以及强子穿透率等实验结果.     

BESⅢ桶部电磁量能器优化设计的Monte Carlo模拟

运用模拟软件GEANT3对铅加闪烁光纤类型的BESⅢ桶部电磁量能器(BSC)进行了模拟.研究表明,BSC中簇射的时间信息的读出有助于改善z向分辨、π⁰的质量分辨和排除假光子.模拟计算还给出了BSC能量分辨率(6%/E),方向角分辨与读出粒度的关系,π⁰质量分辨率σm/m与光输出、光纤衰减长度及读出粒度的关系,其中m为两个光子重建为π⁰的不变质量.     

HIRFL-CSRm内靶实验终端CsI(Tl)电磁量能器性能模拟

基于GEANT4模拟了HIRFL-CSRm内靶实验终端的CsI(Tl)电磁量能器系统, 给出了CsI电磁量能器的最佳设计参数及可能达到的性能. 结果表明, 设计的CsI(Tl)电磁量能器系统能够满足所研究的物理要求.     

L3量能器束流测试中的e/π分辨研究

本文分析了L3实验的量能器束流测试数据,提出了用"key cut"和"Δ cut"作为e/π分辨的手段.结果表明,在4—20GeV能量区域内,e/π分辨均高于93.7%.     

闪烁光纤量能器单元模型的宇宙线测试

介绍闪烁光纤量能器单元模型宇宙线测试采用的简易实验装置和测量步骤,以及实验数据的分析处理方法.对来自意大利KLOE的铅–光纤量能器单元模型进行了宇宙线测试,对实验数据进行了分析和修正,给出了该单元模型的时间分辨(252ps)和位置分辨(4.1cm)等参数.     

冷绝缘高温超导电缆电磁特性计算与分析

为了获得超导电缆电磁特性变化规律,针对冷绝缘高温超导电缆本体的基本结构,采用安培定律推导了超导电缆导体层和屏蔽层自感、互感的计算公式.通过110kV冷绝缘超导电缆的实例计算,研究了超导电缆导体层、屏蔽层的内径、绕向角、绕制方向三个结构参数对电磁特性的影响,总结了电感参数变化规律.     

北京谱仪亮度监测器探测器的束流测试和刻度

北京谱仪亮度监测器的探测器在日本KEK进行了束流测试和刻度.在0.25GeV/c到4GeV/c动量范围内,测量了量能器的性能.在电子为1.5GeV/c时,量能器的能量分辨为13%.时间分辨为660ps.定义计数器和辅助计数器的性能也作了测量,半高宽能量分辨率为30—40%,时间分辨为～300ps.实验结果表明探测器的性能可以适用于北京谱仪亮度监测器.     

层间耦合与高温超导体角分辨光电子能谱和Ba位替代效应

根据高温超导体层状结构特点和层间耦合效应，提出了一个唯象的S-N双层高 温超导模型（S表示超导层，N表示非超导层），并在Nambu空间求得高温超导态的格林函数，得到了S-N模型下高温超导体临界温度T＿c随S，N层间耦合强度增加而下降的结果.在该 模型的基础上讨论了YBCO材料中Ba位替代对Tc的抑制效应，说明了高温超导体角分辨光电子能谱具有hump/dip/peak结构的特点，所得结果与实验相一致. 关键词： 层间耦合效应 替代效应 势无序 角分辨光电子能谱     

Studies on Angular Resolution of Lead-Scintillating Fiber Electro-Magnetic Calorimeter

Analyzing methods on the angular resolution of lead-scintillating fiber electromagnetic calorimeter are studied. The space resolution function, which is used to calculate weights,is extracted from Monte-Carlo simulation. Better angular resolution was obtained from the beam test data of AMS ECAL in 2002 at CERN, when the space resolution function was used in the fit. Different ways to calculate the centers of gravity,to choose the layers to fit the incidence direction are also discussed.     

High resolution digital holographic microscopy for the study of aggregated natural cellulose nanowhisker fibers

In this paper, digital holographic (DH) microscopy demonstrates its ability to perform a full characterization of nanofibers. The high resolution and magnification of the presented method to study the nanofibers are tested using standard MIL-STD-150A 1951 USAF resolution test target. In this investigation, aggregated natural cellulose nanowhisker fibers are positioned in the front of the microscopic objective using a 3D translation stage in the object arm of DH setup. The recorded off-axis holograms are refocused using the angular spectrum method. The reconstructed complex field is used to calculate optical phase and intensity distributions of the object at different reconstruction depths. A simple algorithm is used to define the focused image with suitable accuracy. The dimensions and orientation of the fibers can be evaluated from the optical field at different depths. Then, the shape and textures along the aggregated natural cellulose nanowhisker fiber can be presented in a 3D space.     

Measurement of avalanche size and position resolution of RPCs with different surface resistivities of the high voltage provider

The effects of surface resistivity of the high voltage provider on the space dispersion of the induced charge of a prototype Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) have been studied experimentally and theoretically. The results of both experiment and theory agree and confirm that a two-Gaussian function can be used to fit the dispersion of the induced charge of the RPC. It is shown that the Gaussian function with the narrower width is mainly due to the expansion of the avalanche charge in the gas gap of the RPC, and the Gaussian function with the larger width is due to the charge dispersion when it passes through the resistive carbon film. This will be useful in the RPC design when one wants to make an RPC with high position resolution.     

中子散射成像探测角分辨研究

中子散射成像技术是近年来国外正在发展的一项新型辐射成像技术, 在深空宇宙探测、核材料监控等方面具有广阔的应用前景. 角分辨是衡量该技术成像能力的一项重要参数. 研究了位置不确定度和能量分辨对角分辨的影响. 理论分析表明: 以不同角度散射, 成像的角分辨不同; 位置不确定不仅直接影响角分辨, 还通过影响能量不确定度对角分辨间接贡献; 位置分辨主要来源于探测器的结构尺寸, 当探测器尺寸小于5 cm, 影响角分辨的主要来源是能量不确定度. 利用所获得的理论结果指导设计了原理探测系统, 并对设计的原理系统开展了初步实验研究. 结果表明, 分析结果与实验得到的角分辨参数基本一致.     

X射线成像系统点扩展函数理论模型及其实验验证

X射线成像系统点扩展函数是影响X射线成像空间分辨率和密度分辨率的决定性因素,在系统分析X射线成像物理过程基础上,建立了X射线成像系统点扩展函数的一种数学解析模型,推导出了射束有效宽度计算公式,最后通过实验验证了模型的正确性。该模型为X射线成像系统空间分辨率和密度分辨率的初步设计和评定提供了理论依据,可作为X射线图像恢复算法中模糊函数的先验信息。     

Angular reconstruction of a lead scintillating-fiber sandwiched electromagnetic calorimeter

The Neighbor Cell Deposited Energy Ratio （NCDER） is a new method that is proposed to reconstruct incidence position in a single layer for a 3-dimensional imaging electromagnetic calorimeter （ECAL）. This method was applied to reconstruct the ECAL test beam data for the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02 （AMS-02）. The results show that this method can achieve an angular resolution of 7.36±0.08°/√E＋0.28±0.02° in the determination of the photon＇s direction, which is much more precise than that obtained with the commonly-adopted Center of Gravity （COG） method （8.4±0.1°/E＋0.8±0.3°）. Furthermore, since it uses only the properties of electromagnetic showers, this new method could also be used for other type of fine grain sampling calorimeters.     

A note on the proper frequency resolution for the room transfer function in the phased beam tracing method

In the simulation of acoustic response of a room, one cannot satisfactorily estimate the transfer function or the impulse response with a sparse frequency resolution. We have studied about the frequency resolution for a satisfactory estimation of room transfer function or the reverberation time using the phased beam tracing method. In order to investigate what happens with the frequency resolution, a number of frequency resolution (0.01-1 Hz), which are usually employed in the numerical analysis, was tested for a room model. It was found that the total accumulated phase in a transfer function and the late part of an impulse response of a room are influenced by the frequency resolution. Main reason for the difference is the correct detection of non-minimum phase zeros, depending on the frequency resolution. A criterion for a proper frequency resolution was suggested by considering the modal density of three-dimensional space. When a sparse dataset was initially given, we showed that cubic spline interpolation can be used to enhance the precision of detection for non-minimum phase zeros.     

动载体光电成像系统视轴稳定精度研究

载体扰动会对光电成像系统的性能产生影响.分析载体扰动的特点及产生的原因,主要分析载体角运动对光电成像系统性能的影响.在此基础上从空间分辨率、人眼观察性能以及跟踪精度3个方面分析光电成像系统对视轴稳定精度的要求,指出对于探测器限制的光电成像系统,应将积分时间内载体的角扰动控制在探测器限制的空间分辨率内,或将像移控制在一个探测单元尺寸内,对于衍射限制的光电成像系统,应将积分时间内载体的角扰动控制在衍射限制的空间分辨率内,得出了视轴稳定精度必须在满足成像系统空间分辨率的基础上,根据实际功能需求进行确定的结论.最后通过实例验证了上述结果.     

眼模型下的投影式头盔物镜设计及视空间评价

进一步完善了投影式头盔系统的视空间评价方法,应用接近实际情况的眼模型来模拟人眼对头盔物镜系统进行评价。由视空间的评价结果出发,从眼模型的成像效果反过来进一步指导头盔系统的设计工作。设计结果显示,轴上视场和大视场的调制传递函数特性良好,在轴上视场可以达到1′的人眼最小分辨角,在大视场可以达到微显示器单个像素确定的视锐度,表明此系统在视空间的分辨力满足实际使用需要。系统最大畸变小于5%,色差不会对人眼分辨产生影响。