初态相互作用与高能p—A碰撞中J/ψ产额的压低

研究了初态相互作用对高能p—A碰撞中J/ψ产额压低的影响.由于入射质子与靶核的非弹性作用,使它的能量减小.考虑了这个贡献之后,只需末态相互作用的截面为σ^f_abs=2.1mb,就能很好地再现实验结果.     

LHC高能Pb—Pb和Ca—Ca碰撞中的直接硬光生J/ψ及γ

研究了LHC中,Pb–Pb以质心系能量5.5ATeV以及Ca–Ca以质心系能量7ATeV碰撞过程中的硬直接光生J/ψ和γ过程:A+A→A+J/ψ(γ)+X.结果表明该过程不仅可用于测量原子核中的胶子分布,还可以用以研究大R_t胶子以及重夸克的J/ψ碎裂机制.     

BEPC共振事例的碎裂特性

发现e⁺e^－→J/ψ→3g三胶子碎裂的末态强子多重数〈n〉满足与e⁺e^－→q₀q₀连续区事例相同的普适质量关系〈n〉=A2S+12I+1exp(–bm2).表明胶子、夸克碎裂成强子时有相同的规律性.同样可以把参数A解释为直生介子、重子多重数〈M〉+〈B〉.虽然对Υ→3g与连续区事例进行比较,末态重子多重数增高2.5倍,但是利用我们对J/ψ→3g共振区的计算研究,没有发现J/ψ→3g事例有类似的特征.     

用推广的矩分析方法确定过程J/ψ→V1,X→V2+V3中粒子X的自旋-宇称

本文用推广的矩分析方法对J/ψ的强衰变过程J/ψ→V₁,X→V₂+V₃,V₂、V₃→2P或3P(其中V_i代表有质量的矢量粒子,P代表赝标介子)进行了讨论.对于具有不同自旋和宇称的中间态X,给出了相应的矩的表达式.在非相对论情况下,计算了过程X→V₂+V₃的螺旋度振幅值.通过比较部分矩的理论值和实验值,可以确定中间态粒子X的自旋、宇称和所处的分波态.     

在BEPC/BES上寻找同位旋标量1－+奇特态

在单态和多态耦合两种情况下,讨论了在BEPC/BES(北京正负电子对撞机/北京谱仪)上,通过J/ψ衰变过程J/ψ→V+X,X→a₂+π寻找同位旋标量1^－+奇特态的可能性.结果表明,对于J/ψ的辐射衰变过程和强子衰变过程,这种可能性都是存在的.     

关于ψ(3770)的电偶极跃迁

本文采用一种以QCD为基础的势模型,计算了cc态的各种E1跃迁宽度.结果表明相对论修正效应相当重要.所得ψ(2s)→γχ_cJ和χ_cJ→γψ(1S)(J=0,1,2)的跃迁宽度与实验符合,但ψ(3770)→γχ_cJ跃迁宽度要比MarkⅢ实验组的新近结果小2倍左右.改善理论结果的一个可能性是考虑2³S₁—1³D1混合的效应.     

关于J/ψ辐射衰变产生胶球态的另一种机制

基于粲夸克偶素J/ψ质量大而寿命长的特征的物理内涵和对胶球态产生条件的理解,提出了J/ψ→Gb+γ过程产生胶球态的另一种机制,即认为胶球态Gb来自J/ψ中的组分粲夸克对c_con.(c_con.)分别转变为流粲夸克对c_{cur.(ccur.)时所发射的色八重态胶团对的融合,而余下的流粲夸克对再湮没为光子γ.通过用此模型的计算,讨论了ΓJ/ψ→Gb+γ与有关参数值的关系,并与J/ψ辐射衰变中通过两个末态胶子的强子化产生胶球的机制作出了对比.}     

ψ(2S)强衰变中矢量-张量介子末态的反常压制

利用在北京正负电子对撞机上北京谱仪采集的3.6×10⁶ ψ(2S)事例,测量了ψ(2S)新的强子衰变道ψ(2S)→ρα₂和K^*0K₂^*0+c.c.的分支比,发现二者相对于J/ψ的相应衰变道明显压制,破坏了微扰QCD理论预言的“15%规则”,从而继前已报道的ψ(2S)→ωf₂确认了另外两例末态为矢量与张量介子的ψ(2S)反常衰变.     

干涉项对e+e－→qq+ng两种色连接几率的影响

传统高能e⁺e^－→hadrons事例产生器普遍采用大N_c近似,使色单态链产生几率达到100%而色分离态几率为0.本文在Nc=3的真实情况下,研究了干涉项中颜色部分和动量部分的来源及性质后发现,对e⁺e^－→qq+ng部分子末态中胶子数2,3,干涉项使色单态链产生几率进一步下降到67%,58%,而n=2时的色分离态几率则增大至不考虑干涉项的2倍.由上推断当胶子数n更大时色单态链几率将远小于1,色分离态几率将更显著增加.     

反质子与核非弹性碰撞中的自旋效应

A(p,p)A*非弹性碰撞过程,若反质子的光学势包含了自旋轨道耦合势,它在碰撞过程中不但能激发正常宇称态,也能激发反常的宇称态,以及非弹性过程的极化度.本文在DWIA框架下导出了微分截面(dσ/dΩ)_f,i,极化度P(θ).并对入射能量为46.8MeV和179.7MeV ¹²C(p,p)¹²C*的2⁺,3^－和1⁺态微分截面、极化度进行严格的分波方法计算.计算与实验符合很好.由于反常宇称态的非弹过程已被测得,表明反质子光学势的自旋效应不容忽视.     

白光和红绿蓝光LED可调光源研制

为了提高LED光源色温和亮度的调节精度和准确度,结合色温由低向高变化时光色所呈现的渐变特点,提出了一种低色温白光LED灯珠、高色温白光LED灯珠加红绿蓝光LED灯珠补偿式调光的方法.将色温分成三个部分进行调节,每个部分选用不同的LED灯珠组合来进行调光.实验结果表明:不同组合情况下的LED光源的初始输出色温相对于目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;亮度可以在保证色温不变的情况下独立进行调节,初始输出值与目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;经过微调之后可以达到目标值;达到了色温和亮度独立调节的要求;光源发光稳定,不会因为长时间工作而影响调节精度.     

Muonic and pionic L- and M-series in carbon and oxygen and the pionic 2p level shift and width of oxygen

Muonic and pionic X-rays of the L- and M-series in C and O have been measured with a Si(Li) detector in the energy range between 7 keV and 60 keV. The target consisted of mylar (C₅H₄O₂). Energies and intensities of 21 transitions have been determined. The strong interaction shift of the pionic 2p level in O was measured and found to be +4.1 ±2.3 eV. The measured width of this level is 11±6 eV. The measured yields have been compared with cascade calculations.     

Visualization and interferometry for cylindrical and spherical sample tomography and profilometry

A technique combining image processing and laser interferometry for visualizing and detecting the deformation of transparent cylindrical and spherical sample is proposed. This deformation includes geometric deformation such as volume transition in profilometry and physical deformation such as refractive index change in tomography. Phase contour lines are used for quantitative analysis and graphical representation of the deformation. This method allows us to visually detect the spatial variation of the deformation field and to evaluate the test quality such as misalignment of optical system. A theoretical analysis using phase contour map to characterize the deformation field is described in detail. A method using phase contour map to qualify the interferometric test is proposed. Analysis of test examples is carried out. Suggestions on using phase contour line method to ameliorate test system design are finally discussed.     

Nonlocal potentials and their exact and approximate local and velocity-dependent equivalents

We show that good approximations to the exact equivalent local potential (ELP) and damping factor of a nonlocal Perey-Buck potential can be calculated in the partial wave WKB approximation of Horiuchi. The exact ELP and damping factor are obtained by means of a method previously given by one of us. We also confirm that an approximate ELP proposed by Bauhoff et al. is of comparable accuracy as the Horiuchi approximation. Thesel-dependent ELP's exhibit reduced attraction in the interior and provide a test for higher order WKB approximations. We subsequently obtain an equivalent velocity dependent potential (EVDP) which is even exactly wave function equivalent to the original nonlocal potential. This almost local potential, unlike the trivial equivalent local potential, is smooth and well-behaved and is therefore particularly useful in nuclear reactions where the off-shell behaviour of the potential is important.     

Spin and Statistics and First Principles

It was shown in the early seventies that, in Local Quantum Theory (that is the most general formulation of Quantum Field Theory, if we leave out only the unknown scenario of Quantum Gravity) the notion of Statistics can be grounded solely on the local observable quantities (without assuming neither the commutation relations nor even the existence of unobservable charged field operators); one finds that only the well known (para)statistics of Bose/Fermi type are allowed by the key principle of local commutativity of observables. In this frame it was possible to formulate and prove the Spin and Statistics Theorem purely on the basis of First Principles.     

Quantum and Classical Disparity and Accord

Discrepancies and accords between quantum (QM) and classical mechanics (CM) related to expectation values and periods are generally found for both the harmonic oscillator (SHO) and a free particle in a box (FPB), which may apply generally. These indicate non-locality is expected throughout QM. The FPB energy states violate the Correspondence Principle. Previously unexpected accords are found and proven that 〈x ²〉 _CM =〈x ²〉 _QM and τ _CM =τ _QMb (beat period i.e. beats between the phases for adjoining energy states) for the SHO for all quantum numbers, n. However, for the FPB the beat periods differ at small n. It is shown that a particle’s velocity in an infinite square well varies, no matter how wide the box, nor how far the particle is from the walls. The quantum free particle variances share an indirect commonality with the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects in that there is a quantum action in the absence of a force. The concept of an “Expectation Value over a Partial Well Width” is introduced. This paper raises the question as to whether these inconsistencies are undetectable, or can be empirically ascertained. These inherent variances may need to be fixed, or nature is manifestly more non-classical than expected.