一个特殊矩阵n次幂的推广

对一类特殊矩阵n次幂进行推广,可得到一般性结论.而该结论能用数学归纳法证明.当λ=1时的结论是其特例.     

"蝴蝶"型两个结论的应用

如图1的图形称之为"蝴蝶"型,下面就"蝴蝶"型的两个结论谈两类应用. 1 一般"蝴蝶"求角度 结论1 如图1,如果AD, BC相交于点O,那么∠A+∠B=∠C+∠D. 此结论可称之为"蝴蝶"型的角度和相等.构造满足此结论的图形.可将复杂图形求角度的问题转化为特殊图形角度和.     

Cauchy凝聚判别法的推广

将Cauchy凝聚判别法进行推广,得到正项级数一个新的判别法.该判别法包含了若干已有的结论,同时也产生了一些新的结论.实例说明了这些结论的有效性.     

加权和线性过程的渐近正态性

本文建立了α-混合序列情形的加权和平稳线性过程的渐近正态性.获得的结论基于最少的权条件.所得结论将Abadir等[Econometric Theory,2014,30(1):252-284]中的结论推广至α-混合序列情形.     

数学开放性问题解法例谈

数学开放性问题指那些条件不完备,结论不确定的数学问题.此类习题重在开发思维,促进创新,提高数学素养.主要有条件开放题,结论开放题,组合开放题和策略开放题等,本文就这类问题的一些常用的解题方法举例介绍.1 条件开放性问题条件开放题是指命题的条件是不确定的,但结论唯一,要证得结论,题设所给的条件不够,这就需要根据给出的结论,分析探索使结论成立应具备的条件,不过满足结论的条件有,但往往不唯一.     

类比推理的难因分析及教学策略

1引言类比推理与归纳推理都属于合情推理,是新课程新增内容之一.这一内容的增加,旨在引导学生运用常用的推理方法去猜测、探索一些数学结论,有利于创新意识的培养.类比推理的关键在于理解类比的方法,感受数学发现的过程,而不必追求对概念的抽象表述或类比结论的正确性.首先是要有联想,能类比.因为类比推理不是证明,不要求类比结论一定正确,结论错误当属正常.教学重点不是获得正确的结论,而是能使学生会产生联想,主动进行类比,这是第一位的.当然,我们往     

基于降维思想的客观组合评价模型

为了解决多方法评价结论的非一致性问题,产生了组合评价方法.最大限度地利用多评价结论的信息是组合评价的关键.为此提出了一个基于降维思想的客观组合评价模型,它能够最大程度地保留多评价结论所包含的评价信息,充分地整合多评价结论中的共性信息.鉴于该模型求解属复杂非线性优化问题,常规方法难以直接处理,建立了微粒群改进算法,进行全局寻优.最后,通过实例说明了模型的可操作性和实用性.     

综合处理专家意见的MABM方法

本文以不确定性信息处理的数学理论为基础.给出了多智能体系统(MAS)不确定性结论合成的一般方法.即MABM方法,使合成结论的可信性具有理论论据.     

与定积分有关的极限

对于与定积分有关的数列极限,梳理一些已知结论,得到两个命题.给出多个应用例子,有些例子本身就是有用结论.     

集值映射空间在紧开拓扑下的N性质(英文)

本文研究了点紧连续集值映射族在紧开拓扑下的N性质.利用cs-σ网方法获得了如下结果:若X是N0空间,Y是N空间,则C_k(X,Y)是N空间.该结论将J.A.Guthrie关于单值连续映射空间的结论推广到了集值映射空间上,并且改进了相关结论.     

Physicomechanical characteristics of a disperse-filled polytetrafluoroethylene

Composite polymer materials based on PTFE containing ultradisperse -sialon (1–10 wt.%) as the cross-linking agent are studied. It is shown that the injection of small amounts of fillers (1–2 wt.%) increases the degree of composite crystallinity. A correlation between the structure, element distribution on the surface layers of samples, and tribotechnical characteristics of composites is found. The change in the physicomechanical characteristics is associated with the effect of the interstructural plasticization.Ammosov Yakutsk State University, Yakutsk, Russia. Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 797–806, November–December, 1999.     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

Staircase transportation problems with superadditive rewards and cumulative capacities

A cumulative-capacitated transportation problem is studied. The supply nodes and demand nodes are each chains. Shipments from a supply node to a demand node are possible only if the pair lies in a sublattice, or equivalently, in a staircase disjoint union of rectangles, of the product of the two chains. There are (lattice) superadditive upper bounds on the cumulative flows in all leading subrectangles of each rectangle. It is shown that there is a greatest cumulative flow formed by the natural generalization of the South-West Corner Rule that respects cumulative-flow capacities; it has maximum reward when the rewards are (lattice) superadditive; it is integer if the supplies, demands and capacities are integer; and it can be calculated myopically in linear time. The result is specialized to earlier work of Hoeffding (1940), Fréchet (1951), Lorentz (1953), Hoffman (1963) and Barnes and Hoffman (1985). Applications are given to extreme constrained bivariate distributions, optimal distribution with limited one-way product substitution and, generalizing results of Derman and Klein (1958), optimal sales with age-dependent rewards and capacities.To our friend, Philip Wolfe, with admiration and affection, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Research was supported respectively by the IBM T.J. Watson and IBM Almaden Research Centers and is a minor revision of the IBM Research Report [6].     

Creep of polymer concrete in the nonlinear region

Two polyester-based polymer concretes with various volume content of diabase as an extender and aggregate are tested in creep under compression at different stress levels. The phenomenological and structural approaches are both used to analyze the experimental data. Common features of changes in the instantaneous and creep compliances are clarified, and a phenomenological creep model which accounts for the changes in the instantaneous compliance and in the retardation spectrum depending on the stress level is developed. It is shown that the model can be used to describe the experimental results of stress relaxation and creep under repeated loading. Modeling of the composite structure and subsequent solution of the optimization problem confirm the possibility of the existence of an interphase layer more compliant than the binder. A direct correlation between the interphase volume content and the instantaneous compliance of the composite is revealed. It is found that the distinction in nonlinearity of the viscoelastic behavior of the two polymer concretes under investigation can be due to the difference in their porosity. Submitted to the 11th International Conference on Mechanics of Composite Materials (Riga, June 11–15, 2000.) Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 147–164, 2000.     

A model for predicting the shear bearing capacity of FRP-strengthened beams

The shear failure of reinforced concrete beams needs more attention than the bending failure since no or only small warning precedes the failure. For this reason, it is of utmost importance to understand the shear bearing capacity and also to be able to undertake significant rehabilitation work if necessary. In this paper, a design model for the shear strengthening of concrete beams by using fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) is presented, and the limitations of the truss model analogy are highlighted. The fracture mechanics approach is used in analyzing the bond behavior between the FRP composites and concrete. The fracture energy of concrete and the axial rigidity of the FRP are considered to be the most important parameters. The effective strain in the FRP when the debonding occurs is determined. The limitations of the anchorage length over the cross section are analyzed. A simple iterative design method for the shear debonding is finally proposed. Russian translation published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 357–372, May–June, 2008.     

Superapproximation and Commutator Properties of Discrete Orthogonal Projections for Continuous Splines

This paper builds upon the L_p-stability results for discrete orthogonal projections on the spaces S_h of continuous splines of order r obtained by R. D. Grigorieff and I. H. Sloan in (1998, Bull. Austral. Math. Soc.58, 307–332). Properties of such projections were proved with a minimum of assumptions on the mesh and on the quadrature rule defining the discrete inner product. The present results, which include superapproximation and commutator properties, are similar to those derived by I. H. Sloan and W. Wendland (1999, J. Approx. Theory97, 254–281) for smoothest splines on uniform meshes. They are expected to have applications (as in I. H. Sloan and W. Wendland, Numer. Math. (1999, 83, 497–533)) to qualocation methods for non-constant-coefficient boundary integral equations, as well as to the wide range of other numerical methods in which quadrature is used to evaluate L₂-inner products. As a first application, we consider the most basic variable-coefficient boundary integral equation, in which the constant-coefficient operator is the identity. The results are also extended to the case of periodic boundary conditions, in order to allow appplication to boundary integral equations on closed curves.     

Coordinate and subspace optimization methods for linear least squares with non-quadratic regularization

This work addresses the problem of regularized linear least squares (RLS) with non-quadratic separable regularization. Despite being frequently deployed in many applications, the RLS problem is often hard to solve using standard iterative methods. In a recent work [M. Elad, Why simple shrinkage is still relevant for redundant representations? IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 52 (12) (2006) 5559–5569], a new iterative method called parallel coordinate descent (PCD) was devised. We provide herein a convergence analysis of the PCD algorithm, and also introduce a form of the regularization function, which permits analytical solution to the coordinate optimization. Several other recent works [I. Daubechies, M. Defrise, C. De-Mol, An iterative thresholding algorithm for linear inverse problems with a sparsity constraint, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. LVII (2004) 1413–1457; M.A. Figueiredo, R.D. Nowak, An EM algorithm for wavelet-based image restoration, IEEE Trans. Image Process. 12 (8) (2003) 906–916; M.A. Figueiredo, R.D. Nowak, A bound optimization approach to wavelet-based image deconvolution, in: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2005], which considered the deblurring problem in a Bayesian methodology, also obtained element-wise optimization algorithms. We show that the last three methods are essentially equivalent, and the unified method is termed separable surrogate functionals (SSF). We also provide a convergence analysis for SSF. To further accelerate PCD and SSF, we merge them into a recently developed sequential subspace optimization technique (SESOP), with almost no additional complexity. A thorough numerical comparison of the denoising application is presented, using the basis pursuit denoising (BPDN) objective function, which leads all of the above algorithms to an iterated shrinkage format. Both with synthetic data and with real images, the advantage of the combined PCD-SESOP method is demonstrated.     

Effect of the adhesion interaction and the degree of filling on the internal stresses in finely divided crystalline fillers of epoxy composites

Two kinds of model composite materials with finely divided (1) crystal fillers—LiF or polyethylene-filled epoxy resin cured by polyethylenepolyamine — are investigated by X-ray diffractometry. It is found that tensile stresses arise in LiF crystals, which show a strong adhesion interaction with the binder, for all degrees of filling (from =2.2 to =74 vol.%) examined. Their values remain constant up to a degree of filling at which the boundary layers come into contact with one another. Then, the inner stresses decrease with increasing . In the crystalline regions of polyethylene, where the adhesion between the binder and crystals is weak, the inner stresses are compressive. It is shown that the thickness of the boundary layer of the matrix on the surface of filler particles can be evaluated by the method used.Institute of Polymer Mechanics, Latvian University, Riga, LV-1006 Latvia. Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 807–820, November–December, 1999.     

Rigid isotopy classification of real algebraic curves of bidegree (3,3) on quadrics

A rigid isotopy of nonsingular real algebraic curves on a quadric is a path in the space of such curves of a given bidegree. We obtain the rigid isotopy classification of nonsingular real algebraic curves of bidegree (3, 3) on a hyperboloid and on an ellipsoid. We also study of the space of real algebraic curves of bidegree (3, 3) with a single node or cusp. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 66, No. 6, pp. 810–815, December, 1999.     

Embeddings of the classesH ω

In this paper we study functions belonging to the classesV _ε and ΛBV, which are encountered in the theory of Fourier trigonometric series. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the embedding of the classesH _ω in the classesV _ϕ and ABV are obtained. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 64, No. 5, pp. 713–719, November, 1998. This research was supported by the program “Leading Scientific Schools” under grant No. 96/97-15-96073.